Peter Gijsbert van Anrooij (13 October 1879 – 31 December 1954) was a Dutch composer and conductor of classical music.
Biography
Van Anrooy was born in Zaltbommel to Peter Gijsbert van Anrooij, an
apothecary
''Apothecary'' () is an Early Modern English, archaic English term for a medicine, medical professional who formulates and dispenses ''materia medica'' (medicine) to physicians, surgeons and patients. The modern terms ''pharmacist'' and, in Brit ...
, and Jozefa Helena Maria Pool. The family soon moved to
Utrecht
Utrecht ( ; ; ) is the List of cities in the Netherlands by province, fourth-largest city of the Netherlands, as well as the capital and the most populous city of the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of Utrecht (province), Utrecht. The ...
, where van Anrooy learned piano, violin and composition in a music school (1890–1899). Then for two years he studied conducting in Dresden and Moscow; in Moscow he also received lessons in
counterpoint
In music theory, counterpoint is the relationship of two or more simultaneous musical lines (also called voices) that are harmonically dependent on each other, yet independent in rhythm and melodic contour. The term originates from the Latin ...
from
Sergei Taneyev
Sergey Ivanovich Taneyev (, ; – ) was a Russian composer, pianist, teacher of musical composition, composition, music theorist and author.
Life
Taneyev was born in Vladimir, Russia, Vladimir, Vladimir Governorate, Russian Empire, to a cultur ...
. After completing his studies, van Anrooy played violin with orchestras in Glasgow and Zurich and by 1905 returned to the Netherlands, where around 1905 he assumed positions of conductor with the Groningen Orchestra and director of a music school. In Groningen he received an honorary PhD title in 1914. Van Anrooy continued conducting with various Dutch orchestra until 1940. While his early work mostly focused on classics such as
Bach, Mozart, Beethoven, Debussy, Ravel, Mahler and Strauss, he later paid more attention to modern Dutch composers. He also composed himself, starting from a piano piece ''Mars voor piano vierhandig'' in 1891 and ending with variations on Dutch melodies in 1937. His most known composition is ''Piet Hein Rhapsodie voor symfonieorkest'', which was based on the Dutch song ''De Zilvervloot'' (''
Spanish treasure fleet
The Spanish treasure fleet, or West Indies Fleet (, also called silver fleet or plate fleet; from the meaning "silver"), was a convoy system of sea routes organized by the Spanish Empire from 1566 to 1790, which linked Spain with its Spanish Empi ...
'') by J.J. Viotta and J.P. Heije. After World War II, between 1947 and 1954 he broadcast a weekly educational radio program at
AVRO
Avro (an initialism of the founder's name) was a British aircraft manufacturer. Its designs include the Avro 504, used as a trainer in the First World War, the Avro Lancaster, one of the pre-eminent bombers of the Second World War, and the d ...
on understanding classical music.
[
Van Anrooy had a strong character and was active politically. In 1933 he signed a document ''Bruinboek van de Hitler-terreur en de Rijksdagbrand'' (lit. ''Brown book of Hilter terror and the ]Reichstag fire
The Reichstag fire (, ) was an arson attack on the Reichstag building, home of the German parliament in Berlin, on Monday, 27 February 1933, precisely four weeks after Adolf Hitler was sworn in as Chancellor of Germany. Marinus van der Lubbe, ...
'') and as a result, his music was banned during the war. In 1937 he refused to conduct the Nazi song ''Horst-Wessel-Lied
The "" (), also known by its incipit "" ('The Flag Raised High'), was the anthem of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) from 1930 to 1945. From 1933 to 1945, the Nazis made it the co-national anthem of Germany, along with the first stanza of the "".
The "" ...
'' at the marriage of Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld
Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld (later Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands; 29 June 1911 – 1 December 2004) was Prince consort of the Netherlands, Prince of the Netherlands from 6 September 1948 to 30 April 1980 as the husband of Queen J ...
and Juliana of the Netherlands
Juliana (; Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina; 30 April 1909 – 20 March 2004) was Queen of the Netherlands from 1948 until her abdication in 1980.
Juliana was the only child of Queen Wilhelmina and Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Sh ...
. [
On 29 November 1906 van Anrooy married Frederique Johanna Adolphina de l'Espinasse; they had two daughters.][
]
See also
* Anton van Anrooy
References
External links
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Anrooy, Peter van
1879 births
1954 deaths
Dutch male classical composers
Dutch male conductors (music)
People from Zaltbommel
19th-century Dutch classical composers
19th-century Dutch male composers
20th-century Dutch conductors (music)
20th-century Dutch classical composers
20th-century Dutch male composers