''Perets (, , ) is a Ukrainian

satirical Satire is a genre of the visual arts, visual, literature, literary, and performing arts, usually in the form of fiction and less frequently Nonfiction, non-fiction, in which vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ...

and humorous illustrated magazine. Together with the Moscow ''

Krokodil ''Krokodil'' ( rus, Крокодил, p=krəkɐˈdʲil, a= Ru-крокодил.ogg, ) was a Humor magazine , satirical magazine published in the Soviet Union and later Russia. The first issue was published on 27 August 1922 as the satirical supp ...

'' (circulation 5 million copies in 1986), ''Perets (circulation 3.3 million copies in 1986) was one of the two most popular comedy magazines in the

USSR The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

''Chervonyi Perets

The magazine was founded in the then capital of the

Ukrainian SSR The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkrSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine or just Ukraine, was one of the Republics of the Soviet Union, constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991. ...

Kharkiv Kharkiv, also known as Kharkov, is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city in Ukraine.

, as ''Chervonyi Perets () in 1927. It moved to

Kyiv Kyiv, also Kiev, is the capital and most populous List of cities in Ukraine, city of Ukraine. Located in the north-central part of the country, it straddles both sides of the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2022, its population was 2, ...

in 1941. Literary critics associate the development of satire and humor in the first years after 1917 with two factors: the artistic creativity of the masses, called by the revolution to active social construction, and the satirical, mostly political and agitation speeches of Mayakovsky and Demyan Bedny. Ukrainian humor was evaluated as a motivating example. Satirical poems, humoresque, and fables directed against the White Guard and the foreign counterrevolution were published in the pages of the

Red Army The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union. The army was established in January 1918 by a decree of the Council of People ...

and civilian newspapers. At the same time, satirical publications imbued with anti-Bolshevik and anti-interventionist pathos appeared in the press of the opposite camp, testifying to the hopes of the part of the masses that associated the social liberation and national revival of Ukraine with the building of an independent Ukraine. In the science of literature, this array of satire and humor, except for a few studies, was mostly not taken into account by researchers and not studied. The first two issues of the ''Perets magazine were published in

Kharkiv Kharkiv, also known as Kharkov, is the second-largest List of cities in Ukraine, city in Ukraine.

in 1922. Ostap Vyshnya took part in the organization and editing of the magazine together with Vasyl Ellan-Blakytny. Unfortunately, due to economic difficulties, the third issue did not come out. The magazine was restored as a biweekly called ''Chervonyi Perets, published in Ukrainian in 1927–1934 in Kharkiv as a supplement to the ''News of the

All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee () was a representative body of the All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets. It was the supreme legislative, administrative, executive controlling state power of Soviet Ukraine (Ukrainian SSR) between the sessi ...

'' (editor: Vasyl Chechvyansky; circulation: 27,150 copies). Main employees: Ostap Vyshnya, Yuriy Vukhnal (Ivan Kovtun), Yukhym Gedz (Oleksa Savitsky), Antosha Ko (A. Gak), B. Simantsiv, K. Kotko (M. Lyubchenko) and others. The great popularity of the magazine was ensured by Ostap Vyshnya, who, according to some literary critics, was the most popular writer after

Taras Shevchenko Taras Hryhorovych Shevchenko (; ; 9 March 1814 – 10 March 1861) was a Ukrainian poet, writer, artist, public and political figure, folklorist, and ethnographer. He was a fellow of the Imperial Academy of Arts and a member of the Brotherhood o ...

. Illustrators: O. Khvostenko-Khvostov, O. Dovzhenko, A. Petritsky, K. Agnit, O. Kozyurenko, L. Kaplan and others. It has a circulation of around 13.000 copies, well below of its peak of 3.000.000 in the late 1970s when it was close to rivaling the now-defunct Moscow-based Russian-language magazine ''

''.

References

External links

Website of the newspaper

Archive 1952-1990
Newspapers published in the Soviet Union Newspapers published in Ukraine Magazines established in 1927 Ukrainian-language newspapers 1927 establishments in Ukraine Mass media in Kyiv Mass media in Kharkiv Satirical magazines published in Europe {{Ukraine-magazine-stub