In mathematics, the term quadratic describes something that pertains to
squares
In geometry, a square is a regular polygon, regular quadrilateral. It has four straight sides of equal length and four equal angles. Squares are special cases of rectangles, which have four equal angles, and of rhombuses, which have four equal si ...
, to the operation of squaring, to terms of the second
degree, or equations or formulas that involve such terms. ''Quadratus'' is
Latin
Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...
for ''square''.
Mathematics
Algebra (elementary and abstract)
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Quadratic function (or quadratic polynomial), a polynomial function that contains terms of at most second degree
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Complex quadratic polynomials, are particularly interesting for their sometimes chaotic properties under iteration
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Quadratic equation
In mathematics, a quadratic equation () is an equation that can be rearranged in standard form as
ax^2 + bx + c = 0\,,
where the variable (mathematics), variable represents an unknown number, and , , and represent known numbers, where . (If and ...
, a polynomial equation of degree 2 (reducible to 0 = ''ax''
2 + ''bx'' + ''c'')
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Quadratic formula, calculation to solve a quadratic equation for the independent variable (''x'')
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Quadratic field, an algebraic number field of degree two over the field of rational numbers
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Quadratic irrational or "quadratic surd", an irrational number that is a root of a quadratic polynomial
Calculus
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Quadratic integral, the integral of the reciprocal of a second-degree polynomial
Statistics and stochastics
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Quadratic form (statistics), scalar quantity ε'Λε for an ''n''-dimensional square matrix
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Quadratic mean, the square root of the mean of the squares of the data
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Quadratic variation, in stochastics, useful for the analysis of Brownian motion and martingales
Number theory
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Quadratic reciprocity, a theorem from number theory
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Quadratic residue, an integer that is a square modulo ''n''
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Quadratic sieve, a modern integer factorization algorithm
Other mathematics
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Quadratic convergence, in which the distance to a convergent sequence's limit is squared at each step
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Quadratic differential, a form on a Riemann surface that locally looks like the square of an abelian differential
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Quadratic form
In mathematics, a quadratic form is a polynomial with terms all of degree two (" form" is another name for a homogeneous polynomial). For example,
4x^2 + 2xy - 3y^2
is a quadratic form in the variables and . The coefficients usually belong t ...
, a homogeneous polynomial of degree two in any number of variables
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Quadratic programming, a special type of mathematical optimization problem
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Quadratic growth, an asymptotic growth rate proportional to a quadratic function
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Periodic points of complex quadratic mappings, a type of graph that can be used to explore stability in control systems
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Quadratic Bézier curve, a type of Bézier curve
Computer science
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Quadratic probing, a scheme in computer programming for resolving collisions in hash tables
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Quadratic classifier, used in machine learning to separate measurements of two or more classes of objects
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Quadratic time, in referring to algorithms with quadratic time complexity
Other
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''Quadratic'' (collection), a 1953 collection of science fiction novels by Olaf Stapledon and Murray Leinster
See also
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Cubic (disambiguation), relating to a
cube or
degree 3, as next higher above ''quadratic''
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Linear, relating to a line or degree 1, as next lower below ''quadratic''
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Quad (disambiguation)
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Quadratic transformation (disambiguation)
{{mathematical disambiguation