The Röschenschanze is a former
schanze in
Bad Peterstal-Griesbach
Bad Peterstal-Griesbach ( gsw, label= Low Alemannic, Bad Petersdal-Griesbach) is a municipality in the district of Ortenau in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
Matthias Erzberger was murdered here on August 26, 1921, for signing the 1918 Armistice ...
in the
Black Forest
The Black Forest (german: Schwarzwald ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is ...
in Southern
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwee ...
.
It is located on the L 402, the "Oppenauer Steige", which branches off from the B 500 (
Black Forest High Road). Another redoubt which is geographically close to the Röschenschanze is the
Schwedenschanze (Zuflucht)
The Schwedenschanze (Zuflucht) is a former schanze in Bad Peterstal-Griesbach in the Black Forest in Southern Germany.
It is located on the L 402, the "Oppenauer Steige", which branches off from the B 500 ( Black Forest High Road). Another redou ...
.
Etymology
The schanze is named after the
Württemberg
Württemberg ( ; ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart.
Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Württ ...
Major
Major ( commandant in certain jurisdictions) is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicato ...
(1743–1841). Rösch became known in particular for his teaching activities at the military plant school and for the construction of the Röschenschanze.
The Röschenschanze is also known as ''Schwabenschanze'' (literally '
Swabia
Swabia ; german: Schwaben , colloquially ''Schwabenland'' or ''Ländle''; archaic English also Suabia or Svebia is a cultural, historic and linguistic region in southwestern Germany.
The name is ultimately derived from the medieval Duchy of ...
n redoubt').
History
The Röschenschanze was created as part of the coalition wars of the German princes against France. It was supposed to stop the French troops coming from the
Rench
The Rench is a right-hand tributary of the Rhine in the Ortenau ( Central Baden, Germany). It rises on the southern edge of the Northern Black Forest at Kniebis near Bad Griesbach im Schwarzwald. The source farthest from the mouth is that of the ...
tal under
General Moreau.
In 1794, Rösch was entrusted with the construction of a
hexagon
In geometry, a hexagon (from Greek , , meaning "six", and , , meaning "corner, angle") is a six-sided polygon. The total of the internal angles of any simple (non-self-intersecting) hexagon is 720°.
Regular hexagon
A '' regular hexagon'' has ...
al star-shaped
schanze with six bulwarks to defend the Württemberg state border. The Röschenschanze consisted of star-shaped piled earth walls behind which the defenders camped.
At the time when it was not completely finished, a local farmer's boy led the French troops over the Oppenauer Steige to the Röschenschanze, so that it was stormed by
Napoleon
Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader wh ...
's troops in 1796 and taken almost without a fight.
See also
*
Redoubt
A redoubt (historically redout) is a fort or fort system usually consisting of an enclosed defensive emplacement outside a larger fort, usually relying on earthworks, although some are constructed of stone or brick. It is meant to protect soldi ...
*
Schanze
*
Schwedenschanze (Zuflucht)
The Schwedenschanze (Zuflucht) is a former schanze in Bad Peterstal-Griesbach in the Black Forest in Southern Germany.
It is located on the L 402, the "Oppenauer Steige", which branches off from the B 500 ( Black Forest High Road). Another redou ...
References
{{Reflist
External links
Relief map of the Schwedenschanze
Black Forest
Hill forts in Germany