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Rede Manchete (; lit.: Headline Network; also known as TV Manchete or only Manchete) was a Brazilian television network that was founded in Rio de Janeiro on 5 June 1983 by the Ukrainian-Brazilian journalist and businessman Adolpho Bloch. The network remained on the air until 10 May 1999. It was part of Grupo Bloch, which published the magazine ''
Manchete Rede Manchete (; lit.: Headline Network; also known as TV Manchete or only Manchete) was a Brazilian television network that was founded in Rio de Janeiro on 5 June 1983 by the Ukrainian-Brazilian journalist and businessman Adolpho Bloch. The ne ...
'' by Bloch Editores, its publishing division; the television network was named after the magazine. With sophisticated equipment and seeking an upper class schedule, Manchete was known for its programming based on journalism, covering the world and Brazilian sport, with major sporting events.
Telenovela A telenovela is a type of a television serial drama or soap opera produced primarily in Latin America. The word combines ''tele'' (for "television") and ''novela'' (meaning "novel"). Similar drama genres around the world include ''teleserye'' ...
s,
series Series may refer to: People with the name * Caroline Series (born 1951), English mathematician, daughter of George Series * George Series (1920–1995), English physicist Arts, entertainment, and media Music * Series, the ordered sets used in ...
and
miniseries A miniseries or mini-series is a television series that tells a story in a predetermined, limited number of episodes. " Limited series" is another more recent US term which is sometimes used interchangeably. , the popularity of miniseries forma ...
from Manchete also made history in the Brazilian television dramaturgy. In addition to their own schedule, Manchete is known as airing Japanese programmes like
tokusatsu is a Japanese term for live action film or television drama that makes heavy use of practical special effects. ''Tokusatsu'' entertainment mainly refers to science fiction, war, fantasy, or horror media featuring such technology but is someti ...
and
anime is hand-drawn and computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside of Japan and in English, ''anime'' refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However, in Japan and in Japanese, (a term derived from a shortening o ...
, including some of the
Super Sentai is a Japanese superhero team metaseries and media franchise consisting of television series and films produced by Toei Company, and Bandai, and aired by TV Asahi ("Sentai" is the Japanese word for "task force" or "fighting squadron"). The sh ...
series (
Choushinsei Flashman is the tenth installment in the ''Super Sentai'' metaseries produced by Toei Company. It was broadcast on TV Asahi from March 1, 1986, to February 21, 1987 , replacing ''Dengeki Sentai Changeman'' and was replaced by ''Hikari Sentai Maskman'' wit ...
,
Dengeki Sentai Changeman is a Japanese television series and the ninth installment of the Super Sentai metaseries. It aired from February 2, 1985 to February 22, 1986, replacing '' Choudenshi Bioman'' and was replaced by '' Choushinsei Flashman'' running for 55 episode ...
), Sailor Moon,
Kamen Rider Black is a tokusatsu superhero- drama television series. It is the eighth installment in the '' Kamen Rider '' series and a co-production between Ishimori Productions and Toei. The series aired on the Mainichi Broadcasting System and the Tokyo Broa ...
and Black RX and most notably,
MegaBeast Investigator Juspion , also known as ''Space Wolf Juspion'', is a Japanese tokusatsu television series and part of the Metal Hero Series franchise. Produced by Toei Company, it was originally broadcast from 15 March 1985 to 24 March 1986, running for 46 episodes. Th ...
. In May 1999, the partners Amilcare Dallevo and Marcelo de Carvalho (known as TeleTV Group) bought the licenses of Manchete, moved the headquarters to
Barueri Barueri ( or ) is a Brazilian municipality in the State of São Paulo located in the northwestern part of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. The population is 276,982 (2020 est.) in an area of . Its boundaries are Santana de Parnaíba to ...
, and changed the network's name to
RedeTV! RedeTV! () is a Brazilian television network owned by Amilcare Dallevo and Marcelo de Carvalho. It is the newest television network, among the five major networks in Brazil, being a relaunch of Rede Manchete in 1999. RedeTV! has modern product ...
.


History


Early history

The successor network not only to
Rede Tupi Rede Tupi (; in English, Tupi Network) was a Brazilian television network free-to-air. Its parent broadcaster, located in the city of São Paulo, was the first TV station to operate in the country, being inaugurated on 18 September 1950 by jo ...
but to
Rede Excelsior Rede Excelsior was a Brazilian television network founded by Mário Wallace Simonsen on July 9, 1960, in São Paulo, São Paulo. Its last broadcast happened on September 30, 1970, when the Brazilian military dictatorship put an abrupt end to ...
, two former Brazilian television networks, it was owned by Adolpho Bloch, the
Ukrainian Ukrainian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Ukraine * Something relating to Ukrainians, an East Slavic people from Eastern Europe * Something relating to demographics of Ukraine in terms of demography and population of Ukraine * So ...
Brazilian founder of the publishing group called " Bloch Editores", from half of the defunct
Rede Tupi Rede Tupi (; in English, Tupi Network) was a Brazilian television network free-to-air. Its parent broadcaster, located in the city of São Paulo, was the first TV station to operate in the country, being inaugurated on 18 September 1950 by jo ...
(the other half became
SBT sbt is an open-source build tool for Scala and Java projects, similar to Apache's Maven and Gradle. Its main features are: *Native support for compiling Scala code and integrating with many Scala test frameworks *Continuous compilation, te ...
in 1981). Its slogan in 1983 was the unofficial slogan "A Televisão do ano 2000" (The Television of the year 2000) and the official slogan "A TV de 1ª Classe" (First Class Television). Initially planned to launch between September and November 1982, and then March 1983, Manchete began operations at 7:00 pm on 5 June 1983 with a speech by Bloch, followed by a segment with the network's logo flying over Brazil and then stopping on a building. The network received high ratings in Rio de Janeiro, and as a result, it suddenly moved to second place in viewership in that area. In the beginning, the network broadcast various shows and operas, like
TV Record RecordTV (), formerly known as Rede Record, is a Brazilian free-to-air television network. It is currently the second largest commercial TV station in Brazil, and the 28th largest in the 2012 world ranking. In 2010, it was elected by the adverti ...
in 60s, bringing the focus for the A and B Classes. In 1984, model and actress
Xuxa Maria da Graça Xuxa Meneghel ( ; ; born Maria da Graça Meneghel, 27 March 1963) is a Brazilian television host, film actress, singer, model, and businesswoman. Known as "Queen of Little Ones", Xuxa built the largest Latin American children's e ...
presented the Clube da Criança program in 1984, beating sometimes TV Globo's morning show, Balão Magico. This was the year it began a rival coverage of the Brazilian Carnival in Rio de Janeiro, its most successful one. In 1985, with two years of existence, losses of Manchete were evident. The network entered its first financial crisis. Bloch, in 1988, wanted to sell the network and asked for US$350 million. In the 1990s, congressman Paulo Octávio made a proposal to Adolpho Bloch of the proposed purchase of TV Manchete for US$200 million. The Paulo Octávio partner was the businessman João Carlos Di Genio, but the sale was not made.
Editora Abril Editora Abril is a major Brazilian publisher and printing company and one of the biggest media holdings in Latin America. The company was founded in 1950 by Victor Civita in São Paulo and is now part of Grupo Abril. Civita had initially found ...
also showed interest in the network. Then the IBF company took Manchete, but then had revoked its management justice. Adolpho Bloch took control of the network, with staff salaries six months late. Within four months, Bloch had brought staff pay back up to date. By 1987, for the first time, Rede Manchete and Rede Globo jointly broadcast the
Brazilian Carnival The Carnival of Brazil ( pt, Carnaval do Brasil, ) is an annual Brazilian festival held the Friday afternoon before Ash Wednesday at noon, which marks the beginning of Lent, the forty-day period before Easter. During Lent, Roman Catholics and ...
to all over the country. The next year, however, the network was in a weak financial situation after just 5 years, but came out stronger.


The Pantanal phenomenon

1990 saw the launch of the
telenovela A telenovela is a type of a television serial drama or soap opera produced primarily in Latin America. The word combines ''tele'' (for "television") and ''novela'' (meaning "novel"). Similar drama genres around the world include ''teleserye'' ...
Pantanal (named after the Pantanal wetlands on which it was set), which would beat the TV Globo telenovela
Rainha da Sucata ''Rainha da Sucata'' (Portuguese for ''Queen of Scrap'') is a Brazilian telenovela that first aired on TV Globo from April 2 to October 26, 1990, in 179 episodes. Production Rainha da Sucata was the first soap opera "from 8" written by Sílvio ...
(Queen of the Junk) in popularity and score. The story mixed romance, very beautiful images of the
Mato Grosso Mato Grosso ( – lit. "Thick Bush") is one of the states of Brazil, the third largest by area, located in the Central-West region. The state has 1.66% of the Brazilian population and is responsible for 1.9% of the Brazilian GDP. Neighboring ...
Pantanal and a bit of the supernatural. The plot centered around a son of a big farmer of Mato Grosso that came to know his father for the first time, and also Juma, a wild lady that lives in a forest cabin and transforms herself in a jaguar when she's angry, with which he falls in love. Afterwards, Manchete continued making telenovelas that were well known for their good image and content quality. They were exported to various countries, but never proved as successful as Pantanal or competing telenovelas from the Rede Globo. However, beginning in 1992 and continuing through the end of the decade, the network was forced off the air three times; the first of those shutdowns was due to an invasion of employees at the network's transmission tower in São Paulo.


Closure

After Bloch's death in 1995, his nephew Pedro Jack Kapeller became president of Manchete. Manchete's financial troubles deepened after the
1998 FIFA World Cup The 1998 FIFA World Cup was the 16th FIFA World Cup, the football world championship for men's national teams. The finals tournament was held in France from 10 June to 12 July 1998. The country was chosen as the host nation by FIFA for the ...
, when the network's income fell 40 percent. As a result, the network laid off 540 employees, as well as pay day wages of the remaining employees. In October 1998, the network cut the production of almost all of its programs, including the telenovela '. The network was to be sold to
Reborn in Christ Church Reborn in Christ Church (Portuguese: ''Igreja Renascer em Cristo''), is a Evangelical Christian denomination headquartered in São Paulo, Brazil. The church was founded in 1986 by the couple Apostle Estevam Hernandes and Bishop Sônia Hernandes. ...
in January 1999, but in February of the same year, the proposal was withdrawn due to a breach of contractual clauses. On 8 May 1999, Rede Manchete's license was sold to TeleTV Group for US$608 million.


Slogans

1983: A TV dos Anos 2000 (''TV of the Year 2000'')
TV de Primeira Classe (''First Class TV,'')
1990: O Brasil passa na Manchete (''Brazil passes on Manchete'')
1997: Qualidade em Primeiro Lugar (''Quality in First Place'')
1998 :Você em Primeiro Lugar (''You in First place'')


Telenovelas and series

1984 * Marquesa de Santos * Viver a Vida * Santa Marta Fabril 1985 * Tudo em Cima * Tamanho Família * Antônio Maria * Joana 1986 * Dona Beija * Novo Amor * Tudo ou Nada * Mania de Querer 1987 * Corpo Santo * Helena * Carmem * A Rainha da Vida 1988 * Olho por Olho 1989 * Kananga do Japão 1990 * Pantanal * Fronteiras do Desconhecido * Escrava Anastácia * O Canto das Sereias * Mãe de Santo * Rosa dos Rumos * A História de Ana Raio e Zé Trovão 1991 * Filhos do Sol * Ilha das Bruxas * O Farol * Na Rede de Intrigas * Floradas na Serra * O Guaraní * O Fantasma da Ópera * Amazônia 1992 * Amazônia – Parte II 1993 * Família Brasil * Guerra sem Fim * O Marajá (not aired) 1994 * Incrível, Fantástico, Extraordinário * 74.5 – Uma Onda no Ar 1995 * Tocaia Grande 1996 * Xica da Silva 1997 * Mandacaru 1998 * Brida


News programming

The network's main newscast was entitled ''Jornal da Manchete'', which began airing on 6 June 1983 and aired for the final time on 8 May 1999. It was the longest running programme in the network's history. When ''Jornal da Manchete'' first premiered, it had an excessive duration of two hours (with commercials), and was divided into several segments that would eventually become separate programmes. The duration of the newscast would be reduced to 30 minutes after the 1985 Brazilian presidential election. The opening theme of the programme was based on "Videogame" by the Brazilian group Roupa Nova; the original master recording was used from 1983 until 1989.


References

{{Brazilian television stations
Manchete Rede Manchete (; lit.: Headline Network; also known as TV Manchete or only Manchete) was a Brazilian television network that was founded in Rio de Janeiro on 5 June 1983 by the Ukrainian-Brazilian journalist and businessman Adolpho Bloch. The ne ...
Defunct television channels in Brazil
Manchete Rede Manchete (; lit.: Headline Network; also known as TV Manchete or only Manchete) was a Brazilian television network that was founded in Rio de Janeiro on 5 June 1983 by the Ukrainian-Brazilian journalist and businessman Adolpho Bloch. The ne ...
Manchete Rede Manchete (; lit.: Headline Network; also known as TV Manchete or only Manchete) was a Brazilian television network that was founded in Rio de Janeiro on 5 June 1983 by the Ukrainian-Brazilian journalist and businessman Adolpho Bloch. The ne ...
Television channels and stations established in 1983 Television channels and stations disestablished in 1999 1983 establishments in Brazil 1999 disestablishments in Brazil Portuguese-language television networks