''Robertus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of comb-footed spiders that was first described by

Octavius Pickard-Cambridge Octavius Pickard-Cambridge FRS (3 November 1828 – 9 March 1917) was an English clergyman and zoologist. He was a keen arachnologist who described and named more than 900 species of spider. Life and work Pickard-Cambridge was born in Bl ...

in 1879. It is considered a senior synonym of ''Garritus''.

Species

it contains forty-seven species, found in Europe, Asia, North America, the

Congo Congo or The Congo may refer to either of two countries that border the Congo River in central Africa: * Democratic Republic of the Congo, the larger country to the southeast, capital Kinshasa, formerly known as Zaire, sometimes referred to a ...

, and on

Greenland Greenland ( kl, Kalaallit Nunaat, ; da, Grønland, ) is an island country in North America that is part of the Kingdom of Denmark. It is located between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Greenland is ...

: *'' Robertus alpinus'' Dresco, 1959 –

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

*'' Robertus arcticus'' (

Chamberlin The Chamberlin is an electro-mechanical keyboard instrument that was a precursor to the Mellotron. It was developed and patented by the American inventor Harry Chamberlin from 1949 to 1956, when the first model was introduced. There are several ...

Ivie Ivie is a given name and surname. Notable people with the name include: Given name *Ivie Anderson (1904–1949), American jazz singer *Ivie Okujaye (born 1987), Nigerian actress and television producer *Ivie Richardson (1895–1960), South Afri ...

, 1947) – USA (

Alaska Alaska ( ; russian: Аляска, Alyaska; ale, Alax̂sxax̂; ; ems, Alas'kaaq; Yup'ik: ''Alaskaq''; tli, Anáaski) is a state located in the Western United States on the northwest extremity of North America. A semi-exclave of the U.S ...

) *''

Robertus arundineti The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, ho ...

'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871) –

Europe Europe is a large peninsula conventionally considered a continent in its own right because of its great physical size and the weight of its history and traditions. Europe is also considered a subcontinent of Eurasia and it is located enti ...

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

Caucasus The Caucasus () or Caucasia (), is a region between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, mainly comprising Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia (country), Georgia, and parts of Southern Russia. The Caucasus Mountains, including the Greater Caucasus range ...

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eigh ...

(

to South Siberia), Kazakhstan, Central Asia, China *'' Robertus banksi'' ( Kaston, 1946) – USA,

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tota ...

*'' Robertus borealis'' (Kaston, 1946) – USA, Canada *'' Robertus brachati'' Wunderlich, 2011 – Turkey *''

Robertus calidus The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...

'' Knoflach, 1995 –

*''

Robertus cantabricus ''Robertus cantabricus'' is a spider in the family Theridiidae. The scientific name of this species was first published in 1931 by Jean-Louis Fage Jean-Louis Fage (30 September 1883, in Limoges – 1964, in Dijon) was a French marine biologist an ...

'' Fage, 1931 –

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = '' Plus ultra'' ( Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , ...

*''

Robertus cardesensis The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, ho ...

'' Dresco, 1959 – Spain *''

Robertus crosbyi The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, ho ...

'' (Kaston, 1946) – USA, Canada *''

Robertus emeishanensis The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...

'' Zhu, 1998 – China *''

Robertus eremophilus ''Robertus eremophilus'' is a species of cobweb spider in the family Theridiidae Theridiidae, also known as the tangle-web spiders, cobweb spiders and comb-footed spiders, is a large family of Araneomorphae, araneomorph spiders first described ...

'' Chamberlin, 1928 – USA *'' Robertus floridensis'' (Kaston, 1946) – USA *'' Robertus frivaldszkyi'' (Chyzer, 1894) – Central and south-eastern Europe *'' Robertus frontatus'' (

Banks A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates a demand deposit while simultaneously making loans. Lending activities can be directly performed by the bank or indirectly through capital markets. Because ...

, 1892) – USA, Canada *'' Robertus fuscus'' (

Emerton Emerton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Andrew Emerton (born 1972), British Anglican priest and Bishop-designate of Sherwood * Audrey Emerton, Baroness Emerton (born 1935), British nurse and politician * Brett Emerton (born ...

, 1894) – USA, Canada,

*'' Robertus golovatchi'' Eskov, 1987 –

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to t ...

*'' Robertus heydemanni'' Wiehle, 1965 – Sweden,

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the sou ...

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

, Italy,

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, a ...

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian invas ...

, Russia (Europe to West Siberia),

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental coun ...

*'' Robertus insignis'' O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1908 – Europe *'' Robertus kastoni'' Eskov, 1987 – Russia (

Middle Siberia The Central Siberian Plateau (russian: Среднесибирское плоскогорье, Srednesibirskoye ploskogorye; sah, Орто Сибиир хаптал хайалаах сирэ) is a vast mountainous area in Siberia, one of the Gre ...

Russian Far East The Russian Far East (russian: Дальний Восток России, r=Dal'niy Vostok Rossii, p=ˈdalʲnʲɪj vɐˈstok rɐˈsʲiɪ) is a region in Northeast Asia. It is the easternmost part of Russia and the Asian continent; and is admin ...

), Japan *'' Robertus kuehnae'' Bauchhenss & Uhlenhaut, 1993 –

Belgium Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to ...

, Switzerland, Germany, Austria *'' Robertus laticeps'' (

Keyserling Keyserling is the surname of several members of the noble House of Keyserlingk: * Alexander Keyserling (1815–1891), Russian geologist, paleontologist, botanist and zoologist * Eugen von Keyserling (1833–1889), German arachnologist * Hermann ...

, 1884) – USA *''

Robertus lividus The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' ( non, Hróðr) "fame, glory, honou ...

'' (

Blackwall Blackwall may refer to: Places *Blackwall, London, an area of east London, UK **Blackwall Tunnel, the main crossing of the River Thames in east London **Blackwall Yard, a former shipyard **The former shipyard at Leamouth, London of Thames Ironwor ...

, 1836) – USA (Alaska), Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East),

Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkm ...

*'' Robertus longipalpus'' (Kaston, 1946) – USA, Canada *'' Robertus lyrifer'' Holm, 1939 –

Iceland Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its ...

Scandinavia Scandinavia; Sámi languages: /. ( ) is a subregion in Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples. In English usage, ''Scandinavia'' most commonly refers to Denmark, Norway, and Swe ...

, Austria, Russia (Europe to Far East), Canada *'' Robertus mazaurici'' (

Simon Simon may refer to: People * Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon * Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon * Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...

, 1901) –

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan ar ...

*'' Robertus mediterraneus'' Eskov, 1987 – Mediterranean, Switzerland, Austria,

Eastern Europe Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent. As a largely ambiguous term, it has a wide range of geopolitical, geographical, ethnic, cultural, and socio-economic connotations. The vast majority of the region is covered by Russia, wh ...

, Caucasus *'' Robertus monticola'' Simon, 1914 – France *'' Robertus naejangensis'' Seo, 2005 –

Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republi ...

*'' Robertus neglectus'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871) (

type Type may refer to: Science and technology Computing * Typing, producing text via a keyboard, typewriter, etc. * Data type, collection of values used for computations. * File type * TYPE (DOS command), a command to display contents of a file. * Ty ...

) – Europe, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan *'' Robertus nipponicus'' Yoshida, 1995 – Japan *'' Robertus nojimai'' Yoshida, 2002 – Japan *'' Robertus ogatai'' Yoshida, 1995 – Japan *'' Robertus peregrinus'' Yang, Irfan & Peng, 2019 – China *'' Robertus potanini'' Schenkel, 1963 – China *'' Robertus pumilus'' (Emerton, 1909) – USA *'' Robertus riparius'' (Keyserling, 1886) – USA, Canada *'' Robertus saitoi'' Yoshida, 1995 – Japan *'' Robertus scoticus'' Jackson, 1914 – Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Middle Siberia) *'' Robertus sibiricus'' Eskov, 1987 – Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), Japan *'' Robertus similis'' (Kaston, 1946) – USA *'' Robertus spinifer'' (Emerton, 1909) – USA *'' Robertus subtilis'' Seo, 2015 – Korea *'' Robertus truncorum'' (

L. Koch Ludwig Carl Christian Koch (8 November 1825 – 1 November 1908) was a German entomologist and arachnologist. He was born in Regensburg, Germany, and died in Nuremberg, Germany. He studied in Nuremberg, initially law, but then turned to medicin ...

, 1872) – France to Ukraine *'' Robertus ungulatus'' Vogelsanger, 1944 – Europe, Russia (South Siberia to Far East), China *'' Robertus ussuricus'' Eskov, 1987 – Russia (Far East) *'' Robertus vigerens'' (Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933) – USA, Canada In synonymy: *''R. asper'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871) = ''Robertus neglectus'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871) *''R. exortus'' (Drensky, 1929, T from ''Agroeca'') = ''Robertus frivaldszkyi'' (Chyzer, 1894) *''R. fuscus'' (Emerton, 1911) = ''Robertus fuscus'' (Emerton, 1894) *''R. grasshoffi'' Wunderlich, 1973 = ''Robertus neglectus'' (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871) *''R. palustris'' (Banks, 1892) = ''Robertus laticeps'' (Keyserling, 1884) *''R. paradoxus'' Miller, 1967 = ''Robertus ungulatus'' Vogelsanger, 1944 *''R. terrestris'' (Emerton, 1913) = ''Robertus frontatus'' (Banks, 1892) *''R. umbilicatus'' Denis, 1961 = ''Robertus mazaurici'' (Simon, 1901)

References

Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Asia Spiders of North America Taxa named by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge Theridiidae {{Theridiidae-stub

Species

See also

References