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The Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons (J/TIP) is an agency within the
United States Department of State The United States Department of State (DOS), or State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs of other na ...
charged with investigating and creating programs to prevent
human trafficking Human trafficking is the trade of humans for the purpose of forced labour, sexual slavery, or commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker or others. This may encompass providing a spouse in the context of forced marriage, or the extr ...
both within the United States and internationally. The office also presents the Trafficking in Persons Report annually to Congress, concerning human trafficking in the U.S. and other nations. This report aims to raise awareness about human exploitation and trafficking, and to prevent it. The office's goals are to make the public aware, protect victims, take legal action against violators, establish necessary and just sentences for criminals, and train law enforcement individuals. The office is led by the
United States Ambassador-at-Large to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons The United States Ambassador-at-Large to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons is the head of the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons in the United States Department of State. The ambassador-at-large advises the United Stat ...
.


History

The Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons was established in October 2001 as a result of the passing of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000. This enabling legislation required the President to create a bureau within the State Department to specifically address human trafficking and exploitation on all levels and to take legal action against perpetrators. Additionally, this act was designed to also enforce all laws within the
Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution The Thirteenth Amendment (Amendment XIII) to the United States Constitution abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. The amendment was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, by the House of Representative ...
that apply. Currently, there is a U.S. Law on Trafficking in Persons, the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA), which has been reauthorized several times, most recently in March 2013.


Trafficking in Persons Report

The Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons monitors human trafficking and prosecutes perpetrators. It divides nations into tiers based on their compliance with standards outlined in the TVPA.


Officials


Directors

* Ambassador Nancy Ely-Raphel (2001–2002) * Ambassador-at-Large John R. Miller (2002–2006) * Ambassador-at-Large Mark P. Lagon (2007–2009) * Ambassador-at-Large Luis CdeBaca (2009–2014) * Ambassador-at-Large
Susan P. Coppedge Susan P. Coppedge is an American attorney and diplomat, who previously served as United States Ambassador-at-Large to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons. She was nominated by President Barack Obama and confirmed by the Senate Oct. 8, 2015. ...
(2015–2017) * Ambassador-at-Large John Cotton Richmond (2018–2021) * Acting Director Kari Johnstone (2021–present)


Deputy Directors

* Laura Lederer (2001-2002) * JoAnn Schneider (2002–2005) * Paula Goode (2005–2008) * Nan Kennelly (2008– ) *
Alison Keihl Friedman Alison may refer to: People * Alison (given name), including a list of people with the name * Alison (surname) Music * ''Alison'' (album), aka ''Excuse Me'', a 1975 album by Australian singer Alison MacCallum * "Alison" (song), song by El ...
(2011– )


Reporting trafficking in the US

Individuals may call the National Human Trafficking Resource Center (1-888-373-7888) to report a potential case of human trafficking; to connect with local anti-trafficking services; or to request training and technical assistance, general information, or specific anti-trafficking resources. The hotline is funded by th
Department of Health and Human Services
but is operated by Polaris Project, a non-governmental organization. Victims can call for help, even if they are undocumented. Victims are commonly trafficked internationally as well as within their own countries.


Notes


External links

*
Punishing Trafficking Offenders Adequately

Department of Health and Human Services Rescue and Restore Campaign

National Human Trafficking Hotline
{{DEFAULTSORT:Office To Monitor And Combat Trafficking In Persons United States Department of State agencies Human trafficking in the United States Missing people organizations