civil engineering Civil engineering is a regulation and licensure in engineering, professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads ...

and

project management Project management is the process of supervising the work of a Project team, team to achieve all project goals within the given constraints. This information is usually described in project initiation documentation, project documentation, crea ...

, process management is the management of "systematic series of activities directed towards causing an end result such that one or more inputs will be acted upon to create one or more outputs".PMI (2012), "Process" definition, in: ''A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge'', 5th Ed. Process management offers project organizations a means of applying the same quality improvement and defect reduction techniques used in business and manufacturing processes by taking a process view of project activity; modeling discrete activities and high-level processes.Mitchell (2016). See Chapter 3 Process Management—Evolution and Definition.

Overview

The term ''process management'' usually refers to the management of engineering processes and project management processes where a ''process'' is a collection of related, structured tasks that produce a specific service or product to address a certain goal for a particular organization, actor or set of actors. Processes can be executed with procedures. They can be described as a sequence of steps that can execute a process and their value lies in that they are an accepted method of accomplishing a consistent performance or results. Process management provides engineering and project managers with a means of systemically thinking of project organizations,

semantics Semantics is the study of linguistic Meaning (philosophy), meaning. It examines what meaning is, how words get their meaning, and how the meaning of a complex expression depends on its parts. Part of this process involves the distinction betwee ...

concepts and logical frameworks that allow project activities to be planned, executed, analyzed and facilitate learning. In order for process management as defined to deliver consistent performance, it requires definition, elimination of non-

value-added Value added is a term in economics for calculating the difference between market value of a product or service, and the sum value of its constituents. It is relatively expressed by the demand curve, supply-demand curve for specific units of sale. ...

activities, continuous improvement,

project stakeholder Project stakeholders are persons or entities who have an interest in a specific project. According to the Project Management Institute (PMI), the term ''project stakeholder'' refers to "an individual, group, or organization, who may affect, be affe ...

focus and team based approach. Mitchell (2016) notes that managing processes across divisional and organizational boundaries requires a more flexible management strategy as well as close cooperation among managers in diverse functional and operational units to ensure that the process flow is not interrupted by conflicts over lines of authority.

History

Process management originated as part of the manufacturing-based application of statistical quality control movement in the late 1920s and early 1930s. What is relatively new, however, is the transition of process management methods from a manufacturing environment to a total company orientation and project management. Process management in the context of project management or engineering represents a change from the traditional concept of organizational authority using hierarchies and organizational structure to one requiring flexibility to ensure efficient process workflows. Mitchell (2016) notes that managing processes across divisional and organizational boundaries requires a more flexible management strategy as well as close cooperation among managers in diverse functional and operational units to ensure that the process flow is not interrupted by conflicts over lines of authority. Cooper, et al. note that manufacturing has been "a constant reference point and a source of innovation in construction". There is a new phenomenon occurring within the construction sector that is based upon the development and use of fundamental core management processes to improve the efficiency of the industry.

Topics

The notion of process

In the field of process management the notion of process, according to Mitchell (2016), can be characterized by: * Why become a project management professional? * Comprehensive program management. These concepts provides management with the following: *A way of thinking systematically about the behavior of people at work in an organizational setting. *A vocabulary of terms, concepts, theories, and methodologies that allow work experiences to be clearly analyzed, shared, and discussed. *Techniques for dealing with many of the problems that commonly occur in the work setting Process management in this context requires engineering knowledge, management activities and skill sets whereas business processes or manufacturing processes require operations management activities, and skill sets.

Tools and models

Process models are 'an effective way to show how a process works'. Project management process modeling tools provide managers and engineering professionals with the ability to model their processes, implement and execute those models, and refine the models based on actual performance. The result is that business process modeling tools can provide transparency into project management processes, as well as the centralization of project organization process models and execution metrics.
A number of modelling/systems analysis techniques exist such as

data flow diagram A data-flow diagram is a way of representing a flow of data through a process or a system (usually an information system). The DFD also provides information about the outputs and inputs of each entity and the process itself. A data-flow diagram ha ...

s (DFD), HIPO model (hierarchy + input-process-output),

data modeling Data modeling in software engineering is the process of creating a data model for an information system by applying certain formal techniques. It may be applied as part of broader Model-driven engineering (MDE) concept. Overview Data modeli ...

and IDEF0 (integration definition language 0 for function modelling) process modelling technique.

Threaded processes

A process activity that is concurrent or simultaneously executing can be termed a thread.

ISO 9000

ISO 9000 The ISO 9000 family is a set of international standards for Quality (business), quality management systems. It was developed in March 1987 by International Organization for Standardization. The goal of these standards is to help organizations en ...

promotes the process approach to managing an

organization An organization or organisation (English in the Commonwealth of Nations, Commonwealth English; American and British English spelling differences#-ise, -ize (-isation, -ization), see spelling differences) is an legal entity, entity—such as ...

...promotes the adoption of a process approach when developing, implementing and improving the effectiveness of a
quality management Total quality management, Total Quality management (TQM), ensures that an organization, product, or service consistently performs as intended, as opposed to Quality Management, which focuses on work process and procedure standards. It has four mai ...
system, to enhance
customer satisfaction Customer satisfaction is a term frequently used in marketing to evaluate customer experience. It is a measure of how products and services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer expectation. Customer satisfaction is defined as "the number ...
by meeting customer requirements.Source: clause 0.2 of ISO 9001:2000

References

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Project Management Project management Business process management IEEE standards ISO/IEC standards