Sony-PlayStation-SCPH-1000-Motherboard-Top

The PlayStation technical specifications describe the various components of the original

PlayStation is a video gaming brand owned and produced by Sony Interactive Entertainment (SIE), a division of Japanese conglomerate Sony. Its flagship products consists of a series of home video game consoles produced under the brand; it also consists ...

video game console.

Central processing unit (CPU)

LSI CoreWare CW33300-based core * MIPS R3000A-compatible

32-bit In computer architecture, 32-bit computing refers to computer systems with a processor, memory, and other major system components that operate on data in a maximum of 32- bit units. Compared to smaller bit widths, 32-bit computers can perform la ...

RISC In electronics and computer science, a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) is a computer architecture designed to simplify the individual instructions given to the computer to accomplish tasks. Compared to the instructions given to a comp ...

CPU MIPS R3051 with 5 KB L1 cache,

running Running is a method of terrestrial locomotion by which humans and other animals move quickly on foot. Running is a gait with an aerial phase in which all feet are above the ground (though there are exceptions). This is in contrast to walkin ...

at 33.8688

MHz The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), often described as being equivalent to one event (or cycle) per second. The hertz is an SI derived unit whose formal expression in terms of SI base u ...

. * The

microprocessor A microprocessor is a computer processor (computing), processor for which the data processing logic and control is included on a single integrated circuit (IC), or a small number of ICs. The microprocessor contains the arithmetic, logic, a ...

was manufactured by LSI Logic Corp. with technology licensed from SGI. * Features: ** Initial feature size ( process node) was 0.5 micron (500 nm). ** 850k – 1M transistors ** Operating performance: 30 MIPS ** Bus bandwidth 132

MB/s In telecommunications, data transfer rate is the average number of bits ( bitrate), characters or symbols ( baudrate), or data blocks per unit time passing through a communication link in a data-transmission system. Common data rate units are mu ...

** One arithmetic/logic unit (ALU) ** One shifter * CPU cache RAM: ** 4 KB instruction cache ** 1 KB data cache configured as a scratchpad Geometry Transformation Engine (GTE) * Coprocessor that resides inside the main CPU processor, giving it additional vector math instructions used for

3D graphics 3D computer graphics, sometimes called CGI, 3D-CGI or three-dimensional computer graphics, are graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data (often Cartesian) that is stored in the computer for the purposes of perfor ...

, lighting, geometry, polygon and coordinate transformations GTE performs high-speed matrix multiplications. * Operating performance: 66 MIPS * Uses fixed point arithmetic, different operations used different representations * Polygons per second (rendered in hardware): ** 90,000 with

texture mapping Texture mapping is a term used in computer graphics to describe how 2D images are projected onto 3D models. The most common variant is the UV unwrap, which can be described as an inverse paper cutout, where the surfaces of a 3D model are cut ap ...

lighting Lighting or illumination is the deliberate use of light to achieve practical or aesthetic effects. Lighting includes the use of both artificial light sources like lamps and light fixtures, as well as natural illumination by capturing daylight. ...

and Gouraud shading ** 180,000 with texture mapping ** 360,000 with flat shading Motion Decoder (MDEC) * Also residing within the main CPU, enables full screen, high quality FMV playback and is responsible for decompressing images and

video Video is an Electronics, electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and display of moving picture, moving image, visual Media (communication), media. Video was first developed for mechanical television systems, whi ...

into VRAM. * Operating performance: 80 MIPS * Documented device mode is to read three RLE-encoded 16×16 macroblocks, run IDCT and assemble a single 16×16 RGB macroblock. * Output data may be transferred directly to GPU via DMA. * It is possible to overwrite IDCT matrix and some additional parameters, however MDEC internal instruction set was never documented. * It is directly connected to a CPU bus. System Control Coprocessor (Cop0) * This unit is part of the CPU. Has 16 32-bit control registers. * Modified from the original R3000A cop0 architecture, with the addition of a few registers and functions. * Controls memory management through virtual memory technique, system

interrupt In digital computers, an interrupt (sometimes referred to as a trap) is a request for the processor to ''interrupt'' currently executing code (when permitted), so that the event can be processed in a timely manner. If the request is accepted ...

exception handling In computing and computer programming, exception handling is the process of responding to the occurrence of ''exceptions'' – anomalous or exceptional conditions requiring special processing – during the execution of a program. In general, an ...

, and breakpoints.

Memory

* 2 MiB main EDO DRAM * Additional RAM is integrated with the GPU (including a 1 MB framebuffer) and SPU (512 KB), see below for details. * Cache RAM for CPU core and CD-ROM. See the relevant sections for details. * Flash RAM support through the use of memory cards, see below. *

BIOS In computing, BIOS (, ; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is a type of firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization d ...

stored on 512 KB ROM

Graphics processing unit (GPU)

32-bit Sony GPU (designed by

Toshiba is a Japanese multinational electronics company headquartered in Minato, Tokyo. Its diversified products and services include power, industrial and social infrastructure systems, elevators and escalators, electronic components, semiconductors ...

) * Handles display of

graphics Graphics () are visual images or designs on some surface, such as a wall, canvas, screen, paper, or stone, to inform, illustrate, or entertain. In contemporary usage, it includes a pictorial representation of the data, as in design and manufa ...

, control of framebuffer, and drawing of polygons and textures * Handles 2D graphics processing, in a similar manner to the 3D engine * RAM: ** 1 MB VRAM (later models contained SGRAM) for framebuffer ** 2 KB texture cache (132MB/s memory bus bandwidth, 32-bit wide) ** 64

byte The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits. Historically, the byte was the number of bits used to encode a single character of text in a computer and for this reason it is the smallest addressable un ...

s FIFO buffer * Features: ** Adjustable framebuffer (1024×512) ** Emulation of simultaneous backgrounds (to simulate parallax scrolling) ** Mask bit ** Texture window ** Dithering ** Clipping ** Alpha blending (4 per-texel alpha blending modes) ** Fog ** Framebuffer effects ** Transparency effects ** Render to texture ** Offscreen rendering ** Multipass rendering ** Flat or Gouraud shading and

** No line restriction ** Colored light sourcing * Resolutions: ** Progressive: 256×224 to 640×240

pixel In digital imaging, a pixel (abbreviated px), pel, or picture element is the smallest addressable element in a Raster graphics, raster image, or the smallest addressable element in a dot matrix display device. In most digital display devices, p ...

s **

Interlaced Interlaced video (also known as interlaced scan) is a technique for doubling the perceived frame rate of a video display without consuming extra bandwidth. The interlaced signal contains two fields of a video frame captured consecutively. Th ...

: 256×448 to 640×480 pixels * Colors: ** Maximum color depth of 16,777,216 colors ( 24-bit true color) ** 57,344 (256×224) to 153,600 (640×240) colors on screen ** Unlimited color lookup tables (CLUTs) ** 32 levels of transparency ** All calculations are performed to 24 bit accuracy * Texture mapping color mode: ** Mode 4: 4-bit CLUT (16 colors) ** Mode 8: 8-bit CLUT (256 colors) ** Mode 15: 15-bit direct (32,768 colors) ** Mode 24: 24-bit (16,777,216 colors) * Sprite

engine An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy. Available energy sources include potential energy (e.g. energy of the Earth's gravitational field as exploited in hydroelectric power ge ...

** 1024×512 framebuffer, 8×8 and 16×16 sprite sizes,

bitmap In computing, a bitmap (also called raster) graphic is an image formed from rows of different colored pixels. A GIF is an example of a graphics image file that uses a bitmap. As a noun, the term "bitmap" is very often used to refer to a partic ...

objects ** Up to 4,000 sprites on screen (at 8×8 sprite size), scaling and rotation ** 256×256 maximum sprite size * Special sprite effects: ** Rotation ** Scaling up/down ** Warping ** Transparency ** Fading ** Priority ** Vertical and horizontal line scroll * Pixel fillrate (theoretical maximum): ** 66 MPixel/s flat shaded polygons ** 33 MPixel/s Gouraud shaded polygons ** 33 MPixel/s for textured polygons with optional Gourard shading ** Actual fill rate is lower due to polygon overhead or texture cache misses

Sound processing unit (SPU)

16-bit Sony SPU * Supports

ADPCM Adaptive differential pulse-code modulation (ADPCM) is a variant of differential pulse-code modulation (DPCM) that varies the size of the quantization step, to allow further reduction of the required data bandwidth for a given signal-to-noise rati ...

sources with up to 24 channels * Sampling rate of up to 44.1 kHz * 512 KB RAM * PCM audio source * Supports MIDI sequencing * Digital effects include: ** Pitch modulation **

Envelope An envelope is a common packaging item, usually made of thin, flat material. It is designed to contain a flat object, such as a letter (message), letter or Greeting card, card. Traditional envelopes are made from sheets of paper cut to one o ...

** Looping ** Digital reverb

I/O system and connectivity

CD-ROM A CD-ROM (, compact disc read-only memory) is a type of read-only memory consisting of a pre-pressed optical compact disc that contains computer data storage, data computers can read, but not write or erase. Some CDs, called enhanced CDs, hold b ...

drive * 660MB maximum storage capacity, double speed (CLV) CD-ROM drive * 2×, with a maximum data throughput of 300 KB/s (double speed), 150KB/s (normal) * 32 KB

data buffer In computer science, a data buffer (or just buffer) is a region of memory used to store data temporarily while it is being moved from one place to another. Typically, the data is stored in a buffer as it is retrieved from an input device (such as ...

* XA Mode 2 compliant * Audio CD play *

CD-DA Compact Disc Digital Audio (CDDA or CD-DA), also known as Digital Audio Compact Disc or simply as Audio CD, is the standardization, standard format for audio compact discs. The standard is defined in the ''Rainbow Books, Red Book'' technical s ...

(CD-Digital Audio) * Rated for 70,000 seek operations Two control pads via connectors * Expandable with multitap connector Backup flash RAM support * Two removable cards * Each card has 128 KB flash memory * OS support for File Save, Retrieve and Remove * Some games (like "Music 2000") can use Memory Cards as main RAM, to store data for real time processing, bypassing the 2MB RAM limit. Video and audio connectivity * AV Multi Out ( Composite video, S-Video, RGBS) * RCA Composite video and

Stereo Stereophonic sound, commonly shortened to stereo, is a method of sound reproduction that recreates a multi-directional, 3-dimensional audible perspective. This is usually achieved by using two independent audio channels through a configurat ...

out (SCPH-100x to 5000 only) * RFU (SCPH-112X) DC out (SCPH-100x to 5000 only) * S-Video out (SCPH-1000 only) Serial and parallel ports * Serial I/O (used for PlayStation Link Cable SCPH-100x to 900x only) * Parallel I/O (N/A) SCPH-100x to 750x only) Power input * 100 V AC (NTSC-J); 120 V AC (NTSC-U/C); or 220–240 V AC (PAL) * 7.5 V DC 2 A (PSone only)

References

External links

The PlayStation's technical specifications on the official website
{{PlayStation

Technical specifications A specification often refers to a set of documented requirements to be satisfied by a material, design, product, or service. A specification is often a type of technical standard. There are different types of technical or engineering specificati ...

Video game hardware de:PlayStation#Hardware