Sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis (; also known as Besnier–Boeck–Schaumann disease) is a disease involving abnormal collections of White blood cell, inflammatory cells that form lumps known as granulomata. The disease usually begins in the lungs, skin, or lymph n ...

, an inflammatory disease, involves the skin in about 25% of patients. The most common lesions are

erythema nodosum Erythema nodosum (EN) is an inflammatory condition characterized by inflammation of subcutaneous fat tissue, resulting in painful red/blue lumps or nodules that are usually seen symmetrically on both shins, on the thighs, arms, and elsewhere. I ...

, plaques,

maculopapular A maculopapular rash is a type of rash characterized by a flat, red area on the skin that is covered with small confluent bumps. It may only appear red in lighter-skinned people. The term "maculopapular" is a compound: '' macules'' are small, fla ...

eruptions, subcutaneous nodules, and

lupus pernio Lupus pernio is a chronic raised indurated (hardened) lesion of the skin, often purplish in color. It is seen on the nose, ears, cheeks, lips, and forehead. It is pathognomonic of sarcoidosis. The name "lupus pernio" is a misnomer, as microscopi ...

. Treatment is not required, since the lesions usually resolve spontaneously in two to four weeks. Although it may be disfiguring, cutaneous sarcoidosis rarely causes major problems.Harrison's Practice
, Sarcoidosis.

Classification

Morphology

Ulcerative sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition affecting roughly 5% of people with

sarcoidosis Sarcoidosis (; also known as Besnier–Boeck–Schaumann disease) is a disease involving abnormal collections of White blood cell, inflammatory cells that form lumps known as granulomata. The disease usually begins in the lungs, skin, or lymph n ...

. Annular sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition characterized by papular

skin lesion A skin condition, also known as cutaneous condition, is any medical condition that affects the integumentary system—the organ system that encloses the body and includes skin, nails, and related muscle and glands. The major function of this ...

s arranged in annular patterns, usually with a red-brown hue.

Pattern

Morpheaform sarcoidosis is a very rare cutaneous condition characterized by specific cutaneous

s of

accompanied by substantial fibrosis, simulating

morphea Morphea is a form of scleroderma that mainly involves isolated patches of hardened skin on the face, hands, and feet, or anywhere else on the body, usually with no internal organ involvement. However, in Deep Morphea inflammation and sclerosis ...

. Erythrodermic sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition and very rare form of

. Hypopigmented sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition characterized by areas of hypopigmented

skin Skin is the layer of usually soft, flexible outer tissue covering the body of a vertebrate animal, with three main functions: protection, regulation, and sensation. Other animal coverings, such as the arthropod exoskeleton, have different ...

. It is usually diagnosed in darkly pigmented races and may be the earliest sign of

. Papular sarcoid is a cutaneous condition characterized by

papule A papule is a small, well-defined bump in the skin lesion, skin. It may have a rounded, pointed or flat top, and may have a umbilication, dip. It can appear with a Peduncle (anatomy), stalk, be thread-like or look warty. It can be soft or firm a ...

s, which are the most common morphology of cutaneous

. Ichthyosiform sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition resembling

ichthyosis vulgaris Ichthyosis vulgaris (also known as "autosomal dominant ichthyosis" and "Ichthyosis simplex") is a skin disorder causing dry, scaly skin. It is the most common form, and one of the mildest forms, of ichthyosis,Freedberg, et al. (2003). ''Fitzpatric ...

or acquired ichthyosis, with fine scaling usually on the distal extremities, by caused by

Location

Subcutaneous sarcoidosis (also known as "Darier–Roussy disease" and "Darier-Roussy sarcoid") is a cutaneous condition characterized by numerous 0.5- to 0.3-cm deep-seated nodules on the trunk and extremities. Scar sarcoid (also known as "Sarcoidosis in scars") is a cutaneous condition characterized by infiltration and elevation of tattoos and old flat scars due to

. Mucosal sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition characterized by pinhead-sized

s that may be grouped and fused together to form a flat plaque. Erythrodermic sarcoidosis is a cutaneous condition and very rare form of

References

External links

{{Sarcoidosis Autoimmune diseases Monocyte- and macrophage-related cutaneous conditions