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Russian federal highways ( rus, автомобильные дороги федерального значения Российской Федерации, r=avtomobil’nyye dorogi federal’nogo znacheniya Rossiyskoy Federatsii; lit. ''
highway A highway is any public or private road or other public way on land. It is used for major roads, but also includes other public roads and public tracks. In some areas of the United States, it is used as an equivalent term to controlled-acces ...
s of federal importance of the
Russian Federation Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
'') are the most important highways in Russia that are federal property. The following motorways are designated as federal. A Russian decree of December 24 1991 about the list of federal highways
( RSFSR), with subsequent amendments by the
Russian Federation Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...
(Постановление Правительства РСФСР от 24 декабря 1991 г. N 62 "Об утверждении перечней федеральных дорог в РСФСР"
*All highways ** that connect
Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 millio ...
with the capitals of the neighbouring countries and with the administrative centres of the subjects of the Russian Federation. They are identified by the prefix "M" in the national route signs; ** that are parts of the international road networks: European and Asian, identified by prefixes "E" and "AH" in the international route signs used simultaneously with the national route signs. *Some highways **that connect administrative centers of the subjects of the Russian Federation with each other (national route sign prefix "P," which is the Cyrillic "R") **that are branching and bridging roads (national prefix "A"): ***
access road A frontage road (also known as an access road, outer road, service road, feeder road, or parallel road) is a local road running parallel to a higher-speed, limited-access road. A frontage road is often used to provide access to private drivew ...
s that lead to major transportation nodes and special objects ***
access road A frontage road (also known as an access road, outer road, service road, feeder road, or parallel road) is a local road running parallel to a higher-speed, limited-access road. A frontage road is often used to provide access to private drivew ...
s from the administrative centers of the subjects of the Russian Federation which has no highway connection with Moscow to the nearest sea and river ports and to the international borders. ***which interlink other federal highways. The federal highways are classified in Russia into two categories: *"motorways/Avtomagistral" (russian: магистральная автомобильная дорога, автомагистраль), not the same as the English term
motorway A controlled-access highway is a type of highway that has been designed for high-speed vehicular traffic, with all traffic flow—ingress and egress—regulated. Common English terms are freeway, motorway and expressway. Other similar terms i ...
*"other".


Roads of regional and intermunicipal importance

The local importance roads in Russia are designated with a letter prefix and a number as well as the
OKATO Russian Classification on Objects of Administrative DivisionThe English name of the document is given per the English title included on the document's first page. (russian: Общеросси́йский классифика́тор объе́кт ...
(Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления, ''Russian classification on objects of administrative division'') code for the region. These roads use the following prefixes: * P: Highways of federal or regional significance connecting the administrative centers of the Russian Federation * A: Highways that are branching and bridging roads: ** access roads that lead to major transportation nodes and special objects ** access roads from the administrative centers of the subjects of the Russian Federation which has no highway connection with Moscow to the nearest sea and river ports and to the international borders ** which interlink other federal highways * K: for other roads of regional importance * N: for roads of intermunicipal significance


Network map


Federal highways


Former routes

*A-100 "Mozhayskoe Road": Moscow to route R90 *A-102: Moscow - Lyubertsy - Zhukovsky - Ramenskoye *A-113: Kostroma - Ivanovo; redesignated as R600 *A-122 "Vyborg Highway": Pargolovo - Ogonki; downgraded to 41A-180 in 2020 *A-131: Access roads from route A130 to "Arkhangelsk" holiday resort, "Voskresenskoe" household plot and "Desna" sanatorium and holiday resort; designation cancelled in 2013 and transferred to state ownership *A-138: Murmansk - Sputnik - Pechenga, became a portion of M18 (now R21) in 2003 *A-144: Kursk - Voronezh - Borisoglebsk to route M6; redesignated as R298 and R22 in 2018 *A-148: Route M27 to Krasnaya Polyana; redesignated as A149 *A-154: Astrakhan - Elista - Stavropol; redesignated as R216 in 2018 *A-156: Lermontov - Cherkessk; redesignated as A165 in 2018 *A-164: Kultuk - Mondy to the border with Mongolia; redesignated as A333 in 2010 *A-165: Route R297 (Ulan-Ude) - Kyakhta to the border with Mongolia; redesignated as A340 in 2018 *A-166: Chita-Zabaikalsk to the border with the People's Republic of China; redesignated as A350 in 2018 *A-181: Route A370 – Rudnaya Pristan; redesignated as 05N-100 in 2018 *A-182: Route A370 - Khorol' - Kamen'-Rybolov - Turiy Rog *A-183: Route A370 - Yaroslavsky - Zharikovo - Kommissarovo *A-184: Ussuriysk - Galenki - Lipovtsy to the border with the People's Republic of China *A-188: Uglovoye - Artem - Fokino - Nakhodka *A-189: Route A370 - Razdolnoe - Barabash - Kraskino - Hasan, border crossing into North Korea *A-332: Irkutsk - Ust-Ordynskiy; former 1R-418, designation cancelled in 2012 *A-349: Barnaul - Rubtsovsk to the border with Kazakhstan (on to Semipalatinsk); redesignated as A322 *A-381: Naryan-Mar - Naryan-Mar Airport; designation cancelled in 2022 *A-382: Dudinka - Norilsk (Alykel Airport); designation cancelled in 2019 *A-383: Tura - Tura Airport (Gornyy); designation cancelled in 2019 *A-385: Ust'-Palana - Palana Airport; designation cancelled in 2011 and transferred to state ownership *A-393: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Okha; downgraded to 64N-1


Regional routes

Cyrillic Р is used on signs. *R-1: Brin-Navolok - Mirnyy - Kargopol' - Pesok - Prokshino; downgraded to 11P-001 *R-2: Dolmatovo - Nyandoma - Kargopol' *R-5: Vologda - Vitegra - Pudozh - Medvezhyegorsk, redesignated as A119 *R-6: Cherepovets - Belozyorsk - Lipin Bor *R-7: Chekshino - Tot'ma - Nikolsk *R-8: Ustyuzhna - Valdai *R-10: Pechenga to the border with Norway; became a portion of M18 (now R21) in 2003 *R-12 "Lotta": Murmansk to the border with Finland; downgraded to 47A-059 in 2018 *R-15: *R-16: *R-17: *R-18: Byelomorsk to route R21 "Kola" *R-19: Petrozavodsk - Voznesen'ye *R-20: Route A17 - Dzhankoy to the border with Ukraine *R-25: Syktyvkar - Yemva -
Ukhta Ukhta (russian: Ухта́; kv, Уква, ''Ukva'') is an important industrial town in the Komi Republic of Russia. Population: It was previously known as ''Chibyu'' (until 1939). History Oil springs along the Ukhta River were already known i ...
*R-26: *R-27: *R-28: *R-33: *R-34: *R-35: Saint Petersburg - Keikino; downgraded to 41K-008 *R-36: *R-37 "Lodeynoye Pole - Brin-Navolok": Lodeynoye Pole - Vytegra; upgraded to A215 in 2018 *R-38: *R-39: *R-40: *R-41: *R-42: *R-47: *R-48: *R-49: *R-50: *R-51: *R-52: *R-53: *R-57: *R-58: *R-59: *R-60: *R-61: *R-62: *R-63: *R-68: *R-71: *R-72: Vladimir - Murom - Arzamas *R-73: *R-74: *R-75: *R-76: *R-79: *R-80: *R-81: Kineshma - Elnat - Yuryevets - Puchezh - Tchkalovsk *R-84: Tver - Bezhetsk - Krasnyy Kholm - Vesegonsk - Ustyuzhna *R-85: Vishny Volochek - Maksatikha - Bezhetsk - Sonkovo *R-87: Rzhev - Selizharovo - Ostashkov *P-88: *R-89: Ostashkov - Volgoverkhovye *P-90: Route M1 "Belarus" - Tver *R-93: Medyn - Kondrovo - Kaluga *P-94: *P-95: *P-96: *R-98: Kostroma - Sudislavl' - Makar'yev - Manturovo - Georgiyevskoye - Verkhnespasskoye *P-99: *R-100: Sudislavl - Galich - Chuhloma - Soligalich *R-101: *R-104: Sergiev Posad - Kalyazin - Uglich - Myshkin - Poshekhon'ye - Rybinsk - Cherepovets *R-105 "Kasimovskoye Highway": Moscow - Kasimovo *R-106: *R-107: *R-108: *R-109: *R-110 "Fryanovskoe Highway": Schelkovo - Fryanovo *R-111 "Pyatnitskoye Highway": Moscow - Solnechogorsk *R-112: Dmitrov - Taldom - Tempi *R-113 "Rogachev Highway": Krasnaya Gorka - Lobnya - Kamenka - Fedorovka - Rogachevo *R-114: *R-115: *R-116: *R-123: *R-124: Shatsk - Sasovo - Pitelino - Kasimov; downgraded to 61K-012 *R-125: Nizhny Novgorod - Ryazhsk *R-126: *R-127: *R-130: *R-133: *R-134: Smolensk - Vyaz'ma - Zubtsov *R-135: *R-136: *R-137: *R-139: Belyov - Odoyev - Tula *R-140: *R-141: *R-142: *R-143: *R-144: *R-145: *R-146: *R-147: *R-148: *R-151: Yaroslavl - Rybinsk *R-152: Rostov - Ivanovo - Shuya - Nizhny Novgorod * R-156: Nizhny Novgorod, Arzamas-Saransk *R-157: Uren - Shar'ya - Nikolsk - Veliky Ustyug - Kotlas *R-159: Nizhny Novgorod - Krasnyye Baki - Shakhun'ya - Yaransk *R-160: *R-161: *R-162: Rabotki - Poretskoe *R-166: *R-167: *R-168: *R-169: *R-172: *R-173: *R-174: *1R-175: Yoshkar-Ola - Zelenodolsk to route M7; redesignated as A295 in 2018 *R-179: *R-180: Saransk to route M5 *R-185: *R-186: *R-187: *R-188: Stary Oskol - New Oskol *R-189: *R-190: *R-191: *R-194: Route A144 to Ostrogozhsk - Rossosh - Kantemirovka *R-195: *R-196: Route R194 to Podgorensky to route M4 *R-199: *R-200: Ukrainian border near Gogolivka - Sudzha - Semenikhivka; extra unregistered portion from Semenikhivka to
Kursk Kursk ( rus, Курск, p=ˈkursk) is a city and the administrative center of Kursk Oblast, Russia, located at the confluence of the Kur, Tuskar, and Seym rivers. The area around Kursk was the site of a turning point in the Soviet–German stru ...
at
European route E105 E105 is part of the International E-road network, which is a series of main roads in Europe. It is a north–south reference road, meaning it crosses Europe from north to south and other E-road numbers have been calculated based on these referenc ...
and European route E38 *R-203: *R-204: *R-205: *1R-209: Kirsanov - Penza; became a portion of R208 *R-214: *R-216: Astrakhan - Liman; became a portion of R215 *R-219: *R-220: *R-221: Volgograd - Elista *R-224: Samara - Busuluk - Orenburg *R-225: Samara - Buguruslan *R-226: Samara - Engels - Volzhskiy *R-226: Samara - Saratov - Volgograd *R-227: Syzran - Shigony - Usolye *R-231: *R-234: *R-235: *R-236: *R-246: Bugul'ma - Buguruslan - Busuluk to the border with Kazakhstan *R-253: Maikop - Labinsk - Korenovsk; redesignated as A160 *R-254: Maikop - Guzeripl’ - Caucasian state Biosphere Reserve; redesignated as A159 *R-262: *R-263: Neftekumsk - Zelenokumsk - Mineral’nye Vody; became a portion of A167 *R-264: *R-265: *R-285: Kochubey - Neftekumsk; became a portion of A167 *R-289: Prokhladnyy - Baksan; became a portion of A158 in 2018 *R-291: Kizlyar - Makhachkala; became a portion of R215 *R-291: Route M29 - Verkhnyaya Balkariya - Ushtulu; redesignated A154 *R-297: Alagir - Nizhniy Zaramag - South Ossetia; became a portion of A164 in 2018 *R-297: Vladikavkaz - Alagir; redesignated as A162 *R-298: Kardzhin - Alagir; became a portion of A164 in 2018 *R-301: Vladikavkaz - Nizhniy Lars to the border with Georgia, redesignated A161 in 2017 *R-301: Entrance to Vladikavkaz Airport *R-314: Ufa - Orenburg (including Ufa bypass); redesignated R240 in 2010 *R-316: Sterlitamak - Beloretsk - Magnitogorsk *R-317: Birsk - Tastuba - Satka *R-322: Izhevsk - Sarapul *R-330: Shadrinsk to route P254 "Irytsh" *1R-335: Orenburg - Ilek to the border with Kazakhstan (on to Uralsk); redesignated A305 in 2018 *R-336: Orenburg - Orsk *R-337: Sara - Yuldybaevo *1R-344: Nyvta - Kudymkar, redesignated A153 in 2018 *R-352: Yekaterinburg - Nizhny Tagil - Serov *R-355: Yekaterinburg - Polevskoy *R-380: Novosibirsk - Kamen-na-Obi - Barnaul *R-384: Novosibirsk - Zhuravlyovo - Leninsk-Kuznetsk - Kemerovo - Yurga *R-384-1: Leninsk-Kuznetsk - Novokuznetsk *R-400: Tomsk - Mariinsk *R-401: Tyumen - Roshino Airport *R-403: *R-408: *R-409 "Yeniseyskiy trakt": Krasnoyarsk - Eniseisk; downgraded to 04K-044 *R-410: *R-411: *R-412: *R-413: *R-418: Irkutsk - Ust-Ordynskiy; redesignated as A332 *R-419: Route M53 - Bratsk - Ust’-Kut - Mirnyy - Yakutsk; redesignated A331 in 2007 *R-420: *R-425: *R-426: *R-427: *R-428: *R-429: *R-430: *R-431: *R-436: Ulan-Ude - Romanivka - Chita; downgraded to 81P-002 and 76A-138 *R-437: Romanovka - Bagdarin *R-438 "Barguzinskiy trakt": Ulan-Ude - Kurumkan *R-439: *R-440 "Dzhidinskiy trakt": Gusinoozyorsk - Zakamensk *R-441: Mukhorshibir - Bichura - Kyakhta *R-442: *R-447: Nakhodka - Lazo - Kavalerovo; downgraded to 05N-131, upgraded to A375 *R-448: Lazo - Preobrazheniye *R-449: Route A370 to Lesozavodsk - Gornyye Klyuchi to route A370 *R-454: Khabarovsk - Komsomolsk-on-Amur; downgraded to 08A-1, upgraded to A376 in 2018 *R-455: Birobidzhan - Leninskoye - Dezhnevo *R-456: Birofeld - Amurzet *R-461: *R-463: *R-464: *R-465: *R-466: *R-467: *R-468: *R-469: *R-474: *R-475: *R-481: *R-482: *R-487: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Okha *1R-488: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Korsakov; redesignated A391 in 2018 *R-489: *R-490: *R-491: *R-492: *R-493: *R-495: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Kholmsk; redesignated A392 *R-501: *R-502: *R-503: *R-508: *R-509: *R-510: *R-511: *R-512: *R-513: *R-514: *R-515: *R-516: *R-517: *R-600: Kostroma - Ivanovo; former A113 *-: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Kholmsk
Access road A frontage road (also known as an access road, outer road, service road, feeder road, or parallel road) is a local road running parallel to a higher-speed, limited-access road. A frontage road is often used to provide access to private drivew ...
s to ports, airports and railroad stations from cities
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky ( rus, Петропавловск-Камчатский, a=Петропавловск-Камчатский.ogg, p=pʲɪtrɐˈpavləfsk kɐmˈtɕatskʲɪj) is a city and the administrative, industrial, scientific, and cultu ...
, Anadyr,
Dudinka Dudinka (russian: Дуди́нка; Nenets: Тут'ын, ''Tutꜧyn'') is a town on the Yenisei River and the administrative center of Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It used to be the administrative center of Ta ...
,
Naryan-Mar Naryan-Mar (russian: Нарья́н-Мар; Nenets: Няръянa марˮ, ''Njarjana marꜧ'', literally "red town") is a sea and river port town and the administrative center of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. The town is situated on the r ...
,
Salekhard Salekhard (russian: Салеха́рд; Khanty: , ''Pułñawat''; yrk, Саляʼ харад, ''Saljaꜧ harad'') is a town in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia, serving as the okrug's administrative centre. It crosses the Arctic Circle, th ...
,
Khanty-Mansiysk Khanty-Mansiysk ( rus, Ха́нты-Манси́йск, Khánty-Mansíysk, lit. ''Khanty-Mansi Town''; Khanty: , ''Jomvoćś''; Mansi: , ''Abga'') is a city and the administrative center of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra, Russia. It stan ...
and from the
urban-type settlement Urban-type settlementrussian: посёлок городско́го ти́па, translit=posyolok gorodskogo tipa, abbreviated: russian: п.г.т., translit=p.g.t.; ua, селище міського типу, translit=selyshche mis'koho typu, ab ...
s of Palana and Tura.


Recent additions

*Ufa–Orenburg and the Ufa western bypass (published December 24, 2008, to be in force since January 1, 2010)


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Russian Federal Highways Roads in Russia