Samuel Wanamaker (born Samuel Wattenmacker; June 14, 1919 – December 18, 1993) was an American actor and director, whose career on stage and in film and television spanned five decades. He began his career on Broadway, but spent most of his professional life in the United Kingdom, where he emigrated after becoming fearful of being

blacklisted Blacklisting is the action of a group or authority compiling a blacklist of people, countries or other entities to be avoided or distrusted as being deemed unacceptable to those making the list; if people are on a blacklist, then they are considere ...

in Hollywood due to his

communist Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, di ...

views in the 1950s. Wanamaker became extensively involved in British theater, while continuing film and television work, eventually returning to some Hollywood productions while remaining based in the UK. There, he is also credited as the person most responsible for the modern recreation of Shakespeare's Globe theatre in London, where he is commemorated in the name of the

Sam Wanamaker Playhouse The Sam Wanamaker Playhouse is an indoor theatre forming part of the Shakespeare's Globe complex, along with the recreated Globe Theatre on Bankside in Southwark, London. Built by making use of 17th-century plans for an indoor English theatre, ...

, the site's second theatre. He was awarded an honorary CBE for his work. Wanamaker was the father of actress

Zoë Wanamaker Zoë Wanamaker (born 13 May 1949) is an American-born British actress who has worked extensively with the Royal Shakespeare Company and the National Theatre. Wanamaker was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 2001 by Qu ...

, and the uncle of film historian Marc Wanamaker.

Early life

Wanamaker was born in Chicago, the son of tailor Maurice Wattenmacker (Manus Watmakher) and Molly (née Bobele). His parents were both

Jewish Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of History of ancient Israel and Judah, ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, rel ...

immigrants from the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughl ...

. His father Maurice was from

Mykolaiv Mykolaiv ( ), also known as Nikolaev ( ) is a List of cities in Ukraine, city and a hromada (municipality) in southern Ukraine. Mykolaiv is the Administrative centre, administrative center of Mykolaiv Raion (Raions of Ukraine, district) and Myk ...

, in present-day

Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the List of European countries by area, second-largest country in Europe after Russia, which Russia–Ukraine border, borders it to the east and northeast. Ukraine also borders Belarus to the nor ...

. He was the younger of two brothers, the elder being William, a cardiologist at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. He trained at the

Goodman School of Drama The Theatre School at DePaul University, previously the Goodman School of Drama (also known as TTS and GSD, respectively) is the drama school of DePaul University. Originally associated with the Goodman Theatre, its first class was conducted at ...

, then at the

Art Institute of Chicago The Art Institute of Chicago, founded in 1879, is one of the oldest and largest art museums in the United States. The museum is based in the Art Institute of Chicago Building in Chicago's Grant Park (Chicago), Grant Park. Its collection, stewa ...

(now at

DePaul University DePaul University is a private university, private Catholic higher education, Catholic research university in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Founded by the Congregation of the Mission, Vincentians in 1898, the university takes its name from ...

) and at

Drake University Drake University is a private university in Des Moines, Iowa, United States. The University offers over 140 undergraduate and graduate programs, including professional programs in business, education, Legal education, law, and pharmacy. Drake U ...

. He began working with summer stock theatre companies in Chicago and northern Wisconsin, where he helped build the stage of the Peninsula Players Theatre in 1937.

Career

Wanamaker began his acting career in traveling shows and later worked on Broadway. In 1942, he starred with

Ingrid Bergman Ingrid Bergman (29 August 191529 August 1982) was a Swedish actress.Obituary ''Variety Obituaries, Variety'', 1 September 1982. With a career spanning five decades, Bergman is often regarded as one of the most influential screen figures in cin ...

in ''Joan of Lorraine'' and directed ''Two Gentlemen from Athens'' the following year."Actor Sam Wanamaker, 74; rebuilt Globe Theater", ''Chicago Tribune'', December 19, 1993 In 1943, Wanamaker was part of the cast of the play ''Counterattack'' at the National Theatre in Washington, D.C. During the play, he became enamored of the ideals of communism. He attended Drake University before serving in the U.S. Army from 1943 to 1946, during World War II. In 1947, he returned to civilian life as an actor and director. In 1948, he starred in and directed the original Broadway production of '' Goodbye, My Fancy''. Sam Wanamaker - 1977

In 1951, Wanamaker made a speech welcoming the return of two of the

Hollywood Ten The Hollywood blacklist was the mid-20th century banning of suspected Communists from working in the United States entertainment industry. The blacklisting, blacklist began at the onset of the Cold War and Red Scare#Second Red Scare (1947–1957 ...

. In 1952, at the height of the McCarthy "

Red Scare A Red Scare is a form of moral panic provoked by fear of the rise of left-wing ideologies in a society, especially communism and socialism. Historically, red scares have led to mass political persecution, scapegoating, and the ousting of thos ...

" period, Wanamaker, who was then acting in the UK, learned that despite his distinguished service in the Army during World War II, his years as a communist could lead to his being

in Hollywood. He consequently decided to remain in England, where he reestablished his career as a stage and film actor, along with becoming a director and producer. He explained: In 1952, he made his debut as both actor and director in London in

Clifford Odets Clifford Odets (July 18, 1906 – August 14, 1963) was an American playwright, screenwriter, and actor. In the mid-1930s, he was widely seen as the potential successor to Nobel Prize–winning playwright Eugene O'Neill, as O'Neill began to withd ...

' ''Winter Journey''. The play, which co-starred Michael Redgrave, was considered "sensational" by critics. He later appeared in other plays, including ''The Big Knife'', ''The Shrike'', ''The Rainmaker'', and ''

A Hatful of Rain ''A Hatful of Rain'' is a 1957 American drama film directed by Fred Zinnemann and starring Eva Marie Saint, Don Murray, Anthony Franciosa, Lloyd Nolan and Henry Silva. The story is based on a 1955 Broadway play of the same name

''. In 1956, he directed the British premiere of

Bertolt Brecht Eugen Berthold Friedrich Brecht (10 February 1898 – 14 August 1956), known as Bertolt Brecht and Bert Brecht, was a German theatre practitioner, playwright, and poet. Coming of age during the Weimar Republic, he had his first successes as a p ...

and

Kurt Weill Kurt Julian Weill (; ; March 2, 1900April 3, 1950) was a German-born American composer active from the 1920s in his native country, and in his later years in the United States. He was a leading composer for the stage who was best known for hi ...

's musical play ''

The Threepenny Opera ''The Threepenny Opera'' ( ) is a 1928 German "play with music" by Bertolt Brecht, adapted from a translation by Elisabeth Hauptmann of John Gay's 18th-century English ballad opera, '' The Beggar's Opera'', and four ballads by François V ...

'' (revived in New York in 1954 in a translation by

Marc Blitzstein Marcus Samuel Blitzstein (March 2, 1905January 22, 1964), was an American composer, lyricist, and Libretto, librettist. He won national attention in 1937 when his pro-Trade union, union musical ''The Cradle Will Rock'', directed by Orson Welles, ...

.) In 1957, he was appointed director of the neglected New Shakespeare Theatre in Liverpool. He brought a number of notable productions to the theatre, such as ''A View from the Bridge'', ''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'', ''The Rose Tattoo'' and ''Bus Stop''. It was also transformed into a lively arts centre as a result of including other cultural attractions, such as films, lectures, jazz concerts and art exhibits. As a result of all his various activities, Wanamaker became London's "favourite American actor and director", noted ''The Guardian''. In 1959, he joined the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre company at

Stratford-upon-Avon Stratford-upon-Avon ( ), commonly known as Stratford, is a market town and civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon (district), Stratford-on-Avon district, in the county of Warwickshire, in the West Midlands (region), West Midlands region of Engl ...

, playing Iago to

Paul Robeson Paul Leroy Robeson ( ; April 9, 1898 – January 23, 1976) was an American bass-baritone concert artist, actor, professional American football, football player, and activist who became famous both for his cultural accomplishments and for h ...

Othello ''The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice'', often shortened to ''Othello'' (), is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare around 1603. Set in Venice and Cyprus, the play depicts the Moorish military commander Othello as he is manipulat ...

Tony Richardson Cecil Antonio Richardson (5 June 1928 – 14 November 1991) was an English theatre and film director, producer and screenwriter, whose career spanned five decades. He was identified with the "angry young men" group of British directors and play ...

's production that year. In the 1960s and 1970s, he produced or directed several works at venues including the

Royal Opera House The Royal Opera House (ROH) is a theatre in Covent Garden, central London. The building is often referred to as simply Covent Garden, after a previous use of the site. The ROH is the main home of The Royal Opera, The Royal Ballet, and the Orch ...

Covent Garden Covent Garden is a district in London, on the eastern fringes of the West End, between St Martin's Lane and Drury Lane. It is associated with the former fruit-and-vegetable market in the central square, now a popular shopping and tourist sit ...

, and directed the

Shakespeare William Shakespeare ( 23 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's natio ...

Birthday Celebrations in 1974. As a director and actor, he worked in films and television, with a role in '' The Spiral Staircase'' (1974). Wanamaker eventually returned to Hollywood films including '' Private Benjamin'' (1980), '' Raw Deal'' (1986), '' Superman IV: The Quest for Peace'' (1987), and ''

Baby Boom A baby boom is a period marked by a significant increase of births. This demography, demographic phenomenon is usually an ascribed characteristic within the population of a specific nationality, nation or culture. Baby booms are caused by various ...

'' (1987). He was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for his performance in the 1978 ABC television miniseries ''Holocaust''. In 1968, he produced and directed the pilot episode of the Western TV series ''

Lancer A lancer was a type of cavalryman who fought with a lance. Lances were used for mounted warfare in Assyria as early as and subsequently by India, Egypt, China, Persia, Greece, and Rome. The weapon was widely used throughout Eurasia during the M ...

''; a fictionalized version of this is depicted in the 2019 film ''

Once Upon a Time in Hollywood ''Once Upon a Time...in Hollywood'' is a 2019 comedy-drama film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino. Produced by Columbia Pictures in association with Bona Film Group, Heyday Films, and Visiona Romantica, and distributed by Sony Pict ...

'', and 2021

novelization A novelization (or novelisation) is a derivative novel that adapts the story of a work created for another medium, such as a film, TV series, stage play, comic book, or video game. Film novelizations were particularly popular before the advent ...

with Wanamaker portrayed by

Nicholas Hammond Nicholas Hammond (born 15 May 1950) is an American and Australian actor and writer who is best known for his roles as Friedrich von Trapp in the film '' The Sound of Music'' and as Peter Parker/Spider-Man in the 1970s television series ''The Am ...

in the film. He also directed stage productions, including the world premiere production of

Michael Tippett Sir Michael Kemp Tippett (2 January 1905 – 8 January 1998) was an English composer who rose to prominence during and immediately after the Second World War. In his lifetime he was sometimes ranked with his contemporary Benjamin Britten as o ...

's opera '' The Ice Break''. In 1980, he directed

Giuseppe Verdi Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi ( ; ; 9 or 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian composer best known for List of compositions by Giuseppe Verdi, his operas. He was born near Busseto, a small town in the province of Parma ...

's opera '' Aida'' starring

Luciano Pavarotti Luciano Pavarotti (, , ; 12 October 19356 September 2007) was an Italian operatic tenor who during the late part of his career crossed over into popular music, eventually becoming one of the most acclaimed tenors of all time. He made numerou ...

San Francisco Opera The San Francisco Opera (SFO) is an American opera company founded in 1923 by Gaetano Merola (1881–1953) based in San Francisco, California. History Gaetano Merola (1923–1953) Merola's road to prominence in the Bay Area began in 1906 wh ...

(now broadcast version released as DVD). He was also featured as the widowed and ruthless department store owner Simon Berrenger on the short-lived television drama '' Berrenger's'' in 1985.

Restoring the Globe theatre

In 1970 Wanamaker's career took a dramatic turn after he was annoyed that while a number of replicas of the Globe theatre existed in the United States, the site of the original in London was marked by only a plaque on a nearby brewery. He then made it his goal to restore an exact replica of the Globe to feature plays and a museum. It became Wanamaker's "great obsession" to restore Shakespeare's Globe at its original location. He secured financial support from philanthropists and fellow lovers of Shakespeare, such as Samuel H. Scripps, to see that it would be created. Wanamaker then founded the Shakespeare Globe Trust, which raised well over ten million dollars. Though, as in the late 16th and 17th centuries, the 20th century Royal family were more or less supportive, British officialdom was far less so, since they wanted to develop the site for new high-rise housing and commercial use.

English Heritage English Heritage (officially the English Heritage Trust) is a charity that manages over 400 historic monuments, buildings and places. These include prehistoric sites, a battlefield, medieval castles, Roman forts, historic industrial sites, Lis ...

, which controlled the site, refused to give Wanamaker the precise dimensions of the original Globe. Edward Chaney, "Sam Wanamaker's Global Legacy", ''Salisbury Review'', June 1995, pp. 38–40."Sam Wanamaker's Great Obsession", by Karl E. Meyer, ''The New York Times'', December 29, 1996. According to Karl Meyer of ''The New York Times'':

The Shakespeare project helped Mr. Wanamaker keep his sanity and dignity intact. On his first visit to London in 1949, he had sought traces of the original theatre and was astonished to find only a blackened plaque on an unused brewery. He found this neglect inexplicable, and in 1970 launched the Shakespeare Globe Trust, later obtaining the building site and necessary permissions despite a hostile local council. He siphoned his earnings as actor and director into the project, undismayed by the scepticism of his British colleagues.

On the south bank of the

River Thames The River Thames ( ), known alternatively in parts as the The Isis, River Isis, is a river that flows through southern England including London. At , it is the longest river entirely in England and the Longest rivers of the United Kingdom, s ...

in London, near where the modern recreation of Shakespeare's Globe stands today, is a plaque that reads: "In Thanksgiving for Sam Wanamaker, Actor, Director, Producer, 1919–1993, whose vision rebuilt Shakespeare's Globe Theatre on Bankside in this parish". There is a

blue plaque A blue plaque is a permanent sign installed in a public place in the United Kingdom, and certain other countries and territories, to commemorate a link between that location and a famous person, event, or former building on the site, serving a ...

on the river-side wall of the theatre, and the site's Jacobean indoor theatre, opened in January 2014, is named the

after him. For his work in reconstructing the Globe theatre, Wanamaker, in July 1993, was made an honorary

Commander of the Order of the British Empire The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding valuable service in a wide range of useful activities. It comprises five classes of awards across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two o ...

(CBE). He was also honoured with the Benjamin Franklin Medal by the

Royal Society of Arts The Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, commonly known as the Royal Society of Arts (RSA), is a learned society that champions innovation and progress across a multitude of sectors by fostering creativity, s ...

in recognition of his contribution to theatre. When multi-

Tony Award The Antoinette Perry Award for Excellence in Broadway Theatre, more commonly known as a Tony Award, recognizes excellence in live Broadway theatre. The awards are presented by the American Theatre Wing and The Broadway League at an annual ce ...

-winning British actor

Mark Rylance Sir David Mark Rylance Waters (; born 18 January 1960) is an English actor, playwright and theatre director. He is known for his roles on stage and screen, having received numerous awards including an Academy Award, three BAFTA Awards, two Oliv ...

accepted his third Tony on stage in New York City during the televised ceremonies on June 8, 2014, he did so with a note of thanks to Wanamaker.

Personal life

In 1940, Wanamaker married Canadian actress Charlotte Holland. In the 1970s, he reportedly entered into a long-lasting personal relationship with the American actress Jan Sterling. In the 2014 memoir ''I Said Yes to Everything'',

Lee Grant Lee Grant (born Lyova Haskell Rosenthal; October 31, during the mid-1920s) is an American actress, documentarian, and director. In a career spanning over seven decades, she won an Academy Award, two Primetime Emmy Awards, and a Directors Guil ...

claimed that during production of the film ''

Voyage of the Damned ''Voyage of the Damned'' is a 1976 drama (film and television), drama film directed by Stuart Rosenberg, with an Ensemble cast, all-star cast featuring Faye Dunaway, Oskar Werner, Lee Grant, Max von Sydow, James Mason, Lynne Frederick and Malco ...

'' (1976), Wanamaker engaged in an affair with British actress Lynne Frederick, who was 21 at the time. Actress

is his daughter, and film historian Marc Wanamaker is his nephew.

Death

Wanamaker died of

lung cancer Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma, is a malignant tumor that begins in the lung. Lung cancer is caused by genetic damage to the DNA of cells in the airways, often caused by cigarette smoking or inhaling damaging chemicals. Damaged ...

in London on December 18, 1993, aged 74, before the grand opening of the Globe by

Queen Elizabeth II Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 19268 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until Death and state funeral of Elizabeth II, her death in 2022. ...

on June 12, 1997. He was survived by three daughters, Abby, Zoë, and Jessica.

Filmography

Actor

*'' My Girl Tisa'' (1948) as Mark Denek *'' Give Us This Day'' (1949) as Geremio *'' Mr. Denning Drives North'' (1952) as Chick Eddowes *'' The Secret'' (1955) as Nick Delaney *'' The Battle of the Sexes'' (1959) as Narrator (voice) *'' The Criminal'' (1960) as Mike Carter *''

Taras Bulba ''Taras Bulba'' (; ) is a romanticized historical novella set in the first half of the 17th century, written by Nikolai Gogol (1809–1852). It features elderly Zaporozhian Cossack Taras Bulba and his sons Andriy and Ostap. The sons study at th ...

'' (1962) as Filipenko *'' Man in the Middle'' (1964) as Maj. Leon Kaufman, a psychiatrist *''

The Spy Who Came In from the Cold ''The Spy Who Came in from the Cold'' is a 1963 Cold War spy fiction, spy novel by the British author John le Carré. It depicts Alec Leamas, a United Kingdom, British intelligence officer, being sent to East Germany as a faux Defection, defect ...

'' (1965) as Peters *'' Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines'' (1965) as George Gruber *'' Warning Shot'' (1967) as Frank Sanderman *'' The Day the Fish Came Out'' (1967) as Elias *''

Danger Route ''Danger Route'' is a 1967 British spy film directed by Seth Holt for Amicus Productions and starring Richard Johnson (actor), Richard Johnson as Jonas Wilde, Carol Lynley and Barbara Bouchet. It was based on Christopher Nicole, Andrew York's 19 ...

'' (1968) as Lucinda *'' Arturo UI'' (1972, TV Movie) as O'Casey *'' The Law'' (1974, TV Movie) as Jules Benson *'' Mousey'' (1974, TV Movie) as Inspector *'' The Spiral Staircase'' (1975) as Lieutenant Fields *'' The Sell Out'' (1976) as Harry Sickles *''

'' (1976) as Carl Rosen *'' Billy Jack Goes to Washington'' (1977) as Bailey *'' The Billion Dollar Bubble'' (1978) as Stanley Goldblum *''

Death on the Nile ''Death on the Nile'' is a work of detective fiction by British writer Agatha Christie, published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club on 1 November 1937 and in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company the following year. The UK edition retailed at ...

'' (1978) as Sterndale Rockford *''

Holocaust The Holocaust (), known in Hebrew language, Hebrew as the (), was the genocide of History of the Jews in Europe, European Jews during World War II. From 1941 to 1945, Nazi Germany and Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy ...

'' (1978, TV mini-series) as Moses Weiss *'' Contro 4 bandiere'' (1979) as Ray MacDonald *'' Charlie Muffin'' (1979, TV Movie) as Ruttgers *'' Private Benjamin'' (1980) as Teddy Benjamin *'' The Competition'' (1980) as Andrew Erskine *'' Winston Churchill: The Wilderness Years'' (1981) as

Bernard Baruch Bernard Mannes Baruch (August 19, 1870 – June 20, 1965) was an American financier and statesman. After amassing a fortune on the New York Stock Exchange, he impressed President Woodrow Wilson by managing the nation's economic mobilization in W ...

*'' Our Family Business'' (1981, TV Movie) as Ralph *'' I Was a Mail Order Bride'' (1982, TV Movie) as Frank Tosconi *'' Heartsounds'' (1984, TV Movie) as Moe Silverman *''

Irreconcilable Differences The concept of irreconcilable differences provides possible grounds for divorce in the United States of America and Australia, among other jurisdictions. Australia Australian family law uses a no-fault divorce approach, and irreconcilable differe ...

'' (1984) as David Kessler *'' The Ghost Writer'' (1984, TV Movie) as E.I. Lonoff *'' Berrenger's'' (1985, TV Series) as Simon Berrenger *'' The Aviator'' (1985) as Bruno Hansen *''

Embassy A diplomatic mission or foreign mission is a group of people from a Sovereign state, state or organization present in another state to represent the sending state or organization officially in the receiving or host state. In practice, the phrase ...

'' (1985, TV Movie) as Ambassador Arthur Ingram *'' Deceptions'' (1985, TV Movie) as Jim Nolan *'' Raw Deal'' (1986) as Luigi Patrovita *'' Sadie and Son'' (1987, TV Movie) as Marty Goldstein *''

'' (1987) as Fritz Curtis *'' Superman IV: The Quest for Peace'' (1987) as David Warfield *'' The Two Mrs. Grenvilles'' (1987, TV Movie) as District Attorney *''

'' (1988, TV series based on the 1987

film A film, also known as a movie or motion picture, is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, emotions, or atmosphere through the use of moving images that are generally, sinc ...

) as Fritz Curtis *'' Judgment in Berlin'' (1988) as Bernard Hellring *'' Tajna manastirske rakije'' (1988) as Ambassador Morley *'' The Shell Seekers'' (1989, TV Movie) as Richard *'' Always Remember I Love You'' (1990, TV Movie) as Grandfather Mendham *'' Running Against Time'' (1990, TV Movie) as Doctor Koopman *'' Guilty by Suspicion'' (1991) as Felix Graff *'' Pure Luck'' (1991) as Highsmith *''

City of Joy ''City of Joy'' () is a 1985 novel by Dominique Lapierre. It was adapted as City of Joy (1992 film), a film by Roland Joffé in 1992. Calcutta is nicknamed "the City of Joy" after this novel, although the slum was based on an area in its twin c ...

'' (1992) (uncredited) *'' Killer Rules'' (1993, TV Movie) as Gambon *'' Bloodlines: Murder in the Family'' (1993, TV Movie) as Gerald Woodman *'' Wild Justice'' (1994, TV Movie) as Kingston Parker

Television

*''

'' (1978 TV Mini-Series) as Moses Weiss *'' Cameo Theatre'' in "Manhattan Footstep" (episode # 1.4) June 7, 1950 *''

Danger Man ''Danger Man'' (retitled ''Secret Agent'' in the United States for the revived series, and ''Destination Danger'' and ''John Drake'' in other overseas markets) is a British television series that was broadcast between 1960 and 1962, and again ...

'' – as Patrick Laurence in "The Lonely Chair" (episode # 1.8) October 30, 1960 *'' The Defenders'' – as Dr. Ralph Ames in "The Hundred Lives of Harry Simms" (episode # 1.7) October 28, 1961 *'' The Defenders'' – as James Henry David in "A Book for Burning" (episode # 2.27) March 30, 1963 *'' Man of the World'' – as Nicko in "The Bandit" (episode # 2.1) May 11, 1963 *''

Espionage Espionage, spying, or intelligence gathering, as a subfield of the intelligence field, is the act of obtaining secret or confidential information ( intelligence). A person who commits espionage on a mission-specific contract is called an ...

'' – as Sprague in "Festival of Pawns" (episode # 1.10) December 11, 1963 *'' The Outer Limits'' – as Dr. Simon Holm in " A Feasibility Study" (episode # 1.29) April 13, 1964 *'' The Defenders'' – as Edward Banter in "Hollow Triumph" (episode # 3.35) June 20, 1964 *'' The Defenders'' – as United States Attorney Brooker in "A Taste of Ashes" (episode # 4.8) November 12, 1964 *''

The Wild Wild West ''The Wild Wild West'' is an American Western (genre), Western, spy film, spy, and science fiction on television, science fiction television series that ran on the CBS television network for four seasons from September 17, 1965, to April 11, 19 ...

'' – as Dr. Arcularis in "The Night of the Howling Light" (episode # 1.14) December 17, 1965 *''

Gunsmoke ''Gunsmoke'' is an American radio and television Western drama series created by director Norman Macdonnell and writer John Meston. It centered on Dodge City, Kansas, in the 1870s, during the settlement of the American West. The central charact ...

'' – as Asa Longworth in "Parson Comes to Town" (episode # 11.31) April 30, 1966 *'' Run for Your Life'' – as Major Joe Rankin in two episodes *'' The Baron'' – as Sefton Folkard in "You Can't Win Them All" (episode # 1.19) February 1, 1967 *'' Judd for the Defense'' – as Shelly Gould in "The Gates of Cerberus" (episode # 2.8) November 15, 1968 *''

Thirty-Minute Theatre ''Thirty-Minute Theatre'' was a British anthology drama series of short plays shown on BBC Television between 1965 and 1973, which was used in part at least as a training ground for new writers, on account of its short running length, and which ...

'' in "A Wen" (episode # 1.233) December 27, 1971 *'' Rafferty'' – as Hollander in "Rafferty" (Pilot) (episode # 1.1) September 5, 1977 *'' Return of the Saint'' – as Domenico in "Dragonseed" (episode # 1.22) February 25, 1979

Director

*'' The Defenders'' (TV series) – episode "Eyewitness" (1965) *''

Court Martial A court-martial (plural ''courts-martial'' or ''courts martial'', as "martial" is a postpositive adjective) is a military court or a trial conducted in such a court. A court-martial is empowered to determine the guilt of members of the mili ...

'' (TV series) – episode "The Bitter Wind" (1966) *''

Hawk Hawks are birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. They are very widely distributed and are found on all continents, except Antarctica. The subfamily Accipitrinae includes goshawks, sparrowhawks, sharp-shinned hawks, and others. This ...

'' (TV series) – episodes "Do Not Mutilate or Spindle", "Game with a Dead End" and "How Close Can You Get?" (1966) *'' Cimarron Strip'' (TV series) – episode "Broken Wing" (1967) *'' Custer'' (TV series) – episode "Sabers in the Sun" (1967) *'' Dundee and the Culhane'' (TV series) – episode "The Jubilee Raid Brief" (1967) *'' Coronet Blue'' (TV series) – episodes "The Rebels", "Man Running", "Saturday" and "The Presence of Evil" (1967) *''

'' (TV series) – episode "The High Riders" (1968) *''

Premiere A premiere, also spelled première, (from , ) is the debut (first public presentation) of a work, i.e. play, film, dance, musical composition, or even a performer in that work. History Raymond F. Betts attributes the introduction of the ...

'' (TV series) – episode "Lassiter" (1968) *''

The Champions ''The Champions'' is a British espionage thriller/science fiction/occult detective fiction adventure television series. It was produced by Lew Grade's ITC Entertainment production company, and consists of 30 episodes broadcast in the UK on ...

'' (TV series) – episode "To Trap A Rat" (1968) *'' The File of the Golden Goose'' (1969) *'' The Executioner'' (1970) *'' Catlow'' (1971) *'' Sinbad and the Eye of the Tiger'' (1977) *'' Columbo: The Bye-Bye Sky High IQ Murder Case'' (1977) (TV) *'' David Cassidy - Man Undercover'' (TV series) – episode "Cage of Steel" (1978) *'' Hart to Hart'' (TV series) – episode "Death in the Slow Lane" (1979) *'' Return of the Saint'' (TV series) – episode "Vicious Circle" (1979) *''Mrs. Columbo'' aka '' Kate Loves a Mystery'' (TV series) – episodes "A Puzzle for Prophets" and "Falling Star" (1979) *'' The Killing of Randy Webster'' (1981) (TV) *'' Columbo: Grand Deceptions'' (1989) (TV)

Notes

References

External links

* * *, video
Interview with Sam Wanamaker
September 18, 1992 ostly about directing opera {{DEFAULTSORT:Wanamaker, Sam 1919 births 1993 deaths Male actors from Chicago American emigrants to England American expatriates in England Film directors from Illinois American male film actors American male radio actors American male stage actors American theatre directors Burials at Southwark Cathedral Drake University alumni Jewish American male actors American male Shakespearean actors Laurence Olivier Award winners Hollywood blacklist Jewish socialists 20th-century American male actors American people of Russian-Jewish descent Honorary commanders of the Order of the British Empire Deaths from lung cancer in England