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The Rhode Island School of Design (RISD , pronounced "Riz-D") is a
private Private or privates may refer to: Music * " In Private", by Dusty Springfield from the 1990 album ''Reputation'' * Private (band), a Denmark-based band * "Private" (Ryōko Hirosue song), from the 1999 album ''Private'', written and also recorde ...
art and design school in
Providence, Rhode Island Providence is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Rhode Island. One of the oldest cities in New England, it was founded in 1636 by Roger Williams, a Reformed Baptist theologian and religious exile from the Massachusetts ...
. The school was founded as a coeducational institution in 1877 by Helen Adelia Rowe Metcalf, who sought to increase the accessibility of design education to women. Today, RISD offers bachelor's and master's degree programs across 19 majors and enrolls approximately 2,000 undergraduate and 500 graduate students. The Rhode Island School of Design Museum—which houses the school's art and design collections—is one of the largest college art museums in the United States. The Rhode Island School of Design is affiliated with Brown University, whose campus sits immediately adjacent to RISD's on Providence's College Hill. The two institutions share social and community resources and since 1900 have permitted cross-registration. Together, RISD and Brown offer dual degree programs at the graduate and undergraduate levels. As of 2022, RISD alumni have received 10 MacArthur Genius fellowships, five Primetime Emmy Awards, and three Academy Awards. A 2016 analysis of the most successful American artists at auction found that the vast plurality held undergraduate degrees from RISD.


History


Founding of the school

The Rhode Island School of Design's founding is often traced back to Helen Adelia Rowe Metcalf's 1876 visit to the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. At the exposition, Metcalf visited the Women's Pavilion. Organized by the "Centennial Women," the pavilion showcased the work of female entrepreneurs, artists, and designers. Metcalf's visit to the pavilion profoundly impacted her and motivated her to address a deficiency in design education accessible to women. Following the exhibition, the RI committee of the Centennial Women had $1,675 remaining in funds; the group spent some time negotiating how best to use the surplus.Austin, Nancy. "What a Beginning is Worth". Infinite Radius. Ed. Dawn Barrett and Andrew Martinez. (Providence: Rhode Island School of Design, 2008) 170–196. Metcalf lobbied the group to use the money to establish a coeducational, design school in Providence. On January 11, 1877, a majority of women on the committee voted for Metcalf's proposal. On March 22, 1877, the Rhode Island General Assembly ratified "An Act to Incorporate the Rhode Island School of Design", " r the purpose of aiding in the cultivation of the arts of design". Over the next 129 years, the following original by-laws set forth these following primary objectives: #The instruction of artisans in drawing, painting, modeling, and designing, that they may successfully apply the principles of Art to the requirements of trade and manufacture. #The systematic training of students in the practice of Art, in order that they may understand its principles, give instruction to others, or become artists. #The general advancement of public Art Education, by the exhibition of works of Art and of Art school studies, and by lectures on Art. Metcalf directed the school until her death in 1895. Her daughter, Eliza Greene Metcalf Radeke, then took over until her own death in 1931.


Beginnings

The school opened in October 1877 in Providence. The first class consisted of 43 students, the majority of whom were women. For the first 15 years of its existence, RISD occupied a suite of six rooms on the fourth floor of the Hoppin Homestead Building in Downtown Providence. On October 24, 1893, the school dedicated a new brick building at 11 Waterman Street on College Hill. Designed by Hoppin, Reid & Hoppin, this building served as the first permanent home for the school.


Activism during the Vietnam War

Students at RISD played a key part in the national protest of the Vietnam War, producing various notable anti-war protest art from 1968-1973 and taking several on tour as part of a mobile artwork petition. The most well known is ''Leave the Fear of Red to Horned Beasts'', a reference to Victor Hugo novel Les Misérables in the form of a watercolor-on-canvas painting of a charging red bull. An original print of this painting is on permanent display at the War Remnants Museum in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam in a section dedicated to international protest of the Vietnam War, and also features subtly as a bar mural in Vietnam War film '' Point Man (film)''. In 1969 the Black Student Community of RISD published a manifesto demanding of university faculty the establishment of "a meaningful liaison with the spirit and expression of Black culture." RISD subsequently hired administrators to begin recruiting and admitting increased numbers of students of color.


COVID-19

After the outbreak of
COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease quick ...
and the subsequent closure of the RISD campus in March 2020, RISD suggested a future of a hybrid of classes online and in-person. In July 2020, President Somerson began negotiations with the RISD faculty union over the avoidance of possible layoffs by suggesting cost-cutting measures. The part-time faculty union, the National Education Association, rejected the initial proposal.


Racial diversity and equity

In the summer of 2020, after the Black Lives Matter and George Floyd protests, RISD students and alumni came forward to voice outrage at the institution for failing at social equity and inclusion. They formed a student-led RISD Anti-Racism Coalition (ARC) alongside
BIPOC The term "person of color" ( : people of color or persons of color; abbreviated POC) is primarily used to describe any person who is not considered "white". In its current meaning, the term originated in, and is primarily associated with, the U ...
faculty. As a result, in July 2020, RISD announced they would hire 10 new faculty members that would specialize in "race and ethnicity in arts and design", the RISD museum would return to
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a sculpture that was once looted, expand and diversify the curriculum, and the school would, "remain committed to reform".


Presidents

RISD's current president is Crystal Williams. She was preceded by Rosanne Somerson who served in the role from 2015 to 2021.


Rankings and admission

In 2014, '' U.S. News & World Report'' ranked RISD first amongst Fine Arts programs. In 2021, RISD was ranked 4th by the ''
QS World University Rankings ''QS World University Rankings'' is an annual publication of university rankings by Quacquarelli Symonds (QS). The QS system comprises three parts: the global overall ranking, the subject rankings (which name the world's top universities for th ...
'' of Art & Design programs. The school's undergraduate architecture program ranked 6 in DesignIntelligence's ranking of the Top Architecture Schools in the US for 2019. In 2018, the institution was also named among ''Forbes''’ America's Top Colleges and the Chronicle of Higher Education's Top Producers of US Fulbright Scholars. RISD's 2020 acceptance rate for admission applications received in the fall of 2020 was 20%. In August of 2019, the school announced it would be adopting a test-optional policy for admissions.


Campus

In the past, RISD buildings were mostly located at the western edge of College Hill, between the Brown University campus and the Providence River. In recent decades, RISD has acquired or built buildings on the downslope nearer the river, or in Downtown Providence just on the other side of the waterway. The main library, undergrad dormitories, and graduate studios of the college are now located downtown.


RISD Museum

The RISD Museum was founded in 1877 on the belief that art, artists, and the institutions that support them play pivotal roles in promoting broad civic engagement and creating more open societies. With a permanent collection numbering approximately 100,000 works, the RISD museum is the third largest art museum attached to an educational facility.


Athletics

RISD has many athletic clubs and teams. The symbolism used for their teams is unique. The hockey team is called the "Nads", and their cheer is "Go Nads!" The logo for the Nads features a horizontal hockey stick with two hockey pucks at the end of the stick's handle. The basketball team is known simply as the "Balls", and their slogan is, "When the heat is on, the Balls stick together." The Balls' logo consists of two balls next to one another in an irregularly shaped net. Lest the sexual
innuendo An innuendo is a hint, insinuation or intimation about a person or thing, especially of a denigrating or derogatory nature. It can also be a remark or question, typically disparaging (also called insinuation), that works obliquely by allusion ...
of these team names and logos be lost or dismissed, the 2001 creation of the school's unofficial mascot, Scrotie, ended any ambiguity. Despite the name, Scrotie is not merely a representation of a scrotum, but is a 7-foot tall penis.


Notable people


Alumni

Notable RISD alumni in the fine arts Kara Walker (MFA 1994), Jenny Holzer (MFA 1977),Jenny Holzer
Tate Collection, London.
Dale Chihuly (MFA 1968), Nicole Eisenman (BFA 1987),
Do-Ho Suh Do Ho Suh (hangul: 서도호, born 1962) is a Korean sculptor and installation artist. He also works across various media, including paintings and film which explore the concept of space and home. His work is particularly well known in relation ...
(BFA 1994), Julie Mehretu (MFA 1997),Calvin Tomkins (March 29, 2010).
Big Art, Big Money: Julie Mehretu's 'Mural' for Goldman Sachs
". ''
The New Yorker ''The New Yorker'' is an American weekly magazine featuring journalism, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry. Founded as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is published 47 times annually, with five of these issues ...
''. Retrieved 2017-08-04.
Roni Horn (BFA 1975),
Shahzia Sikander Shahzia Sikander (born 1969, in Lahore, Pakistan) is a Pakistani-American visual artist. Sikander works across a variety of mediums, including drawing, painting, printmaking, animation, installation, performance and video. Sikander currently lives ...
(MFA 1995), Glenn Ligon, and Janine Antoni (MFA 1989). Graduates in photography include Francesca Woodman (BFA 1978), Deana Lawson (MFA 2004), and
Todd Hido Todd Hido (born 25 August 1968) is an American photographer. He has produced 17 books, had his work exhibited widely and included in various public collections. Hido is currently an adjunct professor at the California College of the Arts in San F ...
. Among the school's alumni in illustration are Brian Selznick (BFA 1988),
Chris Van Allsburg Chris Van Allsburg (born June 18, 1949) is an American illustrator and writer of children's books. He has won two Caldecott Medals for U.S. picture book illustration, for ''Jumanji'' (1981) and ''The Polar Express'' (1985), both of which he al ...
(MA 1975), Roz Chast (BFA 1977), and
David Macaulay David Macaulay (born 2 December 1946) is a British-born American illustrator and writer. His works include ''Cathedral'' (1973), '' The Way Things Work'' (1988) and ''The New Way Things Work'' (1998). His illustrations have been featured in ...
(BArch 1969). Alumni in graphic design include Shepard Fairey (BFA 1992)
Tobias Frere-Jones Tobias Frere-Jones (born Tobias Edgar Mallory Jones; August 28, 1970) is an American type designer who works in New York City. He operates the company Frere-Jones Type and teaches typeface design at the Yale School of Art MFA program. Among his ...
(BFA 1992). Among the alumni of the school's architecture department are Hashim Sarkis (BArch 1987) Deborah Berke (BFA 1975, BArch 1977), Preston Scott Cohen (BArch 1983), and
Nader Tehrani Nader Tehrani (born 1963 in London) is an Iranian-American designer and educator. In 2011 in partnership with Katherine Faulkner, Tehrani founded NADAAA, a practice dedicated to the advancement of design innovation, interdisciplinary collaborat ...
(BArch 1986). Prominent RISD graduates in film and television include James Franco (MFA 2012), Seth MacFarlane (BFA 1995), Jemima Kirke (BFA 2008), Bryan Konietzko (BFA 1998),
Michael Dante DiMartino Michael Dante DiMartino (born July 18, 1974) is an American animator, producer, writer, and director. He is best known, together with Bryan Konietzko, as the co-creator of the animated TV series '' Avatar: The Last Airbender'' and ''The Legend of ...
(BFA 1996), Gus Van Sant (BFA 1975), and Robert Richardson (BFA 1979). Graduates in music include bassist
Syd Butler Syd or SYD may refer to: *Syd (name), including a list of people with the name * ''Syd.'', taxonomic author abbreviation of Hans Sydow (1879–1946), German mycologist * Sydney, New South Wales, Australia ** IATA code for Sydney Airport, New South ...
(BFA 1996) and the three founding members of Talking Heads: David Byrne, Tina Weymouth (BFA 1974), and Chris Frantz (BFA 1974). Among the school's alumni in business are Airbnb co-founders Joe Gebbia (BFA 2004) and
Brian Chesky Brian Joseph Chesky (born August 29, 1981) is an American businessman and industrial designer. He is the co-founder and CEO of the peer-to-peer lodging service Airbnb. Chesky was named one of ''Time'' "100 Most Influential People of 2015". Early ...
(BFA 2004). File:DaleChihulyatPilchuck (cropped).jpg, Glass sculptor Dale Chihuly (MFA 1968) File:Pop Conference 2017 - David Byrne 12 (cropped).jpg, Talking Heads lead singer David Byrne (1970–71) File:Gus Van Sant-1352.jpg, Filmmaker Gus Van Sant (BFA 1975) File:Jenny holzer.jpg, Neo-conceptual artist Jenny Holzer (MFA 1977) File:Do Ho Suh and Eitaro Ogawa (cropped).jpg, Contemporary installation artist
Do-Ho Suh Do Ho Suh (hangul: 서도호, born 1962) is a Korean sculptor and installation artist. He also works across various media, including paintings and film which explore the concept of space and home. His work is particularly well known in relation ...
(BFA 1994) File:Michael Dante DiMartino by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg, '' Avatar: The Last Airbender'' co-creator
Michael Dante DiMartino Michael Dante DiMartino (born July 18, 1974) is an American animator, producer, writer, and director. He is best known, together with Bryan Konietzko, as the co-creator of the animated TV series '' Avatar: The Last Airbender'' and ''The Legend of ...
File:Bryan Konietzko by Gage Skidmore 2.jpg, ''Avatar: The Last Airbender'' co-creator Bryan Konietzko File:Kara Walker Interview Camden Arts Centre 01.47 (cropped).jpg, Contemporary artist Kara Walker (MFA 1994) File:Inside the Studio with Julie Mehretu 00.01 (cropped).jpg, Contemporary painter Julie Mehretu (MFA 1997) File:Seth MacFarlane (7607033712).jpg, '' Family Guy'' and '' The Orville'' creator Seth MacFarlane (BFA 1995) File:Brian Chesky and Travis Kalanick (cropped).jpg, CEO and co-founder of Airbnb,
Brian Chesky Brian Joseph Chesky (born August 29, 1981) is an American businessman and industrial designer. He is the co-founder and CEO of the peer-to-peer lodging service Airbnb. Chesky was named one of ''Time'' "100 Most Influential People of 2015". Early ...
(BFA 2004) File:Joe-gebbia-airbnb-miller-mobley (cropped).jpg, Co-founder of Airbnb, Joe Gebbia (BFA 2005) File:James Franco 4, 2013.jpg, Actor and filmmaker James Franco (MFA 2012)


Faculty

Notable RISD faculty include photographers Diane Arbus and
Aaron Siskind Aaron Siskind (December 4, 1903 – February 8, 1991) was an American photographer whose work focuses on the details of things, presented as flat surfaces to create a new image independent of the original subject. He was closely involved with, if ...
, sculptor
Simone Leigh Simone Leigh (born 1967) is an American artist from Chicago who works in New York City in the United States. She works in various media including sculpture, installations, video, performance, and social practice. Leigh has described her work as a ...
, painter Jennifer Packer, architect
Friedrich St. Florian Friedrich St. Florian (born 1932) is an Austrian- American architect. He moved to the United States in 1961, and became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1973. Early life and education St. Florian was born Friedrich St. Florian Gartler in the Austr ...
, designer Victor Papanek, and Pulitzer Prize-winning author Jhumpa Lahiri.


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Rhode Island School Of Design Art schools in Rhode Island Design schools in the United States Architecture schools in Rhode Island Landscape architecture schools Educational institutions established in 1877 Graphic design schools in the United States Animation schools in the United States 1877 establishments in Rhode Island Private universities and colleges in Rhode Island Glassmaking schools