''Bolboschoenus maritimus'' is a species of flowering plant from family

Cyperaceae The Cyperaceae () are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as wikt:sedge, sedges. The family (biology), family is large; botanists have species description, described some 5,500 known species in about 90 ...

. Common names for this species include sea clubrush, cosmopolitan bulrush, alkali bulrush, saltmarsh bulrush, and bayonet grass. It is found in seaside

wetland A wetland is a distinct semi-aquatic ecosystem whose groundcovers are flooded or saturated in water, either permanently, for years or decades, or only seasonally. Flooding results in oxygen-poor ( anoxic) processes taking place, especially ...

habitats over much of the world. It is widespread across much of temperate and subtropical

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and various islands.

Habitat

As a

halophyte A halophyte is a salt-tolerant plant that grows in soil or waters of high salinity, coming into contact with saline water through its roots or by salt spray, such as in saline semi-deserts, mangrove swamps, marshes and sloughs, and seashores. ...

, ''B. maritimus'' is usually found in saline habitats, including the northern coast of the

North North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating Direction (geometry), direction or geography. Etymology T ...

and

Baltic Sea The Baltic Sea is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that is enclosed by the countries of Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and the North European Plain, North and Central European Plain regions. It is the ...

, Scandinavia, and in coastal western and southern Europe, as well as inland in northern Poland,

Pannonia Pannonia (, ) was a Roman province, province of the Roman Empire bounded on the north and east by the Danube, on the west by Noricum and upper Roman Italy, Italy, and on the southward by Dalmatia (Roman province), Dalmatia and upper Moesia. It ...

, and as far east as the Ural Mountains. ''B. maritimus'' often dominates in areas with saline, muddy substrates that are rich in minerals with substantial water level fluctuations that typically flood in spring and early summer. However these habitats have grown in economic importance and are used intensively for livestock grazing, which has led to the disappearance of ''B. maritimus'' from its historical range, exacerbated by land reclamation, invasive species, and conversion to arable land.

References

External links

Jepson Manual TreatmentUSDA Plants ProfileWashington Burke MuseumPhoto gallery

maritimus Maritimus may refer to: * ''Marinobacter maritimus'', a Proteobacteria species in the genus ''Marinobacter'' found in sea water Species * ''Ursus maritimus'', the polar bear Subspecies * ''Antechinus minimus maritimus'', the swamp antechinus * '' ...

Flora of Africa Flora of Asia Flora of Europe Flora of Northern America Flora of Southern America Plants described in 1753 Salt marsh plants Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Taxa named by Eduard Palla Grasses of Lebanon {{Cyperaceae-stub