Repetitive Song
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Repetitive songs contain a large proportion of repeated words or phrases. Simple repetitive
song A song is a musical composition performed by the human voice. The voice often carries the melody (a series of distinct and fixed pitches) using patterns of sound and silence. Songs have a structure, such as the common ABA form, and are usu ...
s are common in many cultures as widely spread as the Caribbean, Southern India and Finland. The best-known examples are probably
children's song A children's song may be a nursery rhyme set to music, a song that children invent and share among themselves or a modern creation intended for entertainment, use in the home or education. Although children's songs have been recorded and studie ...
s. Other repetitive songs are found, for instance, in
African-American culture African-American culture, also known as Black American culture or Black culture in American English, refers to the cultural expressions of African Americans, either as part of or distinct from mainstream American culture. African-American/Bl ...
from the days of slavery.


Structure

The simplest songs repeat without end, and are typically work songs. The Guinness Book Of Records cites one washer song that has been sung for decades by people washing clothes, though presumably not all through the night. Self referential songs refer to themselves like
The Song That Doesn't End "The Song That Doesn't End" is a self-reference, self-referential and Infinity, infinitely Iteration, iterative children's song. The song appears in an album by puppeteer Shari Lewis titled ''Lamb Chop's Sing-Along, Play-Along'', released through ...
and may even
recursively Recursion occurs when the definition of a concept or process depends on a simpler or previous version of itself. Recursion is used in a variety of disciplines ranging from linguistics to logic. The most common application of recursion is in m ...
quote their own lyrics, for example " I Know a Song that will Get on Your Nerves" where each verse ends "and this is how it goes."
Cumulative song A cumulative song is a song with a simple verse structure modified by progressive addition so that each verse is longer than the verse before. Cumulative songs are popular for group singing, in part because they require relatively little memoriz ...
s build from one verse to another, like bricks on a pile, as in "
Old McDonald Had a Farm "Old MacDonald Had a Farm" (sometimes shortened to Old MacDonald) is a traditional children's song and nursery rhyme about a farmer and the various animals he keeps. Each verse of the song changes the name of the animal and its respective noise ...
". 'Counting songs' may count up or down, as with "
99 Bottles of Beer "99 Bottles of Beer" or "100 Bottles of Pop on the Wall" is a traditional reverse counting song from the United States and Canada. It is popular to sing on road trips, as it has a very repetitive format which is easy to memorize and can take a lo ...
". " One Man went to Mow" counts up overall, but down in each verse. Decrementing songs generally end before or around zero, for example " Three Craws" (Roud 4582). Incrementing songs are generally stop at the number in the title, though some only have traditional points, such as ten, for "One Man went to Mow". These songs are mathematically bounded once a choice of the maximum number is made. Another type of song describes a circular phenomenon (see
recursion Recursion occurs when the definition of a concept or process depends on a simpler or previous version of itself. Recursion is used in a variety of disciplines ranging from linguistics to logic. The most common application of recursion is in m ...
). In "
There's a Hole in My Bucket "There's a Hole in My Bucket" (or "...in the Bucket") is a humorous, classic children's folk song based on a protracted dialogue between two characters, Henry and Liza, about a leaky bucket. Various versions exist but they differ only slightly, a ...
", the singer-narrator attempts to fix a leaky bucket, only to find out that ultimately one needs to have a functional bucket in order to effect the repair. In "
Where Have All the Flowers Gone? "Where Have All the Flowers Gone?" is a folk song written by American singer-songwriter Pete Seeger in 1955. Inspired lyrically by the traditional Cossack folk song "Koloda-Duda", Seeger borrowed an Irish melody for the music, and published the ...
", flowers were offered to soldiers, who fell in a war, new flowers grew on their graves, those flowers were given to soldiers and so on.


Children's songs

In children's songs, repetition serves various educational purposes: repetition aids memory, can aid in learning punctuation and reading skills, and is very valuable in learning (foreign) languages.


Work songs

See also: ''
Slave Songs of the United States ''Slave Songs of the United States'' was a collection of African American music consisting of 136 songs. Published in 1867, it was the first, and most influential, collection of spirituals to be published. The collectors of the songs were No ...
''. Repetitive songs are also found in traditional
work song A work song is a piece of music closely connected to a form of work, either one sung while conducting a task (usually to coordinate timing) or one linked to a task that may be a connected narrative, description, or protest song. An example is " I ...
s. Examples abound in African-American culture, in political groups, and among traveler, marchers, and walkers.


Examples in English

*" Michael Finnegan" *"
The Song That Never Ends "The Song That Doesn't End" is a self-referential and infinitely iterative children's song. The song appears in an album by puppeteer Shari Lewis titled ''Lamb Chop's Sing-Along, Play-Along'', released through a 1988 home video. It is a single- ...
" *"
There's a Hole in My Bucket "There's a Hole in My Bucket" (or "...in the Bucket") is a humorous, classic children's folk song based on a protracted dialogue between two characters, Henry and Liza, about a leaky bucket. Various versions exist but they differ only slightly, a ...
" *"
John Jacob Jingleheimer Schmidt "John Jacob Jingleheimer Schmidt" is a traditional children's song which consists of one verse repeated, each time increasing or decreasing in volume or tempo. Lyrics and melody There are various lyrics to the song. For example (in the following v ...
" *"
Found a Peanut "Found a Peanut" is a folk song, often considered a children's song, in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Canada, and Israel. In Israel it is titled "I Swallowed a Peanut" (Balati Boten; בלעתי בוטן). It is popular to sing ...
" *"
Versace (song) "Versace" is the debut single by American hip hop group Migos. It was released in July 2013, by Quality Control Music. The track, which was included on their mixtape '' Y.R.N. (Young Rich Niggas)'' (2013), was produced by Zaytoven. Following a re ...
" *"
Yon Yonson "Yon Yonson" or "Jan Jansen" is an infinitely recursive folk song, most popular in the midwestern United States. The song being set in Wisconsin is a satirical reference to Wisconsin's Scandinavian-American culture and heritage. It is also well kn ...
" *" 10 Green Bottles" *"
99 Bottles of Beer "99 Bottles of Beer" or "100 Bottles of Pop on the Wall" is a traditional reverse counting song from the United States and Canada. It is popular to sing on road trips, as it has a very repetitive format which is easy to memorize and can take a lo ...
" *"
Jesus' Blood Never Failed Me Yet ''Jesus' Blood Never Failed Me Yet'' is a 1971 composition by Gavin Bryars based on a Tape loop, loop of an unknown homeless man singing a brief improvised stanza. Rich harmonies, comprising String instrument, string and Brass instrument, bras ...
" *"
Ti amo "Ti amo" (; Italian for "I love you") is a 1977 song recorded by Italian singer Umberto Tozzi from the album ''È nell'aria...ti amo''. It achieved success at the time, becoming a hit in many European countries, including Sweden and Switzerlan ...
" *" Ievan Polkka" (5th stanza) by Loituma, seen frequently in the infamous " Leekspin" animation *"
The Wheels on the Bus "The Wheels on the Bus" is an American folk song written by Verna Hills (1898–1990). The earliest known publishing of the lyrics is the December 1937 issue of '' American Childhood'', originally called "The Bus", with the lyrics being "The whe ...
" *"
If You're Happy and You Know It "If You're Happy and You Know It" is a popular traditional repetitive children's song, folksong, and drinking song. The song has been noted for its similarities to "Molodejnaya", a song appearing in the 1938 Soviet musical film '' Volga-Volga'' ...
" *"
Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes "Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes" is a children's song. The song was documented as early as 1912 and in 1961. It is often sung to the tune of " There Is a Tavern in the Town", although it is sometimes sung to the tune of " Here We Go Round the ...
" *" Badger Song" *" Around the World" *"
The Rockafeller Skank "The Rockafeller Skank" is a song by English big beat musician and DJ Fatboy Slim. It was released as the lead single from his second studio album, '' You've Come a Long Way, Baby'' (1998), on 8 June 1998. The single peaked at number six on the ...
" *"
I'm Henery the Eighth, I Am "I'm Henery the Eighth, I Am" (also "I'm Henery the VIII, I Am" or "I'm Henry VIII, I Am"; spelled "Henery" but pronounced "h-dropping, 'Enery" in the Cockney style normally used to sing it) is a 1910 in music, 1910 British music hall song by Fr ...
" *"
Do What U Want "Do What U Want" is a song by American singer Lady Gaga from her third studio album, '' Artpop'' (2013). Featuring guest vocals from American singer R. Kelly, the song was released as the album's second single on October 21, 2013, by Streamlin ...
" *"
I Want You (She's So Heavy) "I Want You (She's So Heavy)" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by John Lennon and credited to Lennon–McCartney. The song closes side one of their 1969 album ''Abbey Road'' and features Billy Preston playing the organ. ...
" *"
Jack Your Body "Jack Your Body" is a song by American music producer Steve "Silk" Hurley, originally released as a single in 1986. It was included on the album ''Hold on to Your Dream'' (1987) under the alias J.M. Silk. The song topped the UK Singles Chart fo ...
" *"
Why Don't We Do It in the Road? "Why Don't We Do It in the Road?" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, released on their 1968 double album ''The Beatles'' (also known as "the White Album"). Short and simple, it was written and sung by Paul McCartney, but credited to ...
" *" You Know My Name (Look Up the Number)" *"
The Twelve Days of Christmas The Twelve Days of Christmas, also known as the Twelve Days of Christmastide, are the festive Christian season celebrating the Nativity. Christmas Day is the First Day. The Twelve Days are 25 December to 5 January, counting first and last. Th ...
" *"
Gucci Gang "Gucci Gang" is a song by American rapper Lil Pump. It is produced by Bighead and co-produced by Gnealz, and is the fifth single from Lil Pump's self-titled debut album. It was originally released on Pump's SoundCloud account on August 28, 2017, ...
" *"
Green Grow the Rushes, O "Green Grow the Rushes, O" (alternatively "Ho" or "Oh") (also known as "The Twelve Prophets", "The Carol of the Twelve Numbers", "The Teaching Song", "The Dilly Song", or "The Ten Commandments"), is an English folk song ( Roud #133). It is som ...
" *" There Was an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly" *"
Five Little Monkeys "Five Little Monkeys" is an English-language nursery rhyme, children's song, folk song and fingerplay of American origin. It is usually accompanied by a sequence of gestures that mimic the words of the song. Each successive verse sequentiall ...
" *" Who Stole the Cookie from the Cookie Jar" *"
Little Bunny Foo Foo "Little Bunny Foo Foo" is a children's poem and song. The poem consists of four-line sung verses separated by some spoken words. The verses are sung to the tune of the French-Canadian children's song "Alouette" (1879), which is melodically similar ...
" *"
The Farmer in the Dell "The Farmer in the Dell" is a singing game, nursery rhyme, folksong, and children's song. It probably originated in Germany and was brought to America by immigrants.I. Opie and P. Opie, ''The Singing Game'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985) ...
" *"
Ten German Bombers "Ten German Bombers" is a children's song with the tune of "She'll Be Coming 'Round the Mountain". It has been adopted as a football chant by English football fans, and is sung mainly at football matches during international competitions, namely t ...
"


See also

*
Donald Knuth Donald Ervin Knuth ( ; born January 10, 1938) is an American computer scientist and mathematician. He is a professor emeritus at Stanford University. He is the 1974 recipient of the ACM Turing Award, informally considered the Nobel Prize of comp ...
, "
The Complexity of Songs "The Complexity of Songs" is a scholarly article by computer scientist Donald Knuth published in 1977 as an in-joke about computational complexity theory. The article capitalizes on what it argues is the tendency of popular songs to devolve from lo ...
" *
Cumulative song A cumulative song is a song with a simple verse structure modified by progressive addition so that each verse is longer than the verse before. Cumulative songs are popular for group singing, in part because they require relatively little memoriz ...
*
Repetitive music Repetition is important in music, where sounds or sequences are often repeated. It may be called restatement, such as the restatement of a theme. While it plays a role in all music, with noise and musical tones lying along a spectrum from irregu ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Repetitive Song Children's songs Folk songs Lullabies Work music Song forms Repetition (music)