''Phycocharax rasbora'' is a small

species A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...

freshwater fish Freshwater fish are fish species that spend some or all of their lives in bodies of fresh water such as rivers, lakes, ponds and inland wetlands, where the salinity is less than 1.05%. These environments differ from marine habitats in many wa ...

in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Characidae Characidae, the characids, is a family of freshwater subtropical and tropical fish belonging to the order Characiformes. They are found throughout much of Central and South America, including such major waterways as the Amazon and Orinoco Riv ...

and the only member in the

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

''Phycocharax''.Ohara, W.M., Mirande, J.M. & Lima, F.C.T.d. (2017)
''Phycocharax rasbora'', a new genus and species of Brazilian tetra (Characiformes: Characidae) from Serra do Cachimbo, rio Tapajós basin.
''PLoS ONE, 12 (2): e0170648.'' It is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...

to the

Brazilian Amazon Brazilian commonly refers to: * Brazil, a country * Brazilians, its people * Brazilian Portuguese, its dialect Brazilian may also refer to: * "The Brazilian", a 1986 instrumental music piece by Genesis * Brazilian Café, Baghdad, Iraq (1937) * Bra ...

, where only known from the upper Braço Norte River (

Serra do Cachimbo Serra do Cachimbo () is a low mountain range in the southern part of the state of Pará, Brazil. It is located mostly in the municipalities of Altamira, Brazil, Altamira, Itaituba, Brazil, Itaituba, Jacareacanga, and Novo Progresso. The Serra do ...

region), a

blackwater Blackwater or Black Water may refer to: Health and ecology * Blackwater (coal), liquid waste from coal preparation * Black water (drink), a health drink * Blackwater (waste), wastewater containing feces, urine, and flushwater from flush toilets * ...

tributary A tributary, or an ''affluent'', is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream (''main stem'' or ''"parent"''), river, or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries, and the main stem river into which they ...

in the

Teles Pires The Teles Pires () is a long river in Brazil. The river flows through the state of Mato Grosso and its lower part marks the border between the states of Mato Grosso and Pará. At its mouth it joins Juruena River and together they form the Tapajó ...

basin, itself a part of the

Tapajós The Tapajós ( ) is a river in Brazil. It runs through the Amazon Rainforest and is a major tributary of the Amazon River. When combined with the Juruena River, the Tapajós is approximately long. Prior to a drastic increase in illegal gold mi ...

basin. A

dam A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of surface water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aqua ...

has been built on the Braço Norte River and while the species is uncommon downstream, it is very abundant in the reservoir above. Its species name refers to the similarity in color and pattern to ''

Trigonostigma ''Trigonostigma'' is a genus of small freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Danionidae. The fishes in this genus are found in Southeast Asia. These social, colorful freshwater fish are often kept in aquarium An aquarium (: a ...

'' rasboras, an unrelated but well-known Asian fish. The mainly reddish males reach up to about in

standard length Fish measurement is the measuring of individual fish and various parts of fish anatomy, their anatomies, for data used in many areas of ichthyology, including Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy and fishery biology. Overall length Standard length (SL) is ...

, while the duller yellowish females reach up to about .

References

Pristellini Freshwater fish genera Monotypic fish genera Fish described in 2017 {{Characidae-stub