Puadhi (

Gurmukhi Gurmukhī ( pa, ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ, , Shahmukhi: ) is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504–1552). It is used by Punjabi Sikhs to write the language, commonl ...

: ; IAST: uādhī sometimes spelled as Poadhi, Powadhi, or Pwadhi) is a dialect of

Punjabi Punjabi, or Panjabi, most often refers to: * Something of, from, or related to Punjab, a region in India and Pakistan * Punjabi language * Punjabi people * Punjabi dialects and languages Punjabi may also refer to: * Punjabi (horse), a British Th ...

primarily spoken in the Puadh region of

northern India North India is a loosely defined region consisting of the northern part of India. The dominant geographical features of North India are the Indo-Gangetic Plain and the Himalayas, which demarcate the region from the Tibetan Plateau and Central ...

. It is spoken between the

Sutlej The Sutlej or Satluj River () is the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic crossroads region of Punjab in northern India and Pakistan. The Sutlej River is also known as ''Satadru''. It is the easternmost tributary of the In ...

and Ghaggar river basins in the present day states of

Punjab Punjab (; Punjabi: پنجاب ; ਪੰਜਾਬ ; ; also romanised as ''Panjāb'' or ''Panj-Āb'') is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising ...

and

Haryana Haryana (; ) is an Indian state located in the northern part of the country. It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 Nov 1966 on a linguistic basis. It is ranked 21st in terms of area, with less than 1.4% () of India's land ...

, and the union territory of

Chandigarh Chandigarh () is a planned city in India. Chandigarh is bordered by the state of Punjab to the west and the south, and by the state of Haryana to the east. It constitutes the bulk of the Chandigarh Capital Region or Greater Chandigarh, which ...

. Puadh extends from Rupnagar near Satluj up to the Ghaggar river and its tributaries, Markanda and Som in the east, which lie in northern Haryana up to Kala Amb in Nahan district of Himachal Pradesh. To the west it extends into the Puadh tract of Ludhiana where the westernmost spoken varieties of the Puadhi dialect form a continuum with Malwai and in north it blend with doabiPunjab District Gazetteers: Patiala
/ref> Puadhi's western boundary also extends into Fatehgarh Sahib and Patiala districts and its influence is observed in the southwest in the adjacent areas of Kaithal and Kurukshetra districts up to northern areas of Jind distinct such as Ujhana and Dhamtan Sahib and its westernmost boundary extends into parts of Fatehabad district of Haryana. The language is spoken over a large area in present Punjab as well as Haryana. Puadhi is also spoken in other areas: Kharar, Kurali, Rupnagar, Morinda,

, Pail, Rajpura, Samrala in Punjab as well as

Ambala Ambala () is a city and a municipal corporation in Ambala district in the state of Haryana, India, located on the border with the Indian state of Punjab and in proximity to both states capital Chandigarh. Politically, Ambala has two sub-area ...

, Naraingarh, Sadaura,

Panchkula Panchkula (PKL) is a planned city and district headquarter in the Panchkula district, part of the Ambala division in Haryana, India. The origin of the name Panchkula came from the place where five irrigation canals meet. Panchkula establis ...

, Shahabad, Barara, Thana Chappar], Bilaspur,

Saraswati Nagar Saraswati Nagar is a Town in Yamunanagar District in the Indian state of Haryana.

Pehowa Pehowa is a town and a municipal committee in Kurukshetra district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is an important sacred Hindu pilgrimage site, related to Krishna and Mahabharata, within the 48 Kos Parikrama of Kurukshetra. The Hindu geneal ...

, North of Kaithal and Tohana etc. in

Grammar

Genitive In grammar, the genitive case ( abbreviated ) is the grammatical case that marks a word, usually a noun, as modifying another word, also usually a noun—thus indicating an attributive relationship of one noun to the other noun. A genitive can ...

postposition: The genitive case particles of ਕਾ kā, ਕੀ kī, ਕੇ ke and ਕੀਆਂ kiān are found in Puadhi, as compared to most other dialects which use ਦਾ dā, ਦੀ dī, ਦੇ de and ਦੀਆਂ diān. Puadhi shares this grammatical trait with neighbouring dialects of Bangru and Bagri. In Punjabi, this form of second case is also observed intermittently in villages that speak Malwai. *

Ablative In grammar, the ablative case (pronounced ; sometimes abbreviated ) is a grammatical case for nouns, pronouns, and adjectives in the grammars of various languages; it is sometimes used to express motion away from something, among other uses. ...

postposition: ਤੇ te is the Puadhi equivalent of Majhi ਤੋਂ ton, similarly ਗੇਲੇ gele is used instead of ਨਾਲੋਂ nalon. * Topic marker: In addition to ਤੇ te and ਤਾ ta, ਤੋ to and ਤੌ tō are also commonly used. The latter ਤੌ is pronounced as a diphthong when emphasized. All four nominative particles are the same in Puadhi as in Bangru, which is spoken to its immediate south.

Vocabulary

The Puadhi dialect has many words that differ from other dialects of Punjabi. Map of the Puadh region

Examples

References

{{Punjabi dialects Languages of India Languages of Punjab, India Punjabi dialects

Grammar

Vocabulary

Examples

See also

References