''Rytigynia'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...
of
flowering plant
Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants t ...
s in the
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Rubiaceae
The Rubiaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the coffee, madder, or bedstraw family. It consists of terrestrial trees, shrubs, lianas, or herbs that are recognizable by simple, opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules a ...
. It is found in tropical and southern Africa. The genera ''Rytigynia'' and ''
Fadogia'' form a
strongly supported clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English ter ...
but neither of these genera is
monophyletic
In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic gr ...
.
Distribution
''Rytigynia'' is found in
Tropical Africa. ''
R. senegalensis'' and ''
R. umbellulata'' are the two most widespread species and they are found from
Senegal
Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 ...
to
Sudan
Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السودان, link=no, Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. It shares borders with the Central African Republic t ...
to
Botswana
Botswana (, ), officially the Republic of Botswana ( tn, Lefatshe la Botswana, label= Setswana, ), is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. Botswana is topographically flat, with approximately 70 percent of its territory being the Kal ...
. ''
R. celastroides'' has the southernmost distribution and occurs as far south as
KwaZulu-Natal
KwaZulu-Natal (, also referred to as KZN and known as "the garden province") is a province of South Africa that was created in 1994 when the Zulu bantustan of KwaZulu ("Place of the Zulu" in Zulu) and Natal Province were merged. It is loca ...
. However, most species are more restricted in distribution area and they are often found in either West or East Africa. Half of the species is even endemic to one country. One-third of all ''Rytigynia'' species is found in
Tanzania
Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands ...
, and many of them are endemics.
Bacterial leaf symbiosis
Endophytic bacteria are housed in the intercellular space of the leaf
mesophyll tissue. The presence of these bacteria can only be microscopically ascertained. The bacteria are identified as ''
Burkholderia'', which is a genus that is also found in the leaves of other Rubiaceae species.
The hypothesis is that these endophytic bacteria provide chemical protection against insect herbivory.
Species
* ''
Rytigynia acuminatissima''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia adenodonta''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia argentea''
(Wernham) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia bagshawei''
( S.Moore) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia beniensis''
( De Wild.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia binata''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia bomiliensis''
( De Wild.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia bridsoniae''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia bugoyensis''
(K.Krause) Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia canthioides''
(Benth.
George Bentham (22 September 1800 – 10 September 1884) was an English botanist, described by the weed botanist Duane Isely as "the premier systematic botanist of the nineteenth century". Born into a distinguished family, he initially studie ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia caudatissima''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia celastroides''
(Baill.
Henri Ernest Baillon was a French botanist and physician. He was born in Calais on 30 November 1827 and died in Paris on 19 July 1895.
Baillon spent his professional life as a professor of natural history, and he published numerous works on b ...
) Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia claessensii''
( De Wild.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia claviflora''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia congesta''
(K.Krause) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia constricta''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia dasyothamnus''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia decussata''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia demeusei''
( De Wild.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia dewevrei''
( De Wild. & T.Durand) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia dichasialis''
Lantz & Gereau
* ''
Rytigynia dubiosa''
( De Wild.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia eickii''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
& K.Krause) Bullock
* ''
Rytigynia erythroxyloides''
(Baill.
Henri Ernest Baillon was a French botanist and physician. He was born in Calais on 30 November 1827 and died in Paris on 19 July 1895.
Baillon spent his professional life as a professor of natural history, and he published numerous works on b ...
) A.P.Davis & Govaerst
* ''
Rytigynia ferruginea''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia flavida''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia glabrifolia''
( De Wild.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia gossweileri''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia gracilipetiolata''
( De Wild.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia griseovelutina''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia hirsutiflora''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia humbertii''
Cavaco
* ''
Rytigynia ignobilis''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia kigeziensis''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia kiwuensis''
( K.Krause) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia krauseana''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia laurentii''
( De Wild.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia lecomtei''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia leonensis''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia lewisii''
Tennant
* ''
Rytigynia liberica''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia lichenoxenos''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia longicaudata''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia longipedicellata''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia longituba''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia macrostipulata''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia macrura''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia madagascariensis''
Homolle ex Cavaco
* ''
Rytigynia mayumbensis''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia membranacea''
( Hiern) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia monantha''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia mrimaensis''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia mutabilis''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia neglecta''
( Hiern) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia nigerica''
( S.Moore) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia nodulosa''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia obscura''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia orbicularis''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia parvifolia''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia pauciflora''
( Schweinf. ex Hiern) R.D.Good
* ''
Rytigynia pawekiae''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia pergracilis''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia pseudolongicaudata''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia pubescens''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia rhamnoides''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia rubiginosa''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia rubra''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia ruwenzoriensis''
( De Wild.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia saliensis''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia sambavensis''
Cavaco
* ''
Rytigynia senegalensis''
Blume
* ''
Rytigynia setosa''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia seyrigii''
Cavaco
* ''
Rytigynia squamata''
( De Wild.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia stolzii''
Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia subbiflora''
(Mildbr.) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia syringifolia''
(Baker
A baker is a tradesperson who baking, bakes and sometimes Sales, sells breads and other products made of flour by using an oven or other concentrated heat source. The place where a baker works is called a bakery.
History
Ancient history
Si ...
) A.P.Davis & Govaerts
* ''
Rytigynia torrei''
Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia uhligii''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
& K.Krause) Verdc.
* ''
Rytigynia umbellulata''
( Hiern) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia verruculosa''
(K.Krause) Robyns
* ''
Rytigynia xanthotricha''
(K.Schum.
Karl Moritz Schumann (17 June 1851 – 22 March 1904) was a German botanist.
Schumann was born in Görlitz. He was curator of the Botanisches Museum in Berlin-Dahlem from 1880 until 1894. He also served as the first chairman of the ''Deutsc ...
) Verdc.
References
External links
''Rytigynia'' in the World Checklist of Rubiaceae''Rytigynia''A
Index Nominum GenericorumAt
At
{{Taxonbar, from=Q7385460
Flora of Africa
Rubiaceae genera
Vanguerieae
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot