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The Royal Academy of Art (KABK, nl, Koninklijke Academie van Beeldende Kunsten) is an art and design academy in The Hague. Succeeding the ''Haagsche Teeken-Academie'' (part of the
Confrerie Pictura The Confrerie Pictura was a more or less academic club of artists founded in 1656 in The Hague (the Netherlands) by local art painters, who were unsatisfied by the Guild of Saint Luke there. History The guild of St. Luke in the Hague existed ...
), the academy was founded on 29 September 1682, making it the oldest in the Netherlands and one of the oldest in the world. The academy has been the training ground for a number of significant artists of the
Hague School The Hague School is a group of artists who lived and worked in The Hague between 1860 and 1890. Their work was heavily influenced by the realist painters of the French Barbizon school. The painters of the Hague school generally made use of relat ...
. It was part of the art movement of Dutch Impressionism and in the immediate vicinity of the II. Golden Age of Dutch painting. In the 19th century, however, training was still strongly oriented towards the classic curriculum. At the end of the 19th century, the academy had opened to Modernism, too.


History

The Royal Academy of Art The Hague, was founded on September 29, 1682 by
Willem Doudijns Willem Doudijns (1630–1697), was a Dutch Golden Age painter and engraver. Biography According to the RKD he learned to draw from Alexander le Petit, and he spent 12 years in Italy. He returned home in 1661, where he collaborated with Jan d ...
, Theodor van der Schuer, Daniel Mijtens the Younger, Robert Duval and
Augustinus Terwesten Augustinus Terwesten or Augustinus Terwesten the Elder (4 May 1649 in The Hague – 21 January 1711 in Berlin) was a Dutch painter, draughtsman, printmaker and art educator. He specialized in portraits, architectural and historical themes. He w ...
as the ''Haagsche Teeken-Academie'' (engl.: "The Hague Drawing Academy".) In the evening there were drawings classes and on Saturday the society debated about art. In the 18th century the Hague Academy was a thriving institution. The end of the 18th century were difficult times due to the absence of any financial support. The low point was around 1800, when the academy was working with less than ten students. Under William I of the Netherlands finally support returned and the old and important institute grew. In 1821 the drawing education was combined with the newly established School of Civil Engineering. After being housed in the Korenbeurs and Boterwaag in 1839, a new neoclassical building was designed by city architect Zeger Reyers (1790-1857), located at the Prinsessegracht. In the 19th century the artists Johannes Bosboom,
Isaac Israëls Isaac Lazarus Israëls (3 February 1865 – 7 October 1934) was a Dutch painter associated with the Amsterdam Impressionism movement. Biography The son of Jozef Israëls, one of the most respected painters of the Hague School, and Alei ...
,
Willem Maris Willem Maris (18 February 1844 – 10 October 1910) was a Dutch landscape painter of the Hague School. Biography He was born in The Hague. Willem was the third in a family of five children. His two brothers Jacob and Matthijs Maris preceded ...
, Jan Hendrik Weissenbruch and
George Hendrik Breitner George Hendrik Breitner (12 September 1857 – 5 June 1923) was a Dutch painter and photographer. An important figure in Amsterdam Impressionism, he is noted especially for his paintings of street scenes and harbours in a realistic style. He pa ...
were trained here. In 1937 on the site of the ancient temple completed a new academy building designed by J.H. Plantenga (1891–c. 1945), J.W.E. Buijs en J.B. Lürsen. In 1990 the Royal Academy merged with the
Royal Conservatory of The Hague The Royal Conservatoire ( nl, Koninklijk Conservatorium, KC) is a conservatoire in The Hague, providing higher education in music and dance. The conservatoire was founded by King William I in 1826, making it the oldest conservatoire in the Nether ...
into the "School of Visual Arts, Music and Dance". In 2010 the Dutch government elevated the joint institutions to "University of the Arts in The Hague". The two do also still go by their original names as well, to underline their individual identities. The academy every two years awards the Gerrit Noordzij Prize initial designs.


Buildings

After the year of 1821, she received more importance again, as the ''School voor Burgerlijke Bouwkunde'' was connected to it. Now she moved in the house of the ''Korenbeurs'' (Grain Exchange). This small building was very important for the future of this school. Later they moved to the ''Boterwaag'' (weighing house for butter). There wasn't enough light for the painting classes. Finally in the year 1839 the Academy got their own house at the ''Prinsessegracht'' - it was built by Zeger Reyers in the architectural style of the
Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (also spelled Neo-classicism) was a Western cultural movement in the decorative arts, decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that drew inspiration from the art and culture of classical antiquity. ...
. In the 20th-century the classes do grow and more place was needed. Thus from 1934-1937 the academy got a new building at Prinsessegracht 4. The new building has been built in the style of the Bauhaus.The flow of the Bauhaus at Dessau had great influence on the facade design of many public buildings in Europe.


Hague School

At the end of the 19th century witnessed the Hague art scene flourished, which was also very well known abroad as
Hague School The Hague School is a group of artists who lived and worked in The Hague between 1860 and 1890. Their work was heavily influenced by the realist painters of the French Barbizon school. The painters of the Hague school generally made use of relat ...
. Many well-known artists like Breitner, the brothers Maris (
Jacob Maris Jacob Hendricus Maris (August 25, 1837 – August 7, 1899) was a Dutch painter, who with his brothers Willem and Matthijs belonged to what has come to be known as the Hague School of painters. He was considered to be the most important and influe ...
and
Matthijs Maris Matthias Maris (17 August 1839 – 22 August 1917) was a Dutch painter, etcher and lithographer. He was also known as Matthijs Maris or Thijs. He initially belonged to the Hague School, like his two brothers, Jacob and Willem, but his later ...
) and Bosboom were trained in the academy. In the first half of the 20th century the academy has played a pioneering role in the Netherlands, too. Under Bauhaus- influence arose the new departments of photography and design. In that time the teachers of the
avant-garde The avant-garde (; In 'advance guard' or 'vanguard', literally 'fore-guard') is a person or work that is experimental, radical, or unorthodox with respect to art, culture, or society.John Picchione, The New Avant-garde in Italy: Theoretical D ...
such as Gerrit Kiljan (1881-1961), Paul Schuitema (1897-1973), Paul Citroen (1896-1983) and Cor Alon (1892-1967) dominated. The Academy expanded its curriculum as one of the first Dutch schools by teaching in the field of industrial design. In 1938 a new building erected on the site of the old house. The design was by the architectural firm ''Plantenga, Buijs & Lürsen''.


Modern times

In 1990, the Academy and the Royal Conservatory joined into the ''Academy of Fine Arts, Music and Dance'' (now ''University of the Arts The Hague''). In 2000, a general overhaul lead by architect ''Van Mourik Vermeulen'' was carried out, enlarging the campus. In 2001, a collaboration between
Leiden University Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; nl, Universiteit Leiden) is a public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. The university was founded as a Protestant university in 1575 by William, Prince of Orange, as a reward to the city of L ...
and the Royal Academy of Art resulted in the first formalised collaboration between a Dutch university and art institute. Royal Conservatory, KABK and
Leiden University Leiden University (abbreviated as ''LEI''; nl, Universiteit Leiden) is a public research university in Leiden, Netherlands. The university was founded as a Protestant university in 1575 by William, Prince of Orange, as a reward to the city of L ...
now offer joint degree programmes, including ones at doctoral level. The academy's focus on novel technologies and new media has resulted in state-of-the-art workshops, studios and departments such as ArtScience, Interactive/Media/Design and Non-Linear Narrative.


Faculty and emeriti faculty

* Peter Biľak * Erik van Blokland * Gert Dumbar *
Gijs Bakker Gijs Bakker (Amersfoort, 20 February 1942) is a Dutch jewellery and industrial-designer, educated at the Gerrit Rietveld Academie in Amsterdam, the Netherlands and the Konstfackskolan in Stockholm, Sweden. Bakker's designs cover jewellery, home ...
* Mitch Paone * Adam Broomberg * Oliver Chanarin * Rob Hornstra * Donald Weber *
Kees Bol Cornelis "Kees" Bol (September 21, 1916 – September 16, 2009) was a Dutch painter and art educator. His work was exhibited in art galleries and museums throughout the Netherlands, as well as in Paris. In 1950 Bol was awarded the Thérès ...
*
Jacobus Josephus Eeckhout Jacobus Josephus Eeckhout or Jacques Joseph EeckhoutJacobus Josephus Eeckhout
at the Netherlands Institute ...
* Marcel van Eeden * Gerrit Noordzij * Paul Schuitema *
Fred Smeijers Fred Smeijers (Eindhoven, 1961) is a Dutch type designer, researcher and writer, educated at the ArtEZ Hogeschool voor de Kunsten in Arnhem in the early 1980s. Smeijers is the creative director and co-founder of the typeface design and publish ...
* Nigel Thomson *
Sybren Valkema Sybren Valkema (1916–1996) was a Dutch glass artist and teacher, and founder of the European Studio Glass Movement, also known as VRIJ GLAS (Free Glass). Background and education Sybren Valkema was raised in an anthroposophic, artistic and pol ...


Notable alumni

* Johannes Bosboom *
Isaac Israëls Isaac Lazarus Israëls (3 February 1865 – 7 October 1934) was a Dutch painter associated with the Amsterdam Impressionism movement. Biography The son of Jozef Israëls, one of the most respected painters of the Hague School, and Alei ...
*
George Hendrik Breitner George Hendrik Breitner (12 September 1857 – 5 June 1923) was a Dutch painter and photographer. An important figure in Amsterdam Impressionism, he is noted especially for his paintings of street scenes and harbours in a realistic style. He pa ...
* Gert Dumbar * Charles Leickert * Tom Manders *
Jan Mankes Jan Mankes (15 August 1889 – 23 April 1920) was a Dutch painter. He produced around 200 paintings, 100 drawings and 50 prints before dying of tuberculosis at the age of 30. His restrained, detailed work ranged from self-portraits to landscapes a ...
*
Willem Maris Willem Maris (18 February 1844 – 10 October 1910) was a Dutch landscape painter of the Hague School. Biography He was born in The Hague. Willem was the third in a family of five children. His two brothers Jacob and Matthijs Maris preceded ...
*
Jacob Maris Jacob Hendricus Maris (August 25, 1837 – August 7, 1899) was a Dutch painter, who with his brothers Willem and Matthijs belonged to what has come to be known as the Hague School of painters. He was considered to be the most important and influe ...
*
Matthijs Maris Matthias Maris (17 August 1839 – 22 August 1917) was a Dutch painter, etcher and lithographer. He was also known as Matthijs Maris or Thijs. He initially belonged to the Hague School, like his two brothers, Jacob and Willem, but his later ...
* Charles Bolsius * Marcel van Eeden * Johanna van Eybergen *
Alida Jantina Pott Alida Jantina Pott (Groningen, January 8, 1888 - December 23, 1931) was a Dutch visual artist and member of the Groninger art collective De Ploeg. Career Alida Pott was born in Groningen in 1888. She was the daughter of Pieter Hendrik Pott (1 ...
* Dolly Rudeman *
Peter Alma Peter Alma (18 January 1886 Medan – 23 May 1969 Amsterdam) was a Dutch artist. Alma was born in Medan, Indonesia and attended the Royal Academy of Art, The Hague in 1904. On the recommendation of Franz Seiwert he was employed by the Gesellsc ...
* Kees Andrea * Jacob Jan van der Maaten * Pat Andrea * Joost Baljeu * Marius Bauer * Johfra * Joop Beljon * Lambert Lourijsen * Loek Bos * Rie Cramer *
Jan Cremer Jan Cremer (; born 20 April 1940, Enschede, Netherlands) is a Dutch author, photographer and painter. His best known work is the novel ' ("I, Jan Cremer"; 1964) and the sequel ''Ik, Jan Cremer, tweede boek'' ("I, Jan Cremer, second book"; 1966). ...
*
Toon Dupuis Antonius Stanislaus Nicolaas Ludovicus Dupuis (18 February 1877, Antwerp – 13 October 1937, The Hague) was a Dutch sculptor and medallist of Belgian origin. Dupuis was a lecturer at the Koninklijke Academie van Beeldende Kunsten in The Hague. ...
* Pierre Tetar van Elven *
Willem van Genk Willem van Genk (April 2, 1927 – May 12, 2005) was a Dutch painter and graphic artist, celebrated as one of the leading masters of Outsider Art. Throughout his life he lived with severe mental distress, experiencing symptoms related to autism an ...
*
Carli Hermès Carli Hermès (born 23 April 1963 in Schijndel) is a Dutch photographer and director. Carli Hermès studied photography at the Royal Academy of Art (The Hague) and The Arts Institute at Bournemouth in England. He became international known wit ...
* Karel Klinkenberg * Gerrit Noordzij * Yvonne Oerlemans * Nancy van Overveldt * Ootje Oxenaar * Ru Paré * Rahi Rezvani * Matthijs Röling *
Toer van Schayk Toer van Schayk (born 28 September 1936) is a Dutch ballet dancer, choreographer, scenic and costume designer, painter, and sculptor. Along with Rudi van Dantzig and Hans van Manen Hans Arthur Gerard van Manen (; born 11 July 1932) is a Dutc ...


References


External links


Official Website
{{Authority control Art schools in the Netherlands 1682 establishments in the Dutch Republic Organisations based in The Hague Organisations based in the Netherlands with royal patronage Educational institutions established in the 1680s Education in South Holland Buildings and structures in The Hague