Scinaiaceae is a family of red algae (
Rhodophyta
Red algae, or Rhodophyta (, ; ), are one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae. The Rhodophyta also comprises one of the largest phyla of algae, containing over 7,000 currently recognized species with taxonomic revisions ongoing. The majority ...
) in the order
Nemaliales.
Huisman had placed former members of
Galaxauraceae
Galaxauraceae is a family of red algae (Rhodophyta) in the order Nemaliales.
The type genus is ''Galaxaura''.
The name ''Galaxauraceae'' was first published by Russian botanist Paulus Horaninow (1796-1865) in 1843.
The family has cosmopolita ...
family, that were lacking
lime into his new family of Scinaiaceae.
Distribution
The family has
cosmopolitan distribution.
Including being found in India,
Arabian Sea
The Arabian Sea ( ar, اَلْبَحرْ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Bahr al-ˁArabī) is a region of the northern Indian Ocean bounded on the north by Pakistan, Iran and the Gulf of Oman, on the west by the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel ...
, Brazil, North America (including
Alaska
Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S ...
, British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon) Chile, New Zealand (Tasmania and
Campbell Island) and the
Falkland Islands
The Falkland Islands (; es, Islas Malvinas, link=no ) is an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Patagonian Shelf. The principal islands are about east of South America's southern Patagonian coast and about from Cape Dubou ...
.
[
]
Notes
Molecular analyses of DNA on species of ''Nothogenia'' has been carried out to determine species relationships.[
Most Scinaiaceae species produce ]mucilage
Mucilage is a thick, gluey substance produced by nearly all plants and some microorganisms. These microorganisms include protists which use it for their locomotion. The direction of their movement is always opposite to that of the secretion of ...
(thick, gluey substance) mainly in the cortical layer.
Several species in the Scinaiaceae family (including '' Nothogenia fastigiata'' and '' Scinaia hatei'') have been screened for anti-viral activity (against herpes
Herpes simplex is a viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. Infections are categorized based on the part of the body infected.
Oral herpes involves the face or mouth. It may result in small blisters in groups often called cold ...
, Respiratory syncytial virus
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), also called human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) and human orthopneumovirus, is a common, contagious virus that causes infections of the respiratory tract. It is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. ...
(RSV), Influenzavirus A
'' A virus'' (''IAV'') causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of the genus ''Alphainfluenzavirus'' of the virus family ''Orthomyxoviridae''. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild ...
, Influenzavirus B
''Influenza B virus'' is the only species in the genus ''Betainfluenzavirus'' in the virus family ''Orthomyxoviridae''.
Influenza B virus is known only to infect humans and seals. This limited host range is apparently responsible for the lack o ...
and simian immunodeficiency virus
''Simian immunodeficiency virus'' (''SIV'') is a species of retrovirus that cause persistent infections in at least 45 species of non-human primates. Based on analysis of strains found in four species of monkeys from Bioko Island, which was i ...
es). Sulfated polysaccharides (xylomannan Xylomannan is an antifreeze molecule, found in the freeze-tolerant Alaskan beetle '' Upis ceramboides''. Unlike antifreeze proteins, xylomannan is not a protein. Instead, it is a combination of a sugar ( saccharide) and a fatty acid that is foun ...
s) from the red alga, have inhibitory effects.
List of genera
According to the AlgaeBase
AlgaeBase is a global species database of information on all groups of algae, both marine and freshwater, as well as sea-grass.
History
AlgaeBase began in March 1996, founded by Michael Guiry. Text was copied from this source, which is ava ...
(amount of species per genus);[ - 10 spp.
* '' Scinaia'' - 45 spp.
* '' Whidbeyella'' - 1 sp. ''Whidbeyella cartilaginea''][Q. Ashton Acton ]
Former genera; ''Ginannia'' , ''Haloderma'' , ''Myelomium'' , ''Pseudogloiophloea'' and ''Rhodosaccion'' .[
]
References
External links
*
{{taxonbar, from=Q21060893
Plants described in 2004
Nemaliales
Red algae families