Pellegrino Tibaldi (
Valsolda
Valsolda is a ''comune'' (municipality) of about 1,400 inhabitants in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy on the border with Switzerland. It is located about north of Milan, about north of Como and east of Lugano.
Valsolda (''Va ...
, 1527–
Milan
Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
, 1596), also known as Pellegrino di Tibaldo de Pellegrini, was an Italian
mannerist
Mannerism, which may also be known as Late Renaissance, is a style in European art that emerged in the later years of the Italian High Renaissance around 1520, spreading by about 1530 and lasting until about the end of the 16th century in Ita ...
architect
An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...
,
sculptor
Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...
, and
mural
A mural is any piece of graphic artwork that is painted or applied directly to a wall, ceiling or other permanent substrate. Mural techniques include fresco, mosaic, graffiti and marouflage.
Word mural in art
The word ''mural'' is a Spani ...
painter.
Biography
Tibaldi was born in
Puria di Valsolda, then part of the
duchy of Milan, but grew up in
Bologna
Bologna (, , ; egl, label=Emilian language, Emilian, Bulåggna ; lat, Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna region in Northern Italy. It is the seventh most populous city in Italy with about 400,000 inhabitants and 1 ...
. His father worked as
stonemason. He may have apprenticed with
Bagnacavallo
Bagnacavallo ( rgn, Bagnacavàl) is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Ravenna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy.
The Renaissance painter Bartolomeo Ramenghi bore the nickname of his native city.
Main sights
*''Castellaccio'' (15th century)
* Gia ...
or
Innocenzo da Imola. His first documented painting was likely as at 15 years of age, a ''Marriage of Saint Catherine''.
left, San Sebastiano (Milan)
In 1547, he went to
Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus (legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
to study under
Perin del Vaga
Perino (or Perin) del Vaga (nickname of Piero Bonaccorsi) (1501 – October 19, 1547) was an Italian painter and draughtsman of the Late Renaissance/Mannerism.
Biography
Perino was born near Florence. His father ruined himself by gambling, an ...
. He was employed in the decoration of the ''Sala del Consiglio'' of
Castel Sant'Angelo. When Perino died in 1547, Tibaldi became the leader in the large-scale
fresco painting of the chambers and doorways (1547–1549). The frescoes are described as
Michelangelesque in influence.
Other works were for
Cardinal Giovanni Poggi in Bologna, and he carried out numerous commissions for him. Tibaldi painted frescoes of the Story of Ulysses in the
Palazzo Poggi
The Palazzo Poggi is a ''palazzo'' in Via Zamboni 33, Bologna, Italy.
It is the headquarters of the University of Bologna and of the rector of the university.
History
The Palazzo Poggi was built as the home of Alessandro Poggi and his brother th ...
, scenes from the life of the Baptist in the Poggi chapel, and scenes from the Life of Moses in the
Palazzo Sacchetti
A palace is a grand residence, especially a royal residence, or the home of a head of state or some other high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop. The word is derived from the Latin name palātium, for Palatine Hill in Rome which ...
in Rome. He constructed a chapel for his patron, in the church of S. Giacomo Maggiore, and painted for it a ''St. John preaching in the Wilderness'', and the ''Division of the Elect from the Damned''. The Cardinal Poggi next employed him in the erection of a chapel in the
Basilica della Santa Casa
The Basilica della Santa Casa ( en, Basilica of the Holy House) is a Marian shrine in Loreto, in the Marches, Italy. The basilica is known for enshrining the house in which the Blessed Virgin Mary is believed by some Catholics to have lived. Pio ...
,
Loreto, where he painted the ''Nativity'', the ''Presentation in the Temple'', the ''Transfiguration'' and ''Decollation of St. John''.
He lived in
Ancona
Ancona (, also , ) is a city and a seaport in the Marche region in central Italy, with a population of around 101,997 . Ancona is the capital of the province of Ancona and of the region. The city is located northeast of Rome, on the Adriatic ...
between 1558 and 1561. Here he painted frescoes for
Loggia dei Mercanti and Palazzo Ferretti. In 1561, he met Cardinal
Carlo Borromeo
Charles Borromeo ( it, Carlo Borromeo; la, Carolus Borromeus; 2 October 1538 – 3 November 1584) was the Archbishop of Milan from 1564 to 1584 and a cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was a leading figure of the Counter-Reformation combat ...
, who employed him in Milan mostly as architect in the nearly endless task of constructing the cathedral, working on various projects in the cathedral, the courtyard of the archiepiscopal palace (1564–70),
San Fedele (1569–1579) and
San Sebastiano (1577). In
Milan
Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...
he worked also as a civil architect, projecting the Spinola, Erba Odescalchi and Prospero Visconti palaces. In 1575 he was commissioned by Cardinal
Tolomeo Gallio the construction of
Villa d'Este on the shores of
Lake Como. In
Pavia
Pavia (, , , ; la, Ticinum; Medieval Latin: ) is a town and comune of south-western Lombardy in northern Italy, south of Milan on the lower Ticino river near its confluence with the Po. It has a population of c. 73,086. The city was the cap ...
, again for Cardinal
Charles Borromeo
Charles Borromeo ( it, Carlo Borromeo; la, Carolus Borromeus; 2 October 1538 – 3 November 1584) was the Archbishop of Milan from 1564 to 1584 and a cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was a leading figure of the Counter-Reformation combat ...
, Tibaldi designed the monumental building of the
Almo Collegio Borromeo: a university boarding school set on an airy courtyard with a perfect quadrature, characterized by the elegant
Serlian architectural design of the two orders of loggias. Also in Pavia, commissioned by
Pope Pius V
Pope Pius V ( it, Pio V; 17 January 1504 – 1 May 1572), born Antonio Ghislieri (from 1518 called Michele Ghislieri, O.P.), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 January 1566 to his death in May 1572. He is v ...
, Tibaldi was entrusted with the construction of the
Collegio Ghislieri in 1567. Following the severe and ascetic character of the Counter-Reformation Pope, who had wanted a functional but not sumptuous construction for his college, Tibaldi interpreted this approach of the client by creating a three-storey building, with a square plan, imposing but not empty scenographic, with internal spaces functional to the community life that takes place there.
In 1586 he went to
Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
, where he followed and replaced
Federico Zuccari
Federico Zuccaro, also known as Federico Zuccari (c. 1540/1541August 6, 1609), was an Italian Mannerist painter and architect, active both in Italy and abroad.
Biography
Zuccaro was born at Sant'Angelo in Vado, near Urbino (Marche).
His docum ...
as main court painter. He painted in the lower cloisters of
El Escorial
El Escorial, or the Royal Site of San Lorenzo de El Escorial ( es, Monasterio y Sitio de El Escorial en Madrid), or Monasterio del Escorial (), is a historical residence of the King of Spain located in the town of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, u ...
at the request of King
Philip II Philip II may refer to:
* Philip II of Macedon (382–336 BC)
* Philip II (emperor) (238–249), Roman emperor
* Philip II, Prince of Taranto (1329–1374)
* Philip II, Duke of Burgundy (1342–1404)
* Philip II, Duke of Savoy (1438-1497)
* Philip ...
. His greatest work were frescoes in the librar
http://www.delacuadra.net/escorial/tx-es-it.ht
After nine years, he returned to Italy and was appointed architect of the
Duomo di Milano, Duomo of Milan until his death in Milan in 1592.
Pellegrino's brother, Domenico Pellegrino Tibaldi was an engraver active in Bologna. Among his pupils were
Orazio Samacchini
Orazio Samacchini (20 December 1532 – 12 June 1577) was an Italian painter of the late-Renaissance and Mannerist style, active in Rome, Parma, and his native city.
Biography
He was born and died in Bologna. A close friend of Lorenzo Sabbatini, ...
,
Lorenzo Sabbatini
Lorenzo Sabbatini or Sabatini, Sabattini or Sabadini (c. 1530–1576), sometimes referred to as Lorenzino da Bologna, was an Italian painter of the Mannerist period from Bologna.
Biography
Sabbatini was born in Bologna and studied with Pr ...
, and Girolamo Miruoli.
[Bryan, page 158.] His son
Domenico Tibaldi is known mainly as an architect in Bologna.
Partial anthology of works
*''Marriage of Saint Catherine'' –
Pinacoteca, Bologna
*''St Michael fresco'' –
Castel Sant'Angelo, Rome
*''The Adoration of Christ by Shepherds'' –
Galleria Borghese
The Galleria Borghese () is an art gallery in Rome, Italy, housed in the former Villa Borghese Pinciana. At the outset, the gallery building was integrated with its gardens, but nowadays the Villa Borghese gardens are considered a separate touris ...
, Rome
*''Conception of John the Baptist'' (1555) – San Giorgio Maggiore, Bologna
*''Preaching to the Multitude'', (San Giorgio Maggiore, Bologna)
*''Holy Family and Saint John the Baptist'' (attributed) – Indianapolis Museum of Art
The Indianapolis Museum of Art (IMA) is an encyclopedic art museum located at Newfields, a campus that also houses Lilly House, The Virginia B. Fairbanks Art & Nature Park: 100 Acres, the Gardens at Newfields, the Beer Garden, and more. It ...
*''Baptism of Christ'' – Ancona
* Altarpiece – Sant'Agostino, Ancona
*''Incredulity of Thomas'' (1565) – drawing, 1565, Ambrosiana, Milan
* ''The Incredulity of Thomas'' (recto); ''Study for the Figure of Thomas'' (verso) – drawing, Getty Museum
*''The Beheading of St. John the Baptist'' – Pinacoteca di Brera
The Pinacoteca di Brera ("Brera Art Gallery") is the main public gallery for paintings in Milan, Italy. It contains one of the foremost collections of Italian paintings from the 13th to the 20th century, an outgrowth of the cultural program of ...
, Milan
*''Madonna and Child'' – Private collection
*''Holy Family and Holy Elizabeth
*''Allegory of Silence'' (1569) – Museo Civico, Bologna
*''Blinding of Polyphemus'' – International Museum and Library of Music of Bologna, Palazzo Sanguinetti
*''Life of the Virgin'' – Escorial
El Escorial, or the Royal Site of San Lorenzo de El Escorial ( es, Monasterio y Sitio de El Escorial en Madrid), or Monasterio del Escorial (), is a historical residence of the King of Spain located in the town of San Lorenzo de El Escorial, up ...
, Madrid
*''Passion of Christ'' – Escorial, Madrid
*''Ecce Homo'' (1589) – El Escorial, Madrid
*''St. Michael'' – El Escorial, Madrid
*''Martyrdom of St. Lawrence'' – Escorial, Madrid
* "Story of Joseph" Montreal Museum of Fine Arts
The Montreal Museum of Fine Arts (MMFA; french: Musée des beaux-arts de Montréal, MBAM) is an art museum in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is the largest art museum in Canada by gallery space. The museum is located on the historic Golden Square ...
, Montreal, Canada
References
*The Age of Correggio and the Carracci: Emilian Painting of the 16th and 17th Centuries (exh. cat., Washington, N.G.A.; New York, Met.; Bologna, Pinacoteca; 1986)
*''Painting in Italy 1500–1600'',
S. J. Freedberg, (Penguin History of Art, 2nd Edition, 1983). 567–572.
Pellegrino Tibaldi–
Catholic Encyclopedia
The ''Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church'' (also referred to as the ''Old Catholic Encyclopedia'' and the ''Original Catholic Encyclopedia'') i ...
article
*
External links
Scholarly articlesin English about Pellegrino Tibaldi. Workshop of both in web an
PDF@ th
Spanish Old Masters Gallery
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tibaldi, Pellegrino
1527 births
1596 deaths
People from the Province of Como
16th-century Italian architects
Italian Renaissance architects
Architects from Milan
Italian muralists
16th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
Painters from Milan
Mannerist painters
16th-century Italian sculptors
Italian male sculptors