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Rastatt () is a
town A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an o ...
with a Baroque core, District of Rastatt, Baden-Württemberg,
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwee ...
. It is located in the Upper Rhine Plain on the Murg river, above its junction with the
Rhine ), Surselva, Graubünden, Switzerland , source1_coordinates= , source1_elevation = , source2 = Rein Posteriur/Hinterrhein , source2_location = Paradies Glacier, Graubünden, Switzerland , source2_coordinates= , source ...
and has a population of around 50,000 (2011). Rastatt was an important place of the War of the Spanish Succession ( Treaty of Rastatt) and the
Revolutions of 1848 in the German states In political science, a revolution ( Latin: ''revolutio'', "a turn around") is a fundamental and relatively sudden change in political power and political organization which occurs when the population revolts against the government, typically d ...
.


History

Until the end of the 17th century, Rastatt held little influence, but after its destruction by the French in 1689, it was rebuilt on a larger scale by Louis William, Margrave of Baden, the Imperial General in the Great Turkish War known popularly as ''Türkenlouis''. It then remained the residence of the Margraves of Baden-Baden until 1771. It was the location of the First and Second Congress of Rastatt, the former giving rise to the Treaty of Rastatt while the second ended in failure in 1799. In the 1840s, Rastatt was surrounded by fortifications to form the Fortress of Rastatt. For about 20 years previous to 1866, it was occupied by the troops of the
German Confederation The German Confederation (german: Deutscher Bund, ) was an association of 39 predominantly German-speaking sovereign states in Central Europe. It was created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 as a replacement of the former Holy Roman Empire, w ...
. The Baden revolution of 1849 began with a mutiny of soldiers at Rastatt in May 1849 under
Ludwik Mieroslawski Ludwik () is a Polish given name. Notable people with the name include: * Ludwik Czyżewski, Polish WWII general * Ludwik Fleck (1896–1961), Polish medical doctor and biologist * Ludwik Gintel (1899–1973), Polish-Israeli Olympic soccer player ...
and Gustav Struve, and ended there a few weeks later with the capture of the town by the Prussians. (See The Revolutions of 1848 in the German states and History of Baden.) For some years, Rastatt was one of the strongest fortresses of the German empire, but its fortifications were dismantled in 1890. Between 1946 and 1954, about twenty major criminal proceedings (known as the Rastatt Trials) for crimes against foreign workers and prisoners in smaller camps in the National Socialist camp system in south-west
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwee ...
took place in front of the French Military Administration's Tribunal Général on the basis of Control Council Law No. 10, along with more than 2000 defendants. In 1992, a new
Mercedes-Benz Mercedes-Benz (), commonly referred to as Mercedes and sometimes as Benz, is a German luxury and commercial vehicle automotive brand established in 1926. Mercedes-Benz AG (a Mercedes-Benz Group subsidiary established in 2019) is headquarte ...
car factory started production in Rastatt.


Local attractions

Rastatt and the surrounding area is home to a variety of historical buildings, includes palaces and castles such as Schloss Rastatt and Schloss Favorite. It lies in the vicinity of the Black Forest and the French border.


Twin towns – sister cities

Rastatt is twinned with: *
Fano Fano is a town and '' comune'' of the province of Pesaro and Urbino in the Marche region of Italy. It is a beach resort southeast of Pesaro, located where the '' Via Flaminia'' reaches the Adriatic Sea. It is the third city in the region by ...
, Italy * Guarapuava, Brazil * New Britain, United States * Orange, France * Ostrov, Czech Republic * Woking, England, United Kingdom


Notable people

* Herman Fortunatus (1595–1665), Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern * Charles William (1627–1666), Margrave of Baden-Rodemachern * Augustus George (1706–1771), Margrave of Baden-Baden * Joseph Frank (1771–1842), physician *
Wilhelm Stemmermann __NOTOC__ Wilhelm Stemmermann (23 October 1888 – 18 February 1944) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded the XI Army Corps. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves. He ...
(1888–1944), general in the Wehrmacht * Luise Adolpha Le Beau (1850–1927), pianist and composer * Bodo Uhse (1904–1963), writer *
Oliver Hassencamp Oliver Hassencamp (1921–1988) was a German writer and actor.Goble p.685 Selected filmography Film adaptations *', directed by Franz Peter Wirth (1963, based on the novel ''Bekenntnisse eines möblierten Herrn'') *'' Burg Schreckenstein'', di ...
(1921–1988), cabaret artist, actor and author * Ricky King (born 1946), musician * Joachim Schuster (born 1962), politician (SDP) * Christian Seifert (born 1969), football functionary * Andria Lloyd (born 1971), Jamaican sprinter, Olympic medalist * Philipp Laux (born 1973), footballer


In literature

The plot of the historical novel ''The Lenz Papers'' by Stefan Heym (published London 1964) is set in 1849 Rastatt, during the failed revolutions in Germany in 1848.


Gallery

Rastatt-Rathaus-04-2018-gje.jpg, Town hall Rastatt-Murg-04-Wasserturm-Brauerei Franz-2016-gje.jpg, Murg river Rastatt-Pagodenburg-10-Wasserturm-2006-gje.jpg, Pagodenburg and water tower Rastatt-Franziskanerkloster-04-2018-gje.jpg, Former Franciscan monastery Rastatt-Ludwig-Wilhelm-Gymnasium-06-2018-gje.jpg, Ludwig-Wilhelm school Close Act-Saurus-120-gje.jpg, Street theatre festival Rastatt-Hopfenschlingel-10-Bierwagen-2017-gje.jpg, Hopfenschlingel beer garden Rastatt-Schloss Favorite-Hauptfassade-28-2006-gje.jpg, Schloss Favorite


References


Further reading

*


External links


Official websiteRastatt pictures
* * {{Authority control Rastatt (district) Baden