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Ronald Leslie Numbers (born 1942) is an American
historian of science The history of science covers the development of science from ancient times to the present. It encompasses all three major branches of science: natural, social, and formal. Science's earliest roots can be traced to Ancient Egypt and Mesopo ...
. He was awarded the 2008
George Sarton Medal The George Sarton Medal is the most prestigious award given by the History of Science Society. It has been awarded annually since 1955. It is awarded to an historian of science from the international community who became distinguished for "a lifet ...
by the
History of Science Society The History of Science Society (HSS) is the primary professional society for the academic study of the history of science. It was founded in 1924 by George Sarton, David Eugene Smith, and Lawrence Joseph Henderson, primarily to support the publi ...
for "a lifetime of exceptional scholarly achievement by a distinguished scholar".


Biography

Numbers is the son of a fundamentalist
Seventh-day Adventist The Seventh-day Adventist Church is an Adventist Protestant Christian denomination which is distinguished by its observance of Saturday, the seventh day of the week in the Christian (Gregorian) and the Hebrew calendar, as the Sabbath, and ...
preacher, and was raised in the Seventh-day Adventist religion and schools well into college. Regarding religious beliefs, he describes himself as
agnostic Agnosticism is the view or belief that the existence of God, of the divine or the supernatural is unknown or unknowable. (page 56 in 1967 edition) Another definition provided is the view that "human reason is incapable of providing sufficien ...
, and has written, "I no longer believe in creationism of any kind".See introduction to Ronald Number's book (page xvi): ''The Creationists''. See als
Prophetess of Health Reappears
an interview of Numbers by Alita Byrd of ''
Spectrum A spectrum (plural ''spectra'' or ''spectrums'') is a condition that is not limited to a specific set of values but can vary, without gaps, across a continuum. The word was first used scientifically in optics to describe the rainbow of colors ...
''. An
Inside the Mind of a Creationist: Ron Numbers & Paul Nelson in discussion
He became a leading scholar in the history of science and religion and an authority on the history of
creationism Creationism is the religious belief that nature, and aspects such as the universe, Earth, life, and humans, originated with supernatural acts of divine creation. Gunn 2004, p. 9, "The ''Concise Oxford Dictionary'' says that creationism is 't ...
and
creation science Creation science or scientific creationism is a pseudoscientific form of Young Earth creationism which claims to offer scientific arguments for certain literalist and inerrantist interpretations of the Bible. It is often presented without ove ...
. Numbers received his Ph.D. in
history of science The history of science covers the development of science from ancient times to the present. It encompasses all three major branches of science: natural, social, and formal. Science's earliest roots can be traced to Ancient Egypt and Meso ...
from
University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public land-grant research university in Berkeley, California. Established in 1868 as the University of California, it is the state's first land-grant un ...
in 1969. Currently he is Hilldale and William Coleman Professor of the History of Science and Medicine at the
University of Wisconsin–Madison A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United Stat ...
. From 1989 to 1993 he was editor of ''
Isis Isis (; ''Ēse''; ; Meroitic: ''Wos'' 'a''or ''Wusa''; Phoenician: 𐤀𐤎, romanized: ʾs) was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion whose worship spread throughout the Greco-Roman world. Isis was first mentioned in the Old Kin ...
'', an international journal of the history of science. With David Lindberg, he has co-edited two anthologies on the
relationship between religion and science The relationship between religion and science involves discussions that interconnect the study of the natural world, history, philosophy, and theology. Even though the ancient and medieval worlds did not have conceptions resembling the modern u ...
. Also with Lindberg, he is currently editing the eight-volume ''Cambridge History of Science''.


Writings


''Prophetess of Health''

In 1976, while still a lecturer at
Loma Linda University Loma Linda University (LLU) is a private Seventh-day Adventist health sciences university in Loma Linda, California. , the university comprises eight schools and a Faculty of Graduate Studies. It is a part of the Seventh-day Adventist educat ...
, he published the book ''Prophetess of Health''. The book is about the relationship between Seventh-day Adventist Church co-founder and prophetess
Ellen G. White Ellen Gould White (née Harmon; November 26, 1827 – July 16, 1915) was an American woman author and co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Along with other Adventist leaders such as Joseph Bates and her husband James White, she wa ...
and popular ideas about health that were fashionable in certain circles in America just prior to the time during which she wrote her books.


''The Creationists''

In 1992, he published '' The Creationists: The Evolution of Scientific Creationism'', a history of the origins of anti-evolutionism. It was revised and expanded in 2006, with the subtitle changed to ''From Scientific Creationism to Intelligent Design''. The book has been described as "probably the most definitive history of anti-evolutionism". It has received generally favorable reviews from both the academic and the religious community. Former
archbishop of York The archbishop of York is a senior bishop in the Church of England, second only to the archbishop of Canterbury. The archbishop is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of York and the metropolitan bishop of the province of York, which covers ...
John Habgood described it, in an article in ''
The Times ''The Times'' is a British daily national newspaper based in London. It began in 1785 under the title ''The Daily Universal Register'', adopting its current name on 1 January 1788. ''The Times'' and its sister paper '' The Sunday Times'' ( ...
'', as a "massively well-documented history" that "must surely be the definitive study of the rise and growth of" creationism.


''Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths About Science and Religion''

In 2009, he was editor for ''Galileo Goes to Jail and Other Myths About Science and Religion'', where the book focuses on popular misconceptions that are connected between science and religion. Among other things the work seeks to debunk various claims, such as that the medieval Christian Church suppressed science, that medieval Islamic culture was inhospitable to science, that the Church issued a universal ban on human dissection in the Middle Ages, that
Galileo Galilei Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642) was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath. Commonly referred to as Galileo, his name was pronounced (, ). He ...
was imprisoned and tortured for advocating Copernicanism, or that the idea of creationism is a uniquely American phenomenon.


Bibliography

* ''The Warfare Between Science and Religion: The Idea That Wouldn't Die'', (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2018) (ed. with Jeff Hardin, Ronald A. Binzley). * ''Science and Religion Around the World'', (New York: Oxford University Press, 2011) (ed. with
John Hedley Brooke John Hedley Brooke (born 1944) is a British historian of science specialising in the relationship between science and religion. Biography Born on 20 May 1944, Brooke is the son of Hedley Joseph Brooke, and Margaret Brooke, née Brown. He was edu ...
). * "Wrestling with Nature: From Omens to Science", (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2011) (ed.with Peter Harrison and Michael H. Shank). * ''Galileo Goes to Jail, and Other Myths About Science and Religion'' (ed.) (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2009). * ''Prophetess of Health: A Study of Ellen G. White'', 3rd Ed. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing, 2008). * ''Science and Christianity in Pulpit and Pew'', (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007). * '' The Creationists: From Scientific Creationism to Intelligent Design'', (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2006),
- expanded version of ''The Creationists'', (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992. Reprinted by University of California Press, 1993.) * ''When Science and Christianity Meet'', (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003). ed. with David C. Lindberg * ''Disseminating Darwinism: The Role of Place, Race, Religion, and Gender'', (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), ed. with John Stenhouse.
''Darwinism Comes to America''
(Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1998). * ''God and Nature: Historical Essays on the Encounter Between Christianity and Science'', (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986) ed. with David C. Lindberg.


References


External links











* ttp://www.salon.com/books/int/2007/01/02/numbers/ Salon.com interview
Video of discussion about creationism/intelligent design with Numbers
and creationist Paul Nelson on
Bloggingheads.tv Bloggingheads.tv (sometimes abbreviated "bhtv") is a political, world events, philosophy, and science video blog discussion site in which the participants take part in an active back and forth conversation via webcam which is then broadcast on ...
{{DEFAULTSORT:Numbers, Ronald 1942 births Living people 21st-century American historians 21st-century American male writers Charles Darwin biographers American historians of religion Historians of science Former Seventh-day Adventists University of California, Berkeley alumni American agnostics University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty Critics of Seventh-day Adventism Critics of creationism Presidents of the American Society of Church History American male non-fiction writers