Saʿīd ibn Zayd (; 593-671), also known by his '' kunya'' Abūʾl-Aʿwar, was a companion of the Islamic prophet

Muhammad Muhammad (8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious and political leader and the founder of Islam. Muhammad in Islam, According to Islam, he was a prophet who was divinely inspired to preach and confirm the tawhid, monotheistic teachings of A ...

and a brother-in-law of

Umar Umar ibn al-Khattab (; ), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () and is regarded as a senior companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Mu ...

. Sa'id has been described as a tall, hairy, dark-skinned man.

Conversion to Islam

Sa'id became a Muslim not later than 614.Hughes, T. P. (1885/1999). "Sa'id ibn Zaid" in ''Dictionary of Islam'', p. 555. New Delhi. His wife Fatima was also an early convert. At first they kept their faith secret because Fatima's brother Umar was a prominent persecutor of Muslims. Khabbab ibn al-Aratt often visited their house and read the

Qur'an The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God ('' Allāh''). It is organized in 114 chapters (, ) which consist of individual verses ('). Besides ...

to Fatima. One day Umar entered their house while Khabbab was reading and demanded to know what the "balderdash" was. When they denied that anything had been read, Umar seized Sa'id and knocked him to the floor. Fatima stood up to defend her husband, and Umar hit her so hard that she bled. The couple admitted that they were Muslims. At the sight of the blood, Umar was sorry for what he had done, and asked to see what they had been reading. It was ''

Ta-Ha Ṭā Hā (; ) is the 20th chapter (''sūrah'') of the Qur'an with 135 verses ('' āyāt''). It is named "Ṭā Hā" because the chapter starts with the Arabic ''ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿāt'' (disjoined letters): (Ṭāhā) which is widely ...

'', later to become the twentieth ''

Surah A ''surah'' (; ; ) is an Arabic word meaning 'chapter' in the Quran. There are 114 ''suwar'' in the Quran, each divided into ayah, verses (). The ''suwar'' are of unequal length; the shortest ''surah'' (al-Kawthar) has only three verses, while ...

'' of the Qur'an. Impressed by the beauty of the words, Umar decided to become a Muslim.

Emigration to Medina

Sa'id joined the general

emigration Emigration is the act of leaving a resident country or place of residence with the intent to settle elsewhere (to permanently leave a country). Conversely, immigration describes the movement of people into one country from another (to permanentl ...

Medina Medina, officially al-Madinah al-Munawwarah (, ), also known as Taybah () and known in pre-Islamic times as Yathrib (), is the capital of Medina Province (Saudi Arabia), Medina Province in the Hejaz region of western Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, ...

in 622 and at first lodged in the house of Rifa'a ibn Abdul-Mundhir. He was made the brother in Islam of Rafi ibn Malik of the Zurayq clan; but an alternative tradition names his brother in Islam as Talha ibn Ubaydallah. Sa'id and Talha missed the

Battle of Badr The Battle of Badr or sometimes called The Raid of Badr ( ; ''Ghazwahu Badr''), also referred to as The Day of the Criterion (, ; ''Yawm al-Furqan'') in the Qur'an and by Muslims, was fought on 13 March 624 CE (17 Ramadan, 2 AH), near the pre ...

because Muhammad sent them ahead as scouts to report on the movements of Abu Sufyan's caravan. When they heard that they had missed the caravan, they returned to Medina, only to find that Muhammad and his army had already reached Badr. They set out for Badr and met the returning victorious army at Turban. However, Muhammad gave them a share of the ''Maal-e-Ganimat'' (spoils of war) as if they had participated in the war. Sa'id participated in all the other battles in which Muhammad personally fought. He served as Muhammad's secretary and recorded the verses of the Quran.

During the time of the Caliphs

In the time of

Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan Mu'awiya I (–April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, ruling from 661 until his death. He became caliph less than thirty years after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and immediately after the four Rashid ...

(r. 661–680) he was Governor of

Kufa Kufa ( ), also spelled Kufah, is a city in Iraq, about south of Baghdad, and northeast of Najaf. It is located on the banks of the Euphrates, Euphrates River. The estimated population in 2003 was 110,000. Along with Samarra, Karbala, Kadhimiya ...

Death

He died in 671 CE (51 AH) during the reign of Muawiya at al-Aqiq. His body was carried back to Medina and buried there by

Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas ibn Wuhayb al-Zuhri () was an Arab Muslim commander. He was the founder of Kufa and served as its governor under Umar ibn al-Khattab. He played a leading role in the Muslim conquest of Persia and was a close companion of the ...

and Abdullah ibn Umar. Sa'id said that Muhammad once guaranteed

Paradise In religion and folklore, paradise is a place of everlasting happiness, delight, and bliss. Paradisiacal notions are often laden with pastoral imagery, and may be cosmogonical, eschatological, or both, often contrasted with the miseries of human ...

to ten men who were then present and named nine of them. Then he hinted that the tenth man had been himself. This story of

the ten to whom Paradise was promised The ten to whom Paradise was promised (Arabic: or ) were ten early Muslims to whom, according to Sunni Islamic tradition, the Islamic prophet Muhammad () had promised Paradise. Several different lists of names exist, but most of them contain the ...

was corroborated by another of the Ten,

Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAwf (; born ʿAbd Amr ibn ʿAwf; ) was one of the companions of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad. One of the wealthiest among the companions, he is known for being one of the ten to whom Paradise was promised. Background ...

.Tirmidhi 46:3747.
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Family

He was the son of

Zayd bin Amr Zayd ibn Amr ibn Nufayl (died 605) was a monotheist and poet who lived in Mecca shortly before Islam. Family He was the son of Amr ibn Nufayl, a member of the Adi clan of the Quraysh tribe.Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 3. ...

, from the

Adi Adi or ADI may refer to: Abbreviations * Acceptable daily intake, in health and medicine * Acting detective inspector, a type of police inspector * Africa Development Indicators, a compilation of data assembled by the World Bank * Alternating ...

clan of the

Quraysh The Quraysh () are an Tribes of Arabia, Arab tribe who controlled Mecca before the rise of Islam. Their members were divided into ten main clans, most notably including the Banu Hashim, into which Islam's founding prophet Muhammad was born. By ...

Mecca Mecca, officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia; it is the Holiest sites in Islam, holiest city in Islam. It is inland from Jeddah on the Red Sea, in a narrow valley above ...

, and of Fatima bint Ba'ja of the Khuza'a tribe.Muhammad ibn Saad. ''Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir'' vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, A. (2013). ''The Companions of Badr''. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. His father was murdered in 605.Muhammad ibn Ishaq. ''Sirat Rasul Alalh''. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). ''The Life of Muhammad''. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Wives and children

Sa'id had over thirty children by at least eleven different women. # Fatimah bint al-Khattab, also known as Ramla or as Umm Jamil, who was his cousin and a sister of

, the second

Caliph A caliphate ( ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with Khalifa, the title of caliph (; , ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of ...

. ## Abdulrahman ''the Elder'', who left no male-line descendants. # Julaysa bint Suwayd. ## Zayd, who left no male-line descendants. ## Abdullah ''the Elder'', who left no male-line descendants. ## Atiqa. # Umama bint al-Dujayj of the Ghassan tribe. ## Abdulrahman ''the Younger'', who left no male-line descendants. ## Umar ''the Younger'', who left no male-line descendants. ## Umm Musa. ## Umm al-Hasan. # Hamza bint Qays of the Muharib ibn Fihr clan of the Quraysh. ## Muhammad. ## Ibrahim ''the Younger''. ## Abdullah ''the Younger.''. ## Umm Habib ''the Elder''. ## Umm al-Hasan ''the Younger''. ## Umm Zayd ''the Elder''. ## Umm Salama. ## Umm Habib ''the Younger''. ## Umm Sa'id ''the Elder'', who died in her father's lifetime. ## Umm Zayd. # Umm al-Aswad from the

Taghlib The Banu Taghlib (), also known as Taghlib ibn Wa'il, were an Arab tribe that originated in Jazira. Their parent tribe was the Rabi'a, and they thus traced their descent to the Adnanites. The Taghlib were among the most powerful and cohesive no ...

tribe. ## Amr ''the Younger''. ## al-Aswad. # Dumkh bint al-Asbagh of the Kalb tribe. ## Amr ''the Elder''. ## Talha, who died in his father's lifetime and who left no male-line descendants. ## Zujla. # Bint Qurba, also of the Taghlib tribe. ## Ibrahim. ## Hafsa # Umm Khalid, a concubine. ## Khalid. ## Umm Khalid, who died in her father's lifetime. ## Umm al-Numan. # Umm Bashir bint Abi Mas'ud ''al-Ansari''. ## Umm Zayd ''the Elder''. # A woman from the

Tayy The Tayy (/ALA-LC: ''Ṭayyi’''; Musnad: 𐩷𐩺), also known as Ṭayyi, Tayyaye, or Taiyaye, are a large and ancient Arab tribe, among whose descendants today are the tribes of Bani Sakher and Shammar. The '' nisba'' (patronymic) of Tayy i ...

tribe. ## Umm Zayd ''the Younger'', wife of al-Mukhtar ibn Abi Ubayd. # Another Concubine. ## Aisha. ## Zaynab. ## Umm Abdul-Hawla. ## Umm Salih.

References

External links

Biodata at MuslimScholars.info
* https://web.archive.org/web/20061201214811/http://www.youngmuslims.ca/online_library/companions_of_the_prophet/SaidZayd.html * http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Articles/companion/02_abu_bakr.htm {{DEFAULTSORT:Zayd, Said 671 deaths 593 births Banu Adi Sahabah hadith narrators