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This is a list of the rulers of the
Principality of Capua The Principality of Capua ( la, italic=yes, Principatus Capuae or ''Capue'', it, italic=yes, Principato di Capua) was a Lombard state centred on Capua in Southern Italy, usually ''de facto'' independent, but under the varying suzerainty of H ...
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Lombard rulers of Capua


Gastalds and counts

The
gastald A gastald (Latin ''gastaldus'' or ''castaldus''; Italian ''gastaldo'' or ''guastaldo'') was a Lombard official in charge of some portion of the royal demesne (a gastaldate, ''gastaldia'' or ''castaldia'') with civil, martial, and judicial powers. ...
s (or counts) of Capua were
vassal A vassal or liege subject is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe. While the subordinate party is called a vassal, the dominant party is called a suzerain ...
s of the princes of Benevento until the early 840s, when Gastald Landulf began to clamour for the independence which Salerno had recently declared. That caused a civil war in Benevento which did not cease for some ten years and by the end of the 9th century Capua was definitively independent. *???–663 Thrasimund, as count ::... * 840–843 Landulf I ''il vecchio'' * 843–861 Lando I (son of prec.) * 861 Lando II ''Cyruttu'' (son of prec., deposed) * 861–862 Pando ''il rapace'' (uncle of prec., usurper) * 862–863 Pandenulf (son of prec., deposed) * 863–866 Landulf II ''il vescovo'' (also Bishop of Capua, uncle of prec., usurper, deposed) * 866–871 Lambert I ''di Spoleto'' (also Duke of Spoleto, unrelated, imposed by Emperor Louis II, deposed) * 871–879 Landulf II ''il vescovo'' (reinstated) * 879–882 Pandenulf (reinstated) * 882–885 Lando III (cousin of prec., usurper) * 885–887 Landenulf I (brother of prec.) * 887–910 Atenulf I (brother of prec.) ** 901–910 Landulf III, co-ruler


Princes

In 910, the principalities of Benevento and Capua were united by conquest (Atenulf's) and declared inseparable. This, and the inevitable co-rule of sons and brothers, causes ceaseless confusion to any historian of the period, even more so to his readers. * 910–943 Landulf III, co-ruled from 901 (see directly above) ** 911–940 Atenulf II, co-ruler ** 940–943 Landulf IV, co-ruler (perhaps from 939) ** 933–943
Atenulf III Carinola Atenulf III, called Atenulf of Carinola, was the co- prince of Capua and Benevento from 933, when his father, Landulf I, and uncle, Atenulf II, made him so. His younger brother Landulf the Red succeeded co-prince Atenulf in 939 or 940. When the ...
, co-ruler * 943–961 Landulf IV the Red, co-ruled from 940 (see above) ** 943–961 Pandulf I Ironhead, co-ruler ** 959–961 Landulf V, co-ruler * 961–968 Landulf V, co-ruling with his brother (perhaps to 969, see directly below), also co-ruled from 959 (see directly above) * 961–981 Pandulf I Ironhead, co-ruling with his brother (see directly above), also co-ruled from 943 (see above), also Duke of Spoleto (from 967), Salerno (from 978), and Benevento (from 961) ** 968–981 Landulf VI, co-ruler In 982, the principalities were finally ripped apart by Pandulf Ironhead's division of his vast holdings and by imperial decree, but the chronology gets no less confusing. * 981–982 Landulf VI * 982–993 Landenulf II * 993–999 Laidulf * 999 Adhemar * 999–1007 Landulf VII * 1007–1022 Pandulf II ** 1009–1014 Pandulf III, co-ruler * 1016–1022 Pandulf IV, called ''the Wolf of the Abruzzi'' * 1022–1026 Pandulf V, also count of Teano ** 1023–1026
John John is a common English name and surname: * John (given name) * John (surname) John may also refer to: New Testament Works * Gospel of John, a title often shortened to John * First Epistle of John, often shortened to 1 John * Secon ...
, co-ruler * 1026–1038 Pandulf IV, second time * 1038–1047 Guaimar, also
Prince of Salerno This page is a list of the rulers of the Principality of Salerno. When Prince Sicard of Benevento was assassinated by Radelchis in 839, the people of Salerno promptly proclaimed his brother, Siconulf, prince. War raged between Radelchis and Sico ...
* 1047–1050 Pandulf IV, third time * 1050–1057 Pandulf VI * 1057–1058 Landulf VIII


Norman princes of Capua

These princes were of the Drengot line and served as a counterpoise to the
House of Hauteville The Hauteville ( it, Altavilla) was a Normans, Norman family originally of Seigneur, seigneurial rank from the Cotentin. The Hautevilles rose to prominence through their part in the Norman conquest of southern Italy. By 1130, one of their members, ...
until it had finally lost all power. The chronology here, too, can be very confusing due to the rivalry between the Robert II and Roger II of Sicily and his sons. * 1058–1078
Richard I Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death in 1199. He also ruled as Duke of Normandy, Aquitaine and Gascony, Lord of Cyprus, and Count of Poitiers, Anjou, Maine, and Nantes, and was ...
* 1078–1091 Jordan I * 1091–1106 Richard II ** 1092–1098 Lando IV, held Capua in opposition to Richard II * 1106–1120 Robert I * 1120 Richard III * 1120–1127 Jordan II * 1127–1156 Robert II ** 1135–1144
Alfonso Alphons (Latinized ''Alphonsus'', ''Adelphonsus'', or ''Adefonsus'') is a male given name recorded from the 8th century (Alfonso I of Asturias, r. 739–757) in the Christian successor states of the Visigothic kingdom in the Iberian peninsula. ...
, son of Roger II ** 1144–1154
William William is a male given name of Germanic origin.Hanks, Hardcastle and Hodges, ''Oxford Dictionary of First Names'', Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, , p. 276. It became very popular in the English language after the Norman conquest of Engl ...
, son of Roger II To the Kingdom of Sicily, where it became an appanage for second sons: * 1155–1158 Robert (III) * 1166–1172
Henry Henry may refer to: People *Henry (given name) * Henry (surname) * Henry Lau, Canadian singer and musician who performs under the mononym Henry Royalty * Portuguese royalty ** King-Cardinal Henry, King of Portugal ** Henry, Count of Portugal, ...
{{Neapolitan royal titles
Capua Capua ( , ) is a city and ''comune'' in the province of Caserta, in the region of Campania, southern Italy, situated north of Naples, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain. History Ancient era The name of Capua comes from the Etrus ...
Capua Capua ( , ) is a city and ''comune'' in the province of Caserta, in the region of Campania, southern Italy, situated north of Naples, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain. History Ancient era The name of Capua comes from the Etrus ...