Paul Boncour
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Augustin Alfred Joseph Paul-Boncour (; 4 August 1873 – 28 March 1972) was a French politician and diplomat of the Third Republic. He was a member of the
Republican-Socialist Party The Republican-Socialist Party (, PRS) was a French socialist political party during the French Third Republic founded in 1911 and dissolved in 1934. Founded by non-Marxist socialists who refused to join the French Section of the Workers' Inter ...
(PRS) and served as
Prime Minister of France The prime minister of France (), officially the prime minister of the French Republic (''Premier ministre de la République française''), is the head of government of the French Republic and the leader of its Council of Ministers. The prime ...
from December 1932 to January 1933. He also served in a number of other government positions during the 1930s and as a Permanent Delegate to the League of Nations in 1936 during his tenure as Minister of State.


Career

Born in Saint-Aignan, Loir-et-Cher, Paul-Boncour received a law degree from the
University of Paris The University of Paris (), known Metonymy, metonymically as the Sorbonne (), was the leading university in Paris, France, from 1150 to 1970, except for 1793–1806 during the French Revolution. Emerging around 1150 as a corporation associated wit ...
and became active in the
labor movement The labour movement is the collective organisation of working people to further their shared political and economic interests. It consists of the trade union or labour union movement, as well as political parties of labour. It can be considere ...
, organizing the legal council of the ''
Bourses du Travail The Bourse du Travail (French for "labour exchanges"), a French form of the labour council, were working class organizations that encouraged mutual aid (organization), mutual aid, education, and self-organization amongst their members in the ...
'' ( workers' associations). He was private secretary to Premier
Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau Pierre Marie René Ernest Waldeck-Rousseau (; 2 December 184610 August 1904) was a French Republicanism, Republican politician who served for three years as the Prime Minister of France. Early life Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau was born in Nantes, ...
from 1898 to 1902. Elected to the
Chamber of Deputies The chamber of deputies is the lower house in many bicameral legislatures and the sole house in some unicameral legislatures. Description Historically, French Chamber of Deputies was the lower house of the French Parliament during the Bourb ...
as a
Radical Radical (from Latin: ', root) may refer to: Politics and ideology Politics *Classical radicalism, the Radical Movement that began in late 18th century Britain and spread to continental Europe and Latin America in the 19th century *Radical politics ...
in 1909, he held his seat until 1914, briefly serving as
Minister of Labour Minister of labour (in British English) or labor (in American English) is typically a cabinet-level position with portfolio responsibility for setting national labour standards, labour dispute mechanisms, employment, workforce participation, traini ...
from March to June 1911. After serving in the military during World War I, he returned to the
French National Assembly The National Assembly (, ) is the lower house of the Bicameralism, bicameral French Parliament under the French Fifth Republic, Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (France), Senate (). The National Assembly's legislators are known ...
. Turning to Socialism, he joined the
SFIO The C programming language provides many standard library functions for file input and output. These functions make up the bulk of the C standard library header . The functionality descends from a "portable I/O package" written by Mike Lesk at ...
in 1916. Paul-Boncour left the socialist party in 1931 because he considered imperative, in face of the League of Nations progressive powerlessness, to reinforce national defence, something the socialists opposed. After his resignation from the SFIO in 1931 he joined the
Republican-Socialist Party The Republican-Socialist Party (, PRS) was a French socialist political party during the French Third Republic founded in 1911 and dissolved in 1934. Founded by non-Marxist socialists who refused to join the French Section of the Workers' Inter ...
(PRS), which in 1935 merged with the
French Socialist Party The Socialist Party ( , PS) is a Centre-left politics, centre-left to Left-wing politics, left-wing List of political parties in France, political party in France. It holds Social democracy, social democratic and Pro-Europeanism, pro-European v ...
(PSF) and the
Socialist Party of France-Jean Jaurès Union Socialism is an economic and political philosophy encompassing diverse economic and social systems characterised by social ownership of the means of production, as opposed to private ownership. It describes the economic, political, and social ...
(PSdF) to form the
Socialist Republican Union The Socialist Republican Union (, USR) was a political party in France founded in 1935 during the late Third Republic which united the right-wing of the French Section of the Workers' International with the left-wing of the Radical republican m ...
(USR). Also in 1931, Paul-Boncour was elected to the
Senate A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature. The name comes from the ancient Roman Senate (Latin: ''Senatus''), so-called as an assembly of the senior (Latin: ''senex'' meaning "the el ...
, and served in that capacity until the establishment of the
Vichy régime Vichy France (; 10 July 1940 – 9 August 1944), officially the French State ('), was a French rump state headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain during World War II, established as a result of the French capitulation after the defeat against G ...
in 1940 (during World War II). During his time as a Senator, Paul-Boncour served in a variety of cabinet and diplomatic posts. He was the Permanent Delegate to the
League of Nations The League of Nations (LN or LoN; , SdN) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace ...
from 1932 to 1936,
Minister of War A ministry of defence or defense (see American and British English spelling differences#-ce.2C -se, spelling differences), also known as a department of defence or defense, is the part of a government responsible for matters of defence and Mi ...
in 1932, Premier from December 1932 to January 1933, and
Foreign Minister In many countries, the ministry of foreign affairs (abbreviated as MFA or MOFA) is the highest government department exclusively or primarily responsible for the state's foreign policy and relations, diplomacy, bilateral, and multilateral r ...
on two occasions (December 1932 to January 1934 and March–April 1938). Paul-Boncour was opposed to the formation of the Vichy government, and recommended continuing the fight against
Nazi Germany Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German Reich, German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a Totalit ...
after the
fall of France The Battle of France (; 10 May – 25 June 1940), also known as the Western Campaign (), the French Campaign (, ) and the Fall of France, during the Second World War was the German invasion of the Low Countries (Belgium, Luxembourg and the Net ...
, from
Algiers Algiers is the capital city of Algeria as well as the capital of the Algiers Province; it extends over many Communes of Algeria, communes without having its own separate governing body. With 2,988,145 residents in 2008Census 14 April 2008: Offi ...
. As a member of the Consultative Assembly from 1944, he led the French delegation to the United Nations conference in San Francisco and signed the ''
United Nations Charter The Charter of the United Nations is the foundational treaty of the United Nations (UN). It establishes the purposes, governing structure, and overall framework of the United Nations System, UN system, including its United Nations System#Six ...
'' on behalf of France. He once again served as a senator from 1946 to 1948. He died in Paris on 28 March 1972 at the age of 98.


Paul-Boncour's Ministry, 18 December 1932 – 31 January 1933

*Joseph Paul-Boncour – President of the Council and Minister of Foreign Affairs *
Édouard Daladier Édouard Daladier (; 18 June 1884 – 10 October 1970) was a French Radical Party (France), Radical-Socialist (centre-left) politician, who was the Prime Minister of France in 1933, 1934 and again from 1938 to 1940. he signed the Munich Agreeme ...
– Minister of War *
Camille Chautemps Camille Chautemps (; 1 February 1885 – 1 July 1963) was a French Radical politician of the Third Republic, three times President of the Council of Ministers (Prime Minister). He was the father-in-law of U.S. politician and statesman Howar ...
– Minister of the Interior *
Henri Chéron Henri is the French form of the masculine given name Henry, also in Estonian, Finnish, German and Luxembourgish. Bearers of the given name include: People French nobles * Henri I de Montmorency (1534–1614), Marshal and Constable of France * H ...
– Minister of Finance *
Albert Dalimier Albert François Marie Dalimier (; 20 February 1875 – 6 May 1936) was a French politician. Between 1932 and 1934 he was Minister of Labor, Minister of the Colonies (twice) and Minister of Justice in four of the short-lived cabinets of that pe ...
– Minister of Labour and Social Security Provisions * Abel Gardey – Minister of Justice *
Georges Leygues Georges Leygues (; 29 October 1856 – 2 September 1933) was a French politician of the Third Republic. During his time as Minister of Marine he worked with the navy's chief of staff Henri Salaun in unsuccessful attempts to gain naval re-arm ...
– Minister of Marine *
Léon Meyer Léon Meyer (11 September 1868 – 22 January 1948) was a French freight broker and Radical politician from the port city of Le Havre. He was mayor of Le Havre from 1919 to 1941, and a national deputy from 1923 to 1941. He was Minister of Merchant ...
– Minister of Merchant Marine *
Paul Painlevé Paul Painlevé (; 5 December 1863 – 29 October 1933) was a French mathematician and statesman. He served twice as Prime Minister of France, Prime Minister of the French Third Republic, Third Republic: 12 September – 13 November 1917 and 17 A ...
– Minister of Air *
Anatole de Monzie Anatole de Monzie (; 22 November 1876, Bazas, Gironde – 11 January 1947, Paris) was a French administrator, encyclopaedist (''Encyclopédie française''), political figure and scholar. His father was a tax collector in Bazas, Gironde where ...
– Minister of National Education *
Edmond Miellet Edmond Miellet (1880–1953) was a French politician. He served as a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1919 to 1942, representing Territoire de Belfort The Territoire de Belfort (; "Territory of Belfort") is a department in the northeas ...
– Minister of Pensions *
Henri Queuille Henri Queuille (; 31 March 1884 – 15 June 1970) was a French Radical politician prominent in the Third and Fourth Republics. After World War II, he served three times as Prime Minister. Governments First ministry (11 September 1948 – 28 O ...
– Minister of Agriculture *
Albert Sarraut Albert-Pierre Sarraut (; 28 July 1872 – 26 November 1962) was a French Radical politician, twice Prime Minister during the Third Republic. Biography Sarraut was born on 28 July 1872 in Bordeaux, Gironde, France. On 14 March 1907 Sarraut ...
– Minister of Colonies *
Georges Bonnet Georges-Étienne Bonnet (; 23 July 1889 – 18 June 1973) was a French politician who served as foreign minister in 1938 and 1939 and was a leading figure in the Radical Party. Early life and career Bonnet was born in Bassillac, Dordogne, t ...
– Minister of Public Works *
Charles Daniélou Charles Léon Claude Daniélou (13 July 1878 – 30 December 1953) was a French politician who was Minister of the Merchant Marine in 1930–1931 and Minister of Health in 1932–1933). Early years Charles Léon Claude Daniélou came from a pros ...
– Minister of Public Health * Laurent Eynac – Minister of Posts, Telegraphs, and Telephones * Julien Durand – Minister of Commerce and Industry


List of positions held


References


External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Paul-Boncour, Joseph 1873 births 1972 deaths People from Loir-et-Cher Republican-Socialist Party politicians French Section of the Workers' International politicians Socialist Republican Union politicians Prime ministers of France Foreign ministers of France Ministers of war of France Ministers of war and national defence of France State ministers of France Government ministers of France Members of the 9th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 10th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 12th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 13th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of the 14th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic Members of Parliament for Loir-et-Cher Members of Parliament for Seine Members of Parliament for Tarn French senators of the Third Republic Members of the Provisional Consultative Assembly French senators of the Fourth Republic Senators of Loir-et-Cher French senators elected by the National Assembly 20th-century French diplomats French military personnel of World War I The Vichy 80 French Resistance members French people of the First Indochina War Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour Officiers of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques Knights of the Order of Agricultural Merit