In
vertebrates
Vertebrates () comprise all animal taxa within the subphylum Vertebrata () ( chordates with backbones), including all mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Vertebrates represent the overwhelming majority of the phylum Chordata, wi ...
, a venous plexus is a normal congregation anywhere in the body of multiple
veins
Veins are blood vessels in humans and most other animals that carry blood towards the heart. Most veins carry deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to the heart; exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical veins, both of which carry oxygenated ...
.
A list of venous plexuses:
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Basilar plexus
The basilar plexus (transverse or basilar sinus) consists of several interlacing venous channels between the layers of the dura mater over the basilar part of the occipital bone
The occipital bone () is a cranial dermal bone and the main bone ...
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Batson venous plexus
The Batson venous plexus (Batson veins) is a network of valveless veins in the human body that connect the deep pelvic veins and thoracic veins (draining the inferior end of the urinary bladder, breast and prostate) to the internal vertebral veno ...
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Internal vertebral venous plexuses
The internal vertebral venous plexuses (intraspinal veins) lie within the vertebral canal in the epidural space, and receive tributaries from the bones and from the spinal cord.
They form a closer network than the external plexuses, and, running ...
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* Submucosal venous plexus of the nose
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Uterine venous plexus
The uterine plexuses lie along the sides and superior angles of the uterus between the two layers of the broad ligament
The broad ligament of the uterus is the wide fold of peritoneum that connects the sides of the uterus to the walls and floor o ...
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Vaginal venous plexus
The vaginal venous plexus is a group of veins draining blood from the vagina. It lies around the sides of the vagina. Its blood is eventually into the internal iliac veins.
Structure
The vaginal venous plexus lies around the sides of the vagi ...
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Venous plexus of hypoglossal canal
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Vesical venous plexus
The vesical plexus envelops the lower part of the bladder and the base of the prostate and communicates with the pudendal and prostatic plexuses.
It is drained, by means of several vesical veins, into the internal iliac veins.
References
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* Soleal venous plexus
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Pampiniform venous plexus
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Prostatic venous plexus
The prostatic veins form a well-marked prostatic plexus which lies partly in the fascial sheath of the prostate and partly between the sheath and the prostatic capsule. It communicates with the pudendal and vesical plexuses.
The prostatic veno ...
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Rectal venous plexus
The rectal venous plexus (or hemorrhoidal plexus) surrounds the rectum, and communicates in front with the vesical venous plexus in the male, and the vaginal venous plexus in the female.
A free communication between the portal and systemic venou ...
References
Veins
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