''Pimpla'' are a worldwide
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of the
parasitic wasp
Parasitoid wasps are a large group of hymenopteran superfamilies, with all but the wood wasps ( Orussoidea) being in the wasp-waisted Apocrita. As parasitoids, they lay their eggs on or in the bodies of other arthropods, sooner or later causi ...
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Ichneumonidae
The Ichneumonidae, also known as ichneumon wasps, ichneumonid wasps, ichneumonids, or Darwin wasps, are a family of parasitoid wasps of the insect order Hymenoptera. They are one of the most diverse groups within the Hymenoptera with roughly 25 ...
.
''Pimpla'' species are
idiobiont endoparasitoids of
Holometabola
Holometabola (from Ancient Greek "complete" + "change"), also known as Endopterygota (from "inner" + "wing" + Neo-Latin "-having"), is a supra-order (biology), ordinal clade of insects within the infraclass Neoptera that go through distincti ...
, often the
pupa
A pupa (; : pupae) is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation between immature and mature stages. Insects that go through a pupal stage are holometabolous: they go through four distinct stages in their life cycle, the stages th ...
e of
Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera ( ) or lepidopterans is an order (biology), order of winged insects which includes butterflies and moths. About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera have been described, representing 10% of the total described species of living organ ...
. For instance, the common ''
Pimpla rufipes'' parasitizes ''
Pieris brassicae
''Pieris brassicae'', the large white, also called cabbage butterfly, cabbage white, cabbage moth (erroneously), or in India the large cabbage white, is a butterfly in the family Pieridae. It is a close relative of the small white, ''Pieris rap ...
'' and ''
Lymantria dispar
''Lymantria dispar'', also known as the gypsy moth or the spongy moth, is a species of Lepidoptera, moth in the family Erebidae native to Europe and Asia. ''Lymantria dispar'' is subdivided into several subspecies, with subspecies such as ''Ly ...
''.
They are generally sturdy black wasps with orange markings. The first
tergite
A ''tergum'' (Latin for "the back"; : ''terga'', associated adjective tergal) is the Anatomical terms of location#Dorsal and ventral, dorsal ('upper') portion of an arthropod segment other than the head. The Anatomical terms of location#Anterior ...
is box-like with the
spiracle anterior to the middle.
This genus includes about 200
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
.
Selected species
* ''
Pimpla aethiops''
Curtis 1828
* ''
Pimpla apricaria''
Costa 1885
* ''
Pimpla arcadica''
Kasparyan 1973
* ''
Pimpla arctica''
Zetterstedt 1838
* ''
Pimpla artemonis''
Kasparyan 1973
* ''
Pimpla contemplator''
(Muller 1776)
* ''
Pimpla coxalis''
Habermehl 1917
* ''
Pimpla dimidiatus''
(Townes, 1960)
* ''
Pimpla disparis''
Viereck, 1911
* ''
Pimpla dorsata''
(Dalla Torre 1901)
* ''
Pimpla flavicoxis''
Thomson 1877
* ''
Pimpla glandaria''
Costa 1886
* ''
Pimpla hesperus''
(Townes, 1960)
* ''
Pimpla illecebrator''
(Villers 1789)
* ''
Pimpla insignatoria''
(Gravenhorst 1807)
* ''
Pimpla melanacrias''
Perkins 1941
* ''
Pimpla murinanae''
Fahringer 1943
* ''
Pimpla nigrohirsuta''
Strobl 1902
* ''
Pimpla processioneae''
Ratzeburg 1849
* ''
Pimpla rufipes''
(Miller 1759) - (syn. ''Pimpla instigator'') - black slip wasp
* ''
Pimpla sodalis''
Ruthe 1859
* ''
Pimpla spuria''
Gravenhorst 1829
* ''
Pimpla stricklandi''
(Townes, 1960)
* ''
Pimpla turionellae''
(C. Linnaeus, 1758)
* ''
Pimpla varians
''Pimpla'' are a worldwide genus of the parasitic wasp family (biology), family Ichneumonidae.
''Pimpla'' species are idiobiont endoparasitoids of Holometabola, often the pupae of Lepidoptera. For instance, the common ''Pimpla rufipes'' parasit ...
''
(Townes, 1960)
* ''
Pimpla wilchristi''
Fitton, Shaw & Gauld 1988
Distribution
The distribution of these wasps is Afrotropical, Eastern and Western Palaearctic, European, Nearctic, Palaearctic, Neotropical.
Gallery
File:Pimpla.turionellae2.-.lindsey.jpg, ''Pimpla turionellae''
File:Pimpla female.jpg, ''Pimpla'' sp., female
See also
*
List of ''Pimpla'' species
References
*Gavin Broa
''Identification key to the subfamilies of Ichneumonidae''
''Fauna Europaea''''BioLib.cz''
*
''Taxonomicon''
Pimplinae
Ichneumonidae genera
Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius
{{Ichneumonidae-stub