Optoelectrofluidics

Optoelectrofluidics, also known as optically induced electrohydrodynamics, refers to the study of the motions of particles or molecules and their interactions with optically-induced electric field and the surrounding fluid.

This concept includes electrothermal vortex, electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, and electroosmosis induced by combination of optical and electrical energy or by optical-electrical energy transfer.

In 1995, an electrothermal vortices induced by a strong IR ( infrared) laser projected into an electric field have been utilized to concentrate microparticles and molecules. In 2000, UV( ultraviolet) pattern projected onto ITO ( indium tin oxide) electrode has been applied for patterning colloidal particles. Illumination of the ITO electrode by UV light results in a small increase in the current from the generation of electron-hole pairs at the ITO/water interface. In 2005, optoelectronic tweezers (OET), wherein a photoconductive material was utilized to induce electric field using the optical decrement of electrical resistance on a partially illuminated area, has been reported. After that, many researches in several view-points have been performed as below.

Display Devices

1. DMD( digital micromirror device)-based Optoelectronic Tweezers (OET)
P.Y. Chiou, ''et al.'', ''Nature'' 436, pp.370-372 (2005)
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2. Projector-based Image Dielectrophoresis (iDEP)
Y.-s. Lu, ''et al.'', ''Opt. Quant. Elec.'' 37, pp.1385-1395 (2006)
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3. LCD(liquid crystal display)-based Lab-on-a-Display (LOD)
W. Choi, ''et al.'', ''Microfluid. Nanofluid.'' 3, pp.217-225 (2007)
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4. Lens-integrated LCD-based System
H. Hwang, ''et al.'', ''Electrophoresis'' 29, pp.1203-1212 (2008)

System Configuration

1. Interactive & Microscope-integrated System
H. Hwang, ''et al.'', ''Electrophoresis'' 29, pp.1203-1212 (2008)
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2. Double Photoconductive Layers
H. Hwang, ''et al.'', ''Appl. Phys. Lett.'' 92, pp.024108 (2008)
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3. Floating Electrode OET
S. Park, ''et al.'', ''Appl. Phys. Lett.'' 92, pp.151101 (2008)
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4. Integration with Electrowetting Device
G.J. Shah, ''et al.''
''Lab Chip'' (2009)

5. Optoelectrofluidic Fluorescence Microscopy
H. Hwang and J.-K. Park, ''Anal. Chem.''
(2009)

Target Materials

1. Cultured cells
A.T. Ohta, ''et al.'', ''IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Elec.'' 13, pp.237-240 (2007)
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2. DNA
M. Hoeb, ''et al.'', ''Biophys. J.'' 93, pp.1032-1038 (2007)
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3. Blood cell
H. Hwang, ''et al.'', ''Electrophoresis'' 29, pp.1203-1212 (2008)
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4. Semiconducting nanowires

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5. Swimming bacteria
W. Choi, ''et al.'', ''Appl. Phys. Lett.'' 93, pp.143901 (2008)
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6. Oocyte
H. Hwang, ''et al.'', ''Biomicrofluidics'' 3, pp.014103 (2009)
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7. Polysaccharide, Protein and Fluorophore
H. Hwang and J.-K. Park, ''Anal. Chem.''
(2009)

Operating Principles

1. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) : Most of the researches above.

2. AC Electro-osmosis (ACEO)
P.-Y. Chiou, ''et al.'', ''J. Microelectromech. Syst.'' 17, pp.525-531 (2008)
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3. Electro-orientation
W. Choi, ''et al.'', ''Appl. Phys. Lett.'' 93, pp.143901 (2008)
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4. Electrothermal flow
A. Mizuno, ''et al.'', ''IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl.'' 31,pp.464-468 (1995)S.J. Williams, A. Kumar and S. T. Wereley, ''Lab Chip'' 8,pp.1879-1882 (2008)
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5. Combination of AC Electrokinetics
H. Hwang and J.-K. Park, ''Lab Chip'' 9,pp.199-206 (2009)H. Hwang and J.-K. Park, ''Anal. Chem.''
(2009)

6. Optically induced electrohydrodynamic instability (OEHI)
Feifei Wang, Haibo Yu, Wenfeng Liang, Lianqing Liu, John D. Mai,Gwo-Bin Lee, Wen Jung Li,Microfluidics and Nanofluidics, Volume 16, Issue 6 , pp 1097–1106

Other Phenomena

1. Surface-Particle Interactions
H. Hwang, ''et al.'', ''Appl. Phys. Lett.'' 92, pp.024108 (2008)
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2. Particle-Particle Interactions : H. Hwang, ''et al.'', ''J. Phys. Chem. B'' 32, pp. 9903–9908 (2008)

Applications

1. Microlens Array Fabrication
J.-Y. Huang, Y.-S. Lu and J. A. Teh, ''Opt. Express'' 14, pp.10779-10784 (2006)
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2. Microparticle Separation
H. Hwang and J.-K. Park, ''Lab Chip'' 9,pp.199-206 (2009)
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3. In vitro Fertilization
H. Hwang, ''et al.''
''Biomicrofluidics'' 3, pp. 014103 (2009)

4. Electroporation
J.K. Valley, ''et al.'', ''Lab Chip''
(2009)

5. Local Chemical Concentration Control
H. Hwang and J.-K. Park, ''Anal. Chem.''
(2009)

6. Colloidal Assembly
H. Hwang, Y.-H. Park and J.-K. Park, ''Langmuir'' 25, pp.6010-6014 (2009)

Research Groups

1. Ming C. Wu's Group
Integrated Photonics Laboratory, UC Berkeley, CA, USA
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2. Je-Kyun Park's Group
NanoBiotech Laboratory, KAIST, KOREA
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3. P.Y. Chiou's Group

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4. Steve Wereley's Group
Microfluidics Laboratory, Purdue University, IN, USA
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5. Aloke Kumar's Group
Kumar Biomicrofluidics Laboratory


6. Stuart William's Group

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7. Han-Sheng Chuang's Group

References

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Electrodynamics