Paul Grohmann (12 June 1838 – 29 July 1908) was an Austrian

mountaineer Mountaineering or alpinism, is a set of outdoor activities that involves ascending tall mountains. Mountaineering-related activities include traditional outdoor climbing, skiing, and traversing via ferratas. Indoor climbing, sport climbing, a ...

and writer.

Biography

Grohmann was a pioneer in exploring technically challenging mountains and is thought to have made more first ascents of

Eastern Alps Eastern Alps is the name given to the eastern half of the Alps, usually defined as the area east of a line from Lake Constance and the Alpine Rhine valley up to the Splügen Pass at the Alpine divide and down the Liro River to Lake Como in t ...

summits than anyone else. Among these are the four highest summits in the

Dolomites The Dolomites ( it, Dolomiti ; Ladin: ''Dolomites''; german: Dolomiten ; vec, Dołomiti : fur, Dolomitis), also known as the Dolomite Mountains, Dolomite Alps or Dolomitic Alps, are a mountain range located in northeastern Italy. They form pa ...

. In 1862, Grohman,

Friedrich Simony Friedrich Simony (30 November 1813, Hrochowteinitz – 20 July 1896, Sankt Gallen) was an Austrian geographer and Alpine researcher. Initially trained as a pharmacist, from 1836 he studied natural sciences at the University of Vienna by way ...

and Edmund von Mojsvár founded the

Austrian Alpine Club The Austrian Alpine Club (german: Österreichischer Alpenverein) has about 573,000 members in 196 sections and is the largest mountaineering organisation in Austria. It is responsible for the upkeep of over 234 alpine huts in Austria and neighbo ...

. This was the second mountaineering club in the world, following the founding of the British Alpine Club in 1857. In 1875, he published a detailed map of the

(''Karte der Dolomit-Alpen'') and, in 1877, the travel book ''Wanderungen in den Dolomiten'', which significantly stimulated mountain tourism in the area. In his honor, the as yet unclimbed ''Sasso di Levante'' in the Langkofel

was renamed Grohmannspitze in 1875. The west peak of the

Kellerspitzen The twin peaks of the Kellerspitzen ( it, Creta delle Chianevate) form the second highest mountain () in the Carnic Alps, a mountain range in the Southern Limestone Alps. The two summits rise in the middle of the east-west oriented ''Kellerwand ...

in the

Carnic Alps The Carnic Alps ( it, Alpi Carniche; german: Karnische Alpen; sl, Karnijske Alpe; fur, Alps Cjargnelis) are a range of the Southern Limestone Alps in Austria and northeastern Italy. They are within Austrian East Tyrol and Carinthia, and Itali ...

, which he first-ascended in 1868, is also known as Grohmannspitze. Already in 1898, 10 years before his death, the town of Urtijëi erected a monument to honor his many first ascents in the Dolomites. Since 1984 there is a ''Grohmann street'' in Vienna's

Donaustadt Donaustadt (; literally, Danube City; Central Bavarian: ''Donaustod'') is the 22nd district of Vienna, Austria (german: 22. Bezirk, Donaustadt). Donaustadt is the eastern district of Vienna.Statistik Austria, 2007, webpage statistik.at-23450. ...

district.

First ascents

Among the many peaks he and his guides were the first to ascend are: * Hochalmspitze in the

Hohe Tauern The High Tauern ( pl.; german: Hohe Tauern, it, Alti Tauri) are a mountain range on the main chain of the Central Eastern Alps, comprising the highest peaks east of the Brenner Pass. The crest forms the southern border of the Austrian states of ...

(15 August 1859) with guides "Lenzbauer" and Franz Moidele * Tofana di Mezzo in the

(29 August 1863), with the guide :it:Francesco Lacedelli * Antelao (Dolomites) (18 September 1863) with guides Francesco and Alessandro Lacedelli and Matteo Ossi * Boespitze (Dolomites) (30 July 1864) with G. Irschara (though previously climbed by hunters)Erschliessung der Ostalpen, p. 258 *

Tofana di Rozes Tofana di Rozes () is a mountain of the Dolomites in the Province of Belluno, Veneto, Italy. Located west of the resort of Cortina d'Ampezzo, the mountain's giant three-edged pyramid shape and its vertical south face, above the Falzarego Pass, m ...

(Dolomites) (29 August 1864) with Francesco Lacedelli, :it:Angelo Dimai and Santo Siorpaes * Sorapiss (Dolomites) (16 September 1864) with Francesco Lacedelli and Angelo Dimai *

Marmolada Marmolada (Ladin: ''Marmolèda''; German: ''Marmolata'', ) is a mountain in northeastern Italy and the highest mountain of the Dolomites (a section of the Alps). It lies between the borders of Trentino and Veneto. The Marmolada is an ultra- ...

(Dolomites) (28 September 1864) with guides Angelo and Fulgentio Dimai * Hochfeiler ( Zillertal Alps) (24 Juli 1865) with the guides Josele Samer and Peter Fuchs * Monte Cristallo (Dolomites) (14 September 1865), with guides Santo Siorpaes and Angelo Dimai * Hohe Warte (

) (30 September 1865) with Nicolò Sottocorona and "the farmer Hofer" * Olperer (Zillertal Alps) (10 September 1867) with guides Josele Samer and Gainer Jackele * Kellerwand (Carnic Alps) (14 July 1868) with Josef Moser and Peter Salcher * Dreischusterspitze (Dolomites) (18 July 1869) with guides Peter Salcher and :de:Franz Innerkofler * Langkofel (Dolomites) (13 August 1869) with guides Peter Salcher and Franz Innerkofler * Große Zinne (Dolomites) (21 August 1869), with guides Franz Innerkofler and Peter SalcherErschliessung der Ostalpen, p. 509

References

External links

Grohmanns monument in Urtijëi, publications (checked on October, 2 2010)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Grohmann, Paul 1838 births 1908 deaths Austrian mountain climbers Austrian male writers Sportspeople from Vienna