Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard (; 20 September 1742 – 10 May 1822) was a French
abbé
''Abbé'' (from Latin ''abbas'', in turn from Greek , ''abbas'', from Aramaic ''abba'', a title of honour, literally meaning "the father, my father", emphatic state of ''abh'', "father") is the French word for an abbot. It is the title for low ...
and instructor of the
deaf
Deafness has varying definitions in cultural and medical contexts. In medical contexts, the meaning of deafness is hearing loss that precludes a person from understanding spoken language, an audiological condition. In this context it is written ...
.
Born at
Le Fousseret
Le Fousseret is a commune and a large village in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.
Geography
The village lies in the middle of the commune, on the left bank of the Louge, which flows northeast through the middle of the commune ...
, in the ancient Province of
Languedoc
The Province of Languedoc (; , ; oc, Lengadòc ) is a former province of France.
Most of its territory is now contained in the modern-day region of Occitanie in Southern France. Its capital city was Toulouse. It had an area of approximately ...
(now the Department of
Haute-Garonne
Haute-Garonne (; oc, Nauta Garona, ; en, Upper Garonne) is a department in the Occitanie region of Southwestern France. Named after the river Garonne, which flows through the department. Its prefecture and main city is Toulouse, the country' ...
), and educated as a priest, Sicard was made principal of a school for the deaf at
Bordeaux
Bordeaux ( , ; Gascon oc, Bordèu ; eu, Bordele; it, Bordò; es, Burdeos) is a port city on the river Garonne in the Gironde department, Southwestern France. It is the capital of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, as well as the prefectu ...
in 1786, and in 1789, on the death of the
Abbé de l'Épée
''Abbé'' (from Latin ''abbas'', in turn from Greek , ''abbas'', from Aramaic ''abba'', a title of honour, literally meaning "the father, my father", emphatic state of ''abh'', "father") is the French word for an abbot. It is the title for low ...
, succeeded him at a leading
school for the deaf which Épée had founded in
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Si ...
. He later met
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet (December 10, 1787 – September 10, 1851) was an American educator. Along with Laurent Clerc and Mason Cogswell, he co-founded the first permanent institution for the education of the deaf in North America, and he bec ...
while traveling in England, and invited him to visit the school.
Sicard's chief works were his ''Eléments de grammaire générale'' (1799), ''Cours d'instruction d'un sourd-muet de naissance'' (1800) and ''Traité des signes pour l'instruction des sourds-muets'' (1808). The Abbé Sicard managed to escape any serious harm in the political troubles of 1792, and became a member of the Institute in 1795, but the value of his educational work was hardly recognized till shortly before his death at
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. Si ...
.
In 1803 Sicard became a member of the
Académie française
An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosop ...
, occupying
Seat 3 as the successor to the
François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis
François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis, comte de Lyonnais (22 May 1715 – 3 November 1794) was a French cardinal and diplomat. He was the sixth member elected to occupy Seat 3 of the Académie française in 1744. Bernis was one of the most promin ...
, who was a diplomat.
See also
*
Roch-Ambroise Auguste Bébian
Roch-Ambroise Auguste Bébian (; born 4 August 1789 in Pointe-à-Pitre (also written: Ponte-à-Pitre), Guadeloupe; died 24 February 1839 in Pointe-à-Pitre) was one of the first hearing educators in France to achieve native-level fluency in French ...
References
1742 births
1822 deaths
People from Haute-Garonne
19th-century French Roman Catholic priests
18th-century French Roman Catholic priests
Educators of the deaf
Members of the Académie Française
Recipients of the Legion of Honour
Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery
18th-century French educators
19th-century French educators
French Sign Language
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