''Platymantis'' is a genus of

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely semiaquatic group of short-bodied, tailless amphibian vertebrates composing the order (biology), order Anura (coming from the Ancient Greek , literally 'without tail'). Frog species with rough ski ...

s in the family

Ceratobatrachidae The Ceratobatrachidae are a family of frogs found in the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, the Philippines, Palau, Fiji, New Guinea, and the Admiralty Islands, Admiralty, Bismarck Islands, Bismarck, and Solomon Islands (archipelago), Solomon Islands. Tax ...

. They are commonly known as wrinkled ground frogs, ground frogs, and forest frogs. As currently defined, ''Platymantis'' is a large genus with up to as many as 60 species found mostly in the

Philippines The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is an Archipelagic state, archipelagic country in Southeast Asia. Located in the western Pacific Ocean, it consists of List of islands of the Philippines, 7,641 islands, with a tot ...

. However, it is known to be

paraphyletic Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In co ...

. Solving this problem will likely lead to a more narrowly defined ''Platymantis'', possibly by transferring some species to a larger '' Ceratobatrachus'' (with '' Batrachylodes'').

Species

There are currently at least 30 extant species in this genus. Brown, et al. (2015) estimates that there may be a total of 50-60 species in ''Platymantis'' if all

cryptic species In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each oth ...

were to be described. In addition, there is an extinct species: * '' Platymantis megabotoniviti'', Giant Fiji ground frog

Species moved to genus '' Cornufer''

Brown, et al. (2015) moved the ''Platymantis'' species of

Oceania Oceania ( , ) is a region, geographical region including Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia. Outside of the English-speaking world, Oceania is generally considered a continent, while Mainland Australia is regarded as its co ...

into the newly proposed genus '' Cornufer''. Species in the

remained in ''Platymantis''. * '' Cornufer aculeodactylus'' Brown, 1952 * '' Cornufer admiraltiensis'' Richards, Mack & Austin, 2007 * '' Cornufer akarithymus'' Brown & Tyler, 1968 * '' Cornufer batantae'' Zweifel, 1969 * '' Cornufer bimaculatus'' Günther, 1999 * '' Cornufer boulengeri'' (Boettger, 1892) * '' Cornufer browni'' Allison & Kraus, 2001 * '' Cornufer bufonulus'' Kraus and Allison, 2007 * '' Cornufer caesiops'' Kraus and Allison, 2009 * '' Cornufer cheesmanae'' Parker, 1940 * '' Cornufer citrinospilus'' Brown, Richards, and Broadhead, 2013 * '' Cornufer cryptotis'' Günther, 1999 * '' Cornufer desticans'' Brown & Richards, 2008 * '' Cornufer gilliardi'' Zweifel, 1960 * '' Cornufer guppyi'' (Boulenger, 1884) * '' Cornufer latro'' Richards, Mack & Austin, 2007 * '' Cornufer macrops'' (Brown, 1965) * '' Cornufer macrosceles'' Zweifel, 1975 * '' Cornufer magnus'' Brown & Menzies, 1979 (synonym: '' Platymantis magna'') * '' Cornufer mamusiorum'' Foufopoulos and Brown, 2004 * '' Cornufer manus'' Kraus and Allison, 2009 * '' Cornufer mimica'' Brown & Tyler, 1968 * '' Cornufer nakanaiorum'' Brown, Foufopoulos, and Richards, 2006 * '' Cornufer neckeri'' (Brown & Myers, 1949) * '' Cornufer nexipus'' Zweifel, 1975 * '' Cornufer papuensis'' Meyer, 1875 * '' Cornufer parilis'' Brown & Richards, 2008 * '' Cornufer parkeri'' (Brown, 1965) * '' Cornufer pelewensis'' Peters, 1867 * '' Cornufer punctatus'' Peters & Doria, 1878 * '' Cornufer schmidti'' Brown & Tyler, 1968 * '' Cornufer solomonis'' (Boulenger, 1884) * '' Cornufer sulcatus'' Kraus and Allison, 2007 * '' Cornufer vitianus'' (Duméril, 1853) * '' Cornufer vitiensis'' (Girard, 1853) * '' Cornufer weberi'' Schmidt, 1932 * '' Cornufer wuenscheorum'' Günther, 2006

Endemic ranges

Many ''Platymantis'' species are

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...

to highly restricted geographical areas within the

. *Widespread ** '' Platymantis corrugatus'' ** '' Platymantis dorsalis'' *

Luzon Luzon ( , ) is the largest and most populous List of islands in the Philippines, island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the List of islands of the Philippines, Philippine archipelago, it is the economic and political ce ...

Northern Luzon Luzon ( , ) is the largest and most populous List of islands in the Philippines, island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the List of islands of the Philippines, Philippine archipelago, it is the economic and political ce ...

*** '' Platymantis cagayanensis'':

Palaui Island The Palaui Island Protected Landscape and Seascape is an island that is a protected area and national park in the municipality of Santa Ana, Cagayan, Santa Ana in Cagayan, Philippines. It is located off the northeastern extremity of Luzon Island. ...

; NE

*** '' Platymantis sierramadrensis'': Sierra Madre *** '' Platymantis taylori'': Sierra Madre *** '' Platymantis cornutus'':

Cordillera Central (Luzon) The Cordillera Central or Cordillera Range is a massive mountain range long north–south and east-west situated in the north-central part of the island of Luzon, in the Philippines. The mountain range encompasses all provinces of the Cordil ...

*** '' Platymantis subterrestris'':

*** '' Platymantis pygmaeus'': northern

**Central Luzon *** '' Platymantis biak'':

Biak-na-Bato National Park Biak-na-Bato National Park is a protected area of the Philippines located almost entirely within Barangay Biak-na-Bato in San Miguel, Bulacan from where it derives its name. The park also extends to the nearby municipalities of San Ildefonso ...

*** '' Platymantis polillensis'': Polillo Island; Aurora Province *** '' Platymantis mimula'':

Mount Makiling Mount Makiling (also spelled Maquiling) is an inactive stratovolcano located in the provinces of Laguna and Batangas on the island of Luzon in the Philippines. The mountain rises to an elevation of above mean sea level and is the highest feat ...

*** '' Platymantis banahao'': Mount Banahaw *** '' Platymantis indeprensus'': Mount Banahaw *** '' Platymantis montanus'': Mount Banahaw *** '' Platymantis naomii'': Mount Banahaw *** '' Platymantis pseudodorsalis'': Mount Banahaw *** '' Platymantis quezoni'':

Quezon Protected Landscape The Quezon Protected Landscape is a protected area in the Republic of the Philippines, spanning the municipalities of Pagbilao, Padre Burgos and Atimonan in Quezon province. The park is situated north of the narrowest section of Luzon in Quezo ...

Bicol Region The Bicol Region, designated as Region V, is an administrative region of the Philippines. It comprises six Provinces of the Philippines, provinces, four on the Bicol Peninsula (the luzon#Southeastern Luzon, southeastern end of Luzon): Albay, Ca ...

*** '' Platymantis isarog'':

Mount Isarog Isarog is an List of active volcanoes in the Philippines, active stratovolcano located in the province of Camarines Sur, Camarines Sur, Philippines, on the island of Luzon. The mountain has active Fumarole, fumaroles and Hot spring, hot springs. It ...

*** '' Platymantis diesmosi'': Malinao Volcano *** '' Platymantis luzonensis'': SE

Visayas The Visayas ( ), or the Visayan Islands (Bisayan languages, Visayan: ''Kabisay-an'', ; Filipino language, Filipino: ''Kabisayaan'' ), are one of the three Island groups of the Philippines, principal geographical divisions of the Philippines, a ...

** '' Platymantis lawtoni'':

Romblon Romblon (, , ), officially the Province of Romblon, is an archipelagic province of the Philippines located in the Mimaropa region. Its main components include Romblon, an archipelagic municipality of the same name that also serves as the provi ...

** '' Platymantis levigata'':

** ''

Platymantis insulatus ''Platymantis insulatus'' is a species of frog in the family Ceratobatrachidae. It is Endemism, endemic to the Islas de Gigantes, Gigante Islands just northeast of Panay, the Philippines. This frog is variously known as the Gigantes wrinkled grou ...

'': South Gigante Island near

Panay Panay is the sixth-largest and fourth-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total land area of and a total population of 4,542,926, as of 2020 census. Panay comprises 4.4 percent of the entire population of the country. The City of Il ...

** '' Platymantis paengi'':

Pandan, Antique Pandan, officially the Municipality of Pandan (; ; Aklanon language, Aklanon: ''Banwa it Pandan''; ), is a municipality of the Philippines, municipality in the Philippine Province, province of Antique (province), Antique, Philippines. According ...

** '' Platymantis panayensis'':

** '' Platymantis negrosensis'':

;

Negros Negros (, , ) is the fourth largest and third most populous island in the Philippines, with a total land area of . The coastal zone of the southern part of Negros is identified as a site of highest marine biodiversity importance in the Coral Tr ...

** '' Platymantis hazelae'':

** '' Platymantis spelaea'': southern

** '' Platymantis bayani'': Taft, Eastern Samar ** '' Platymantis rabori'':

Bohol Bohol (), officially the Province of Bohol (; ), is an island province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas Regions of the Philippines, region, consisting of the island itself and 75 minor surrounding islands. It is home to Bohola ...

;

Leyte Leyte ( ) is an island in the Visayas group of islands in the Philippines. It is eighth-largest and sixth-most populous island in the Philippines, with a total population of 2,626,970 as of 2020 census. Since the accessibility of land has been ...

;

Mindanao Mindanao ( ) is the List of islands of the Philippines, second-largest island in the Philippines, after Luzon, and List of islands by population, seventh-most populous island in the world. Located in the southern region of the archipelago, the ...

** '' Platymantis guentheri'':

;

References

External links

BITC / Species Descriptions - Example Platymantis
{{Authority control Ceratobatrachidae Amphibians of Asia Amphibians of the Philippines Amphibians of Oceania Amphibian genera Taxa named by Albert Günther