This list of ethnic slurs and epithets is sorted into categories that can defined by race,

ethnicity An ethnicity or ethnic group is a group of people with shared attributes, which they Collective consciousness, collectively believe to have, and long-term endogamy. Ethnicities share attributes like language, culture, common sets of ancestry, ...

, or

nationality Nationality is the legal status of belonging to a particular nation, defined as a group of people organized in one country, under one legal jurisdiction, or as a group of people who are united on the basis of culture. In international law, n ...

Broader ethnic categories

African

Most of these black slurs and all these African slurs apply also to

Cape Coloureds Cape Coloureds () are a South African group of Coloured people who are from the Cape region in South Africa which consists of the Western Cape, Northern Cape and the Eastern Cape. Their ancestry comes from the interracial mixing between the ...

. People of mixed races in

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. Its Provinces of South Africa, nine provinces are bounded to the south by of coastline that stretches along the Atlantic O ...

are referred to as

Coloured Coloureds () are multiracial people in South Africa, Namibia and, to a smaller extent, Zimbabwe and Zambia. Their ancestry descends from the interracial mixing that occurred between Europeans, Africans and Asians. Interracial mixing in South ...

with no derogatory connections. :; Af : (Rhodesia) African to a white Rhodesian (Rhodie). Livingstone, Douglas. 1986. ''Drums Along Balmoral Drive''. :; Ape : (US) a black person. :; Béni-oui-oui : Mostly used during the French colonization of Algeria as a term for

Algerian Muslims Algerian may refer to: * Something of, or related to Algeria * Algerian people, a person or people from Algeria, or of Algerian descent * Algerian cuisine * Algerian culture * Algerian Islamic reference * Algerian Mus'haf * Algerian (solitaire) * ...

. :; Bluegum : an African American perceived as being lazy and who refuses to work. :; Boogie : a black person (

film noir Film noir (; ) is a style of Cinema of the United States, Hollywood Crime film, crime dramas that emphasizes cynicism (contemporary), cynical attitudes and motivations. The 1940s and 1950s are generally regarded as the "classic period" of Ameri ...

); "The boogies lowered the boom on Beaver Canal." Mankiewicz, Joseph L., dir. 1950. ''No Way Out''

ilm Ilm or ILM may refer to: Acronyms * Identity Lifecycle Manager, a Microsoft Server Product * '' I Love Money,'' a TV show on VH1 * Independent Loading Mechanism, a mounting system for CPU sockets * Industrial Light & Magic, an American motion p ...

starring

Sidney Poitier Sidney Poitier ( ; February 20, 1927 – January 6, 2022) was a Bahamian-American actor, film director, activist, and diplomat. In 1964, he was the first black actor and first Bahamian to win the Academy Award for Best Actor. Among his ot ...

and

Richard Widmark Richard Weedt Widmark (December 26, 1914March 24, 2008) was an American film, stage, and television actor and producer. He was nominated for an Academy Award for his role as the villainous Tommy Udo in his debut film, ''Kiss of Death (1947 film ...

. :; Buck : a black person or Native American. :; Burrhead / Burr-head / Burr head : (US) a black person, in reference to

Afro-textured hair Kinky hair is a human hair texture prevalent in the Indigenous peoples of Sub-Saharan Africa and Melanesia. Each strand of this hair type grows in a repeating pattern of small contiguous kinks which can be classified as tight twists and sharp fol ...

. :; Bushy (s.) / Bushies, Amadushie (p.) : (South Africa)

Khoisan Khoisan ( ) or () is an Hypernymy and hyponymy, umbrella term for the various Indigenous peoples of Africa, indigenous peoples of Southern Africa who traditionally speak non-Bantu languages, combining the Khoekhoen and the San people, Sān peo ...

s. Historically used against the Khoisan people in Southern Africa, referring to their nomadic lifestyle and reliance on the bush for survival. :;

Colored ''Colored'' (or ''coloured'') is a racial descriptor historically used in the United States during the Jim Crow era to refer to an African American. In many places, it may be considered a slur. Dictionary definitions The word ''colored'' wa ...

: (US) a black person. Once generally accepted as inoffensive, this word is now considered disrespectful by some. The

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is an American civil rights organization formed in 1909 as an interracial endeavor to advance justice for African Americans by a group including W. E. B. Du&nbs ...

(NAACP) continues to use its full name unapologetically. This is not to be confused with the term "

person of color The term "person of color" (: people of color or persons of color; abbreviated POC) is used to describe any person who is not considered "white". In its current meaning, the term originated in, and is associated with, the United States. From th ...

" which is the preferred term for collectively referring to all non-white people. :; Cotton picker : (US) Individuals of Black African descent. :; Coon : (US and UK) originally used by Europeans/white people as a pejorative term for a black person. Possibly from Portuguese ''barracos,'' a building constructed to hold slaves for sale (1837). The term (though still also used in its original sense) is commonly used today by African or Black Americans towards members of the same race who are perceived to pander/kowtow to white people; to be a 'sellout'; to hate themselves; or to "collud with racism for personal gain."Abbey, Nels. 11 October 2018.
In defence of 'Uncle Tom' and 'coconut'
" ''

Media Diversified Media Diversified was a UK-based nonprofit media and advocacy organisation for writers and journalists of colour, founded by filmmaker Samantha Asumadu in 2013. It published nonfiction articles by a variety of writers at its website, which was updat ...

''. Retrieved 15 August 2020. It is often used against black conservatives or Republicans (similar to ''

Uncle Tom Uncle Tom is the title character of Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel ''Uncle Tom's Cabin''. The character was seen in the Victorian era as a ground-breaking literary attack against the dehumanization of slaves. Tom is a deeply religious Chri ...

'' and ''coconut'').Leonard, Connie. 14 August 2019.
AG candidate Daniel Cameron on racial slur: 'I've been called worse'
." ''Wave3''.Dunbar, Anwar Y. 3 September 2017.
Are you Cooning? Thoughts on Black America's new favorite racial slur, critical thought, and groupthink
" ''The'' ''Big Words Blog Site''. Also used to slur

Coloureds Coloureds () are multiracial people in South Africa, Namibia and, to a smaller extent, Zimbabwe and Zambia. Their ancestry descends from the interracial mixing that occurred between Europeans, Africans and Asians. Interracial mixing in South ...

in South Africa. The association of the term "coon" with the coloured group expresses ambivalent feelings about their mixed-race ancestral background, and signifies

self-deprecation Self-deprecation is the act of reprimanding oneself by belittling, undervaluing, disparaging oneself, or being excessively modest. It can be used as a way to make complaints, express modesty, invoke optimal reactions or add humour. It may also be ...

, subordination, and marginalization of the underprivileged. :; Crow : (US) a black person. :; Eggplant : (US) A black person. Notable for appearing in the 1979 film, ''

The Jerk ''The Jerk'' is a 1979 American comedy film directed by Carl Reiner and written by Steve Martin, Carl Gottlieb, and Michael Elias (from a story by Martin and Gottlieb). This was Martin's first starring role in a feature film. The film also f ...

'' and the 1993 film ''

True Romance ''True Romance'' is a 1993 American romantic crime film directed by Tony Scott and written by Quentin Tarantino. It features an ensemble cast led by Christian Slater and Patricia Arquette, with Dennis Hopper, Val Kilmer, Gary Oldman, Brad Pitt ...

''. :; Fuzzies : (Commonwealth) A black person. Notable for appearing in the 1964 film, '' Zulu''. :;

Fuzzy-Wuzzy "Fuzzy-Wuzzy" is a poem by the English author and poet Rudyard Kipling, published in 1892 as part of '' Barrack Room Ballads''. It describes the respect of the ordinary soldier for the bravery of the Hadendoa warriors who fought the British ar ...

: (Commonwealth) A Hadendoa Beja. The term is a reference to the distinctive ''dirwa'' hairstyle used by many Beja men. :; Gam, Gammat : (South Africa) Used to refer to

. It means "a person who is low or of inferior status" in Afrikaans. :;

Golliwogg The golliwog, also spelled golliwogg or shortened to golly, is a doll-like character, created by cartoonist and author Florence Kate Upton, which appeared in children's books in the late 19th century, usually depicted as a type of rag doll. ...

: (Commonwealth) a dark-skinned person, named after

Florence Kate Upton Florence Kate Upton (22 February 1873–16 October 1922) was an American-born (Queens County, NY) British dual-national cartoonist and author most famous for creating the Golliwog character, featured in a series of children's books. Early life ...

's children's book character. :; Hapsi / Habsi : (Nepal), a term used for black person from Africa. :; Houtkop : (South Africa) a black person and a

Cape Coloured Cape Coloureds () are a South African group of Coloured people who are from the Cape region in South Africa which consists of the Western Cape, Northern Cape and the Eastern Cape. Their ancestry comes from the interracial mixing between th ...

or coloured native. The term translates literally to "wooden head" in Afrikaans. :; Jigaboo / jiggabo, jijjiboo, zigabo / jig, jigg, jiggy, jigga : (US and UK) a black person (JB) with stereotypical black features. (dark skin, wide nose, etc.) Refer to mannerisms that resemble dancing. :;

Jim Crow The Jim Crow laws were state and local laws introduced in the Southern United States in the late 19th and early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation, " Jim Crow" being a pejorative term for an African American. The last of the ...

: (US) a black person; also the name for the

segregation Segregation may refer to: Separation of people * Geographical segregation, rates of two or more populations which are not homogenous throughout a defined space * School segregation * Housing segregation * Racial segregation, separation of human ...

laws prevalent in much of the United States until the civil rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s. :; Jim Fish : (South Africa) a black person. :; Jungle bunny : (US and UK) a black person. :; Kaffir, kaffer, kafir, kaffre : (South Africa) a. a black person. Considered ''very'' offensive. :;

Macaca The macaques () constitute a genus (''Macaca'') of gregarious Old World monkeys of the subfamily Cercopithecinae. The 23 species of macaques inhabit ranges throughout Asia, North Africa, and Europe (in Gibraltar). Macaques are principally fru ...

, macaque : a person of black African descent, originally used in languages of colonial powers in Africa. Same as "

macaque The macaques () constitute a genus (''Macaca'') of gregarious Old World monkeys of the subfamily Cercopithecinae. The 23 species of macaques inhabit ranges throughout Asia, North Africa, and Europe (in Gibraltar). Macaques are principally f ...

". :; Mammy : Domestic servant of black African descent, generally good-natured, often overweight, and loud.Goings, Kenneth (1994) ''Mammy and Uncle Mose: Black Collectibles and American Stereotyping'', Bloomington:

Indiana University Indiana University (IU) is a state university system, system of Public university, public universities in the U.S. state of Indiana. The system has two core campuses, five regional campuses, and two regional centers under the administration o ...

Press, :;

Makwerekwere The term ''makwerekwere'' (pronounced: or ), ''amakwerekwere'' or ''kwerekwere'' is commonly used in South Africa as a derogatory slur against foreign nationals, particularly those from other African countries. The slur has a multifaceted origi ...

, Kwerekwere : (South Africa) Used against foreigners, usually black migrants or refugees in South Africa. :; Monkey : a person of black African descent. See also

Macaca (slur) ''Macaca'' (feminine) and ''macaco'' (masculine) are the Portuguese words for "monkey" (compare English ''macaque''). In Portugal and Portuguese-speaking countries, ''macaco'' (plural ''macacos'') is used as a racial slur against black peopl ...

. It also gave rise to the racist "

monkey chants Monkey chanting is the making of calls aimed at ridiculing or denigrating Black sportspeople, usually footballers, who play in majority-White countries. The chants are intended to imitate the noises of monkeys or apes, and may be accompanied by ...

" in sports. :; Mosshead : a black person. :; Munt : (South Africa,

Zimbabwe file:Zimbabwe, relief map.jpg, upright=1.22, Zimbabwe, relief map Zimbabwe, officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Bots ...

, and

Zambia Zambia, officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central Africa, Central, Southern Africa, Southern and East Africa. It is typically referred to being in South-Central Africa or Southern Africa. It is bor ...

) a term, used among white people, for a black person. The term derives from ''muntu,'' the singular of Bantu. :; Nig-nog : (US and UK) a black person. :; Nigger / niggar / niggur, niger / nigor / nigre (Caribbean) / nigar, nigga / niggah / nig / nigguh : (International) a black person. From the word ''

negro In the English language, the term ''negro'' (or sometimes ''negress'' for a female) is a term historically used to refer to people of Black people, Black African heritage. The term ''negro'' means the color black in Spanish and Portuguese (from ...

'', which means the color black in numerous languages. Diminutive

appellation An appellation is a legally defined and protected geographical indication used to identify where the ingredients of a food or beverage originated, most often used for the origin of wine grapes. Restrictions other than geographical boundaries, s ...

s include ''Nigg'' and ''Nigz''. Over time, the terms ''

nigga ''Nigga'' (), also known as "''the N-word''", is a colloquial term in African-American Vernacular English that is considered as a vulgar word in most contexts of its use. It began as a dialect form of the word ''nigger'', an ethnic slur agai ...

'' and ''niggaz'' (plural) have come to be frequently used between some African or black diaspora without the negative associations of ''

nigger In the English language, ''nigger'' is a racial slur directed at black people. Starting in the 1990s, references to ''nigger'' have been increasingly replaced by the euphemistic contraction , notably in cases where ''nigger'' is Use–menti ...

''. Considered ''very'' offensive and typically censored as "the n-word" even in reference to its use. The terms niggress, negress, and nigette are feminized formulations of the term. :; Niglet / nigglet : a black child. :; Nigra / negra / niggra / nigrah / nigruh : (US) a black person, first used in the early 1900s. :;

Pickaninny Pickaninny (also picaninny, piccaninny or pickininnie) is a racial slur for African-American children and a pejorative term for Aboriginal children of the Americas, Australia, and New Zealand. The origins of the term are disputed. Along with s ...

: generally refers to black children, or a caricature of them which is widely considered racist. :; Porch monkey : a black person. :; Powder burn : a black person. :; Quashie : a black person. :;

Sambo Sambo may refer to: Places * Sambo, Angola, a commune in Tchicala Tcholohanga, Huambo Province, Angola * Sambo Creek, a village in Honduras People * Ferdy Sambo (born 1973), former Indonesian police general * Khem Sambo (1961–2011), Cambodi ...

: (US) an African American, black, Indigenous American, a mixed race person, or sometimes a South Asian person. :; Smoked Irishman : (US) 19th century term for black people. :; Sooty : a term for a black person, originated in the U.S. in the 1950s. :; Spade : a term for a black person, first recorded in 1928, from the playing cards suit. :; Spook : a black person. :;

Tar baby The Tar-Baby is the second of the Uncle Remus stories published in 1881; it is about a doll made of tar and turpentine used by the villainous Br'er Fox to entrap Br'er Rabbit. The more that Br'er Rabbit fights the Tar-Baby, the more entangl ...

: (US) a black person, especially a child. :; Tea bag : (South Africa) black or

individuals who have a light skin :; Teapot : A black person, derived in 19th century. :; Thicklips, bootlips : a black person. :; Yellow bone : (US) a light-skin black person

Asian

East Asian East Asia is a geocultural region of Asia. It includes China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan, plus two special administrative regions of China, Hong Kong and Macau. The economies of Economy of China, China, Economy of Ja ...

Celestial Celestial may refer to: Science * Objects or events seen in the sky and the following astronomical terms: ** Astronomical object, a naturally occurring physical entity, association, or structure that exists in the observable universe ** Celest ...

: (Australia) Chinese people, used in the late 1900s, a reference to their coming from the "

Celestial Empire Celestial Empire () is an archaic name used to refer to China or the Chinese Empire, from a literary and poetic translation of the Chinese term, one of many names for China. The name was used in reference to the status of the Emperor of China ...

" (i.e.

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

). :; Charlie : (US) A term used by American troops during the

Vietnam War The Vietnam War (1 November 1955 – 30 April 1975) was an armed conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia fought between North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) and South Vietnam (Republic of Vietnam) and their allies. North Vietnam w ...

as a shorthand for communist guerrillas: it was shortened from "Victor Charlie", the radio code designation for the

Viet Cong The Viet Cong (VC) was an epithet and umbrella term to refer to the communist-driven armed movement and united front organization in South Vietnam. It was formally organized as and led by the National Liberation Front of South Vietnam, and ...

, or VC. :;

Chinaman ''Chinaman'' () is an offensive term referring to a Chinese man or person, or widely a person native to geographical East Asia or of perceived East Asian ethnicity. The term is noted as having pejorative overtones by modern dictionaries. Its ...

: (US) Chinese person, used in old American west when discrimination against Chinese was common. :;

Chink ''Chink'' is an English-language List of ethnic slurs, ethnic slur usually referring to a person of Chinese people, Chinese descent, but also used to insult people with East Asian features. The use of the term describing eyes with epicanthic ...

: (US) a person of East Asian descent. :;

Coolie Coolie (also spelled koelie, kouli, khuli, khulie, kuli, cooli, cooly, or quli) is a pejorative term used for low-wage labourers, typically those of Indian people, Indian or Chinese descent. The word ''coolie'' was first used in the 16th cent ...

: (North America) unskilled Asian laborer, usually Chinese (originally used in the 19th century for Chinese railroad laborers). Possibly from Mandarin ''ku li'' () or Hindi ''kuli'', 'day laborer'. Also racial epithet for

Indo-Caribbean Indo-Caribbean or Indian-Caribbean people are people from the Caribbean who trace their ancestry to the Indian subcontinent. They are descendants of the Jahaji indentured laborers from British India, who were brought by the British, Dutch, and ...

people, especially in

Guyana Guyana, officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, is a country on the northern coast of South America, part of the historic British West Indies. entry "Guyana" Georgetown, Guyana, Georgetown is the capital of Guyana and is also the co ...

and

Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago, officially the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, is the southernmost island country in the Caribbean, comprising the main islands of Trinidad and Tobago, along with several List of islands of Trinidad and Tobago, smaller i ...

. :;

Gook Gook ( or ) is a derogatory term for people of East and Southeast Asian descent. Its origin is unclear, but it may have originated among U.S. Marines during the Philippine–American War (1899–1913). Historically, U.S. military personnel used t ...

: East Asian people, particularly aimed towards

Koreans Koreans are an East Asian ethnic group native to the Korean Peninsula. The majority of Koreans live in the two Korean sovereign states of North and South Korea, which are collectively referred to as Korea. As of 2021, an estimated 7.3 m ...

. The term originates from the

Korean War The Korean War (25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was an armed conflict on the Korean Peninsula fought between North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea; DPRK) and South Korea (Republic of Korea; ROK) and their allies. North Korea was s ...

and comes from the Korean word for country. The Korean word for the United States of America is ''Mee Hap Joon Gook'', which is shorten to the more familiar ''Mee Gook''. ''Dae Han Min Gook'' or the People's Republic of Korea is similarly shortened to ''Han Gook''. The word was given a derogatory slant by American service men who used it to refer to Koreans. It was also used prominently during the Vietnam War, particularly towards the Viet Cong. :;

Jap ''Jap'' is an English abbreviation of the word " Japanese". In the United States, some Japanese Americans have come to find the term offensive because of the internment they suffered during World War II. Before the attack on Pearl Harbor, ''Jap ...

: (Predominantly US) a Japanese person. Shortened from the word "

Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

", often used pejoratively. :;

Nip Ninjas in Pyjamas (often abbreviated to NIP and NiP) is a professional esports organisation based in Sweden that is best known for its ''Counter-Strike'' teams. In 2012, the team reformed with a ''Counter Strike: Global Offensive'' lineup upon ...

: a Japanese person. From '' Nippon'', first used in

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

. :; Oriental : (Predominantly US, used elsewhere) Refers to an East Asian person (of the

Orient The Orient is a term referring to the East in relation to Europe, traditionally comprising anything belonging to the Eastern world. It is the antonym of the term ''Occident'', which refers to the Western world. In English, it is largely a meto ...

) and/or their ethnicity. In 2016, US President

Barack Obama Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who was the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he was the first African American president in American history. O ...

signed a bill to remove the term ''Oriental'', together with some others, as a reference to a person from federal laws. :; Slope : (Australia) a person of East Asian descent. :; Yellow, Yellowman, or Yellowwoman : designating or pertaining to an East Asian person, in reference to those who have a yellowish skin complexion.

South Asian South Asia is the southern Subregion#Asia, subregion of Asia that is defined in both geographical and Ethnicity, ethnic-Culture, cultural terms. South Asia, with a population of 2.04 billion, contains a quarter (25%) of the world's populatio ...

:; Khuli (s.) / Amakhula (p.) : (South Africa) a person or people of Indian heritage. :;

American-Born Confused Desi "American-born confused desi" (ABCD) is an informal term used to refer to South Asian Americans, particularly of Indian, Pakistani, or Bangladeshi origin, born or raised in the United States, in contrast to those who were born overseas and later s ...

, or ABCD : (US) used by South-Asian diaspora for American-born South Asians, including Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi (mainly Indians, as they are the largest number of South Asians in the US) who are confused about their

cultural identity Cultural identity is a part of a person's identity (social science), identity, or their self-conception and self-perception, and is related to nationality, ethnicity, religion, social class, generation, Locality (settlement), locality, gender, o ...

. This is often used humorously without any derogatory meaning. :; Brownie : a brown-skinned person of South Asian, Arab, or Hispanic descent. Rarely used as someone of Native American or Pacific Islander descent. :; Chee-chee : a Eurasian half-caste, probably from Hindi ''chi-chi fie'', literally 'dirt'. :;

i : used in India for those from

Northeast India Northeast India, officially the North Eastern Region (NER), is the easternmost region of India representing both a geographic and political Administrative divisions of India, administrative division of the country. It comprises eight States and ...

. :; Curry muncher : (Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and North America) a person of Asian Indian origin. :; Madrasi : outdated exonym for the people of

South India South India, also known as Southern India or Peninsular India, is the southern part of the Deccan Peninsula in India encompassing the states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana as well as the union territories of ...

(named for the city of Madras, i.e. modern-day

Chennai Chennai, also known as Madras (List of renamed places in India#Tamil Nadu, its official name until 1996), is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Tamil Nadu by population, largest city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost states and ...

). :; Malaun : (Bangladesh) term for Hindus. :; Paki : (UK) pejorative for a person from South Asia (particularly Pakistan) and mainly used in the United Kingdom. First recorded in 1964 during increased immigration of Pakistanis to the United Kingdom and popularized during a heightened era of Paki-bashing. Although considered the 'P-Word' in the United Kingdom, it is colloquially used by Pakistanis in North America and elsewhere to refer to themselves and is not commonly perceived as deragatory when referred to as Paki by others.

Southeast Asian Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania. Southeast Asia is ...

:; Dink : Someone of Southeast Asian origin, particularly aimed towards a

Vietnamese Vietnamese may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Vietnam, a country in Southeast Asia * Vietnamese people, or Kinh people, a Southeast Asian ethnic group native to Vietnam ** Overseas Vietnamese, Vietnamese people living outside Vietna ...

person. Also used as a disparaging term for a North Vietnamese soldier or guerrilla in the Vietnam War. Origin: 1965–70, Americanism. :; Flip : (US) An ethnic slur applied to

Filipinos Filipinos () are citizens or people identified with the country of the Philippines. Filipinos come from various Austronesian peoples, all typically speaking Filipino language, Filipino, Philippine English, English, or other Philippine language ...

. :; Gugus : (US) a racial term used to refer to Filipino guerillas during the

Philippine–American War The Philippine–American War, known alternatively as the Philippine Insurrection, Filipino–American War, or Tagalog Insurgency, emerged following the conclusion of the Spanish–American War in December 1898 when the United States annexed th ...

. The term came from ''gugo'', the Tagalog name for ''

Entada phaseoloides ''Entada phaseoloides'', commonly known in English as the matchbox bean or St. Thomas' bean, is a large twining vine or liana in the pea and bean family Fabaceae, native to a broad area of Asia-Pacific, from China to northern Australia and the so ...

'' or the St. Thomas bean, the bark of which was used by Filipinas to shampoo their hair. The term was a predecessor to the term

gook Gook ( or ) is a derogatory term for people of East and Southeast Asian descent. Its origin is unclear, but it may have originated among U.S. Marines during the Philippine–American War (1899–1913). Historically, U.S. military personnel used t ...

, a racial term used to refer to all Asian people. :; Huan-a :

Hokkien Hokkien ( , ) is a Varieties of Chinese, variety of the Southern Min group of Chinese language, Chinese languages. Native to and originating from the Minnan region in the southeastern part of Fujian in southeastern China, it is also referred ...

word for foreigner, used to refer to non-Chinese Southeast Asian people and

Taiwanese aborigines Taiwanese may refer to: * of or related to Taiwan **Culture of Taiwan **Geography of Taiwan ** Taiwanese cuisine *Languages of Taiwan ** Formosan languages ** Taiwanese Hokkien, also known as the Taiwanese language * Taiwanese people, residents of ...

, considered offensive by most non-Chinese speakers. :; Jakun : a person considered unsophisticated in Malaysia; derived from the name of an indigenous

Orang Asli The Orang Asli are a Homogeneity and heterogeneity, heterogeneous Indigenous peoples, indigenous population forming a national minority in Malaysia. They are the oldest inhabitants of Peninsular Malaysia. As of 2017, the Orang Asli accounted f ...

group.

West Asian West Asia (also called Western Asia or Southwest Asia) is the westernmost region of Asia. As defined by most academics, UN bodies and other institutions, the subregion consists of Anatolia, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, Mesopotamia, the Armenian ...

:; Camel jockey : an

Arab Arabs (, , ; , , ) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world. Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years ...

. :; Hajji, Hadji, Haji : pejorative term used by the US military for

Iraqis Iraqis ( ; ) are the citizens and nationals of the Republic of Iraq. The majority of Iraqis are Arabs, with Kurds accounting for the largest ethnic minority, followed by Turkmen. Other ethnic groups from the country include Yazidis, As ...

, may also be used for other Muslims. Derived from the honorific '' Al-Hajji'', the title given to a Muslim who has completed the Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca). :; Sand nigger : person who dwells in deserts, especially of Arabian peninsula or African continent. :; Towelhead / Raghead : A Muslim, Arab, Sikh, or member of any group that traditionally wears headdress such as a

turban A turban (from Persian language, Persian دولبند‌, ''dolband''; via Middle French ''turbant'') is a type of headwear based on cloth winding. Featuring many variations, it is worn as customary headwear by people of various cultures. Commun ...

keffiyeh The keffiyeh (), also regionally known as a hattah (), ghutrah (), or shemagh (), is a traditional headdress worn by men from parts of the Middle East. It is fashioned from a square scarf, and is usually made of cotton. The keffiyeh is commonly ...

, or

headscarf A headscarf is a scarf covering most or all of the top of a person's, usually women's, hair and head, leaving the face uncovered. A headscarf is formed of a triangular cloth or a square cloth folded into a triangle, with which the head is cov ...

. :; Turco : (Argentina, Brazil, Chile) an Arab, or less commonly a Jew or Armenian. Used after the Ottoman nationality that early Palestinian, Lebanese and Syrian immigrants had on their passports

European

:; Ang mo: (Malaysia and Singapore)

for "red hair" referring to

Dutch people The Dutch, or Netherlanders (Dutch language, Dutch: ) are an ethnic group native to the Netherlands. They share a common ancestry and culture and speak the Dutch language. Dutch people and their descendants are found in migrant communities wor ...

from the 17th century and expanded to all

white people White is a Race (human categorization), racial classification of people generally used for those of predominantly Ethnic groups in Europe, European ancestry. It is also a Human skin color, skin color specifier, although the definition can var ...

by the 19th century, has become a neutral term in the 21st century. :; Barang : (Cambodia) any white person. :; Batakusai: (Japan) westerners, especially Europeans and Americans; literally "

butter Butter is a dairy product made from the fat and protein components of Churning (butter), churned cream. It is a semi-solid emulsion at room temperature, consisting of approximately 81% butterfat. It is used at room temperature as a spread (food ...

-smelling". The term originates from the 19th century, as following the

Opening of Japan ] The Perry Expedition (, , "Arrival of the Black Ships") was a diplomatic and military expedition in two separate voyages (1852–1853 and 1854–1855) to the Tokugawa shogunate () by warships of the United States Navy. The goals of this expedit ...

, westerners were believed to smell of

dairy product Dairy products or milk products are food products made from (or containing) milk. The most common dairy animals are cow, water buffalo, goat, nanny goat, and Sheep, ewe. Dairy products include common grocery store food around the world such as y ...

s (including butter), which were not widely eaten in Japan at the time. The term survives in the present day as a descriptor for things that are 'obnoxiously western', or to refer to things of western origin. :; Bule : (Indonesia) white people; literally, "albino", but used to mean any white person, in the same way that "colored" might be used to refer to a black person. :; Charlie : used by

African Americans African Americans, also known as Black Americans and formerly also called Afro-Americans, are an American racial and ethnic group that consists of Americans who have total or partial ancestry from any of the Black racial groups of Africa ...

, mainly in the 1960s and 1970s, to refer to a white person. From James Baldwin's play, '' Blues For Mister Charlie''. :; Coonass or coon-ass : (US) a

Cajun The Cajuns (; French: ''les Cadjins'' or ''les Cadiens'' ), also known as Louisiana ''Acadians'' (French: ''les Acadiens''), are a Louisiana French ethnicity mainly found in the US state of Louisiana and surrounding Gulf Coast states. Whi ...

; may be derived from the French ''conasse''. :;

Cracker Cracker, crackers or The Crackers may refer to: Animals * ''Hamadryas'' (butterfly), or crackers, a genus of brush-footed butterflies * '' Sparodon'', a monotypic genus whose species is sometimes known as "Cracker" Arts and entertainment Films ...

: (US) white people, originally and still particularly used to refer to poor white people from the

American South The Southern United States (sometimes Dixie, also referred to as the Southern States, the American South, the Southland, Dixieland, or simply the South) is census regions United States Census Bureau. It is between the Atlantic Ocean and the ...

. :;

Farang Farang () is a Persian word that originally referred to the Franks (the major Germanic people) and later came to refer to Western or Latin Europeans in general. The word is borrowed from Old French or Latin , which are also the source of ...

: (Thailand) any white person. :; Firangi : (India) a white foreigner. Same word origin as Thai

. :; Gammon : (UK) white people, especially older white men – based on the reddish appearance of their faces when flushed. :; Gora (, ), Goro () : (India) a person of European descent or other light skinned person in

Hindi Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...

and other Indo-Aryan languages. However, it has recently been connected to racism. "Gori" is the feminine form. :;

Gringo ''Gringo'' (, , ) (masculine) or ''gringa'' (feminine) is a term in Spanish and Portuguese for a foreigner. In Spanish, the term usually refers to English-speaking Anglo-Americans. There are differences in meaning depending on region and country ...

: (Americas) Non-Hispanic US national. Hence Gringolandia, the United States; not always a pejorative term, unless used with intent to offend. :; Gubba : (Australia) Aboriginal (Koori) term for white people – derived from Governor / Gubbanah :;

Gweilo ''Gweilo'' or (, pronounced ) is a common Cantonese slang term for Westerners. The term can be literally translated as "ghost man" and has a history of racially deprecatory and pejorative use, though its modern usage is often in a general and ...

, gwailo, kwai lo : (Hong Kong and South China) A White man. ''Gwei'' or ''kwai'' () means 'ghost', which the color white is associated with in China; and the term ''lo'' () refers to a regular guy (i.e. a fellow, a chap, or a bloke). Once a mark of

xenophobia Xenophobia (from (), 'strange, foreign, or alien', and (), 'fear') is the fear or dislike of anything that is perceived as being foreign or strange. It is an expression that is based on the perception that a conflict exists between an in-gr ...

, the word was promoted by

Maoists Maoism, officially Mao Zedong Thought, is a variety of Marxism–Leninism that Mao Zedong developed while trying to realize a socialist revolution in the agricultural, pre-industrial society of the Republic of China and later the People's Re ...

as insulting but is now in general, informal use. :;

Honky Honky (also spelled honkey) is a derogatory term used to refer to white people, predominantly heard in the United States. The first recorded use of "honky" in this context may date back to 1946. Etymology The exact origins of the word are gener ...

: (US) a white person. :;

Haole ''Haole'' (; ) is a Hawaiian term for individuals who are not Native Hawaiian, and is applied to people primarily of European ancestry. Background The origins of the word predate the 1778 arrival of Captain James Cook, as recorded in several ...

: (Hawaii) Usually not offensive, can be derogatory if intended to offend. Used by modern-day

Native Hawaiians Native Hawaiians (also known as Indigenous Hawaiians, Kānaka Maoli, Aboriginal Hawaiians, or simply Hawaiians; , , , and ) are the Indigenous Polynesian people of the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaiʻi was settled at least 800 years ago by Polynesian ...

to refer to anyone of European descent whether native born or not. Use has spread to many other islands of the Pacific and is known in modern pop culture. :; Hunky / Bohunk : (US) A

Central Europe Central Europe is a geographical region of Europe between Eastern Europe, Eastern, Southern Europe, Southern, Western Europe, Western and Northern Europe, Northern Europe. Central Europe is known for its cultural diversity; however, countries in ...

an laborer. It originated in the coal regions of Pennsylvania and West Virginia, where Poles and other immigrants from Central Europe (Hungarians Magyar">Magyarization.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Magyarization">Magyar Rusyns">Magyarization">Magyar<_a>.html" ;"title="Magyarization.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Magyarization">Magyar">Magyarization.html" ;"title="nowiki/>Magyarization">Magyar Rusyns, Slovaks) came to perform hard manual labor on the mines. :; Land thief : (South Africa) a white person from South Africa. The term implies that white people stole land from black people during the Apartheid era, and are therefore responsible for the current economic and social inequalities in the country. :; Mangiacake : (Canada) used by

Italian Canadian Italian Canadians or Italo-Canadians (; ) are Canadian-born citizens who are fully or partially of Italian descent, whose ancestors were Italians who migrated to Canada as part of the Italian diaspora, or Italian-born people in Canada. Accordin ...

s for those of

Anglo-Saxon The Anglo-Saxons, in some contexts simply called Saxons or the English, were a Cultural identity, cultural group who spoke Old English and inhabited much of what is now England and south-eastern Scotland in the Early Middle Ages. They traced t ...

Northwestern Europe Northwestern Europe, or Northwest Europe, is a loosely defined subregion of Europe, overlapping Northern and Western Europe. The term is used in geographic, history, and military contexts. Geographic definitions Geographically, Northwestern ...

an descent. ''Mangiacake'' literally translates to '

cake Cake is a flour confection usually made from flour, sugar, and other ingredients and is usually baked. In their oldest forms, cakes were modifications of bread, but cakes now cover a wide range of preparations that can be simple or elabor ...

eater', and one suggestion is that this term originated from the perception of Italian immigrants that Canadian or North American white bread is sweet as cake in comparison to the rustic bread eaten by Italians. :; Medigan / Amedigan : (US) A term used by

Italian American Italian Americans () are Americans who have full or partial Italians, Italian ancestry. The largest concentrations of Italian Americans are in the urban Northeastern United States, Northeast and industrial Midwestern United States, Midwestern ...

s to refer to Americans of White Anglo Saxon Protestant descent, Americans of

an descent, Americans with no discernible ethnicity, or Americans of non-Italian descent in general. Comes from Southern Italian pronunciation of the Italian word ''americano''. :; Ofay : (US) a white person. Etymology is unknown. :; Arkie : (US) A person from the State of Arkansas, used during the great depression for farmers from Arkansas looking for work elsewhere. :;

Okie An Okie is a person identified with the state of Oklahoma, or their descendants. This connection may be residential, historical or cultural. For most Okies, several (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of their bei ...

: (US) A person from the State of Oklahoma, used during the great depression for farmers from Oklahoma looking for work elsewhere. :;

Peckerwood ''Peckerwood'' is a US racial epithet used against white people, especially poor white, poor rural whites. Originally an ethnic slur, the term has been reclaimed by a subculture related to prison gangs and outlaw motorcycle clubs. The term was in ...

: (US) a white person (southerner). This word was coined in the 19th century by Southern black people to refer to poor white people. :; Pink pig : (South Africa) a white person. :; Whitey : (US) a white person.

Mediterranean

:; Chocko : (Australia) a person of Mediterranean, Southern European, or

Middle East The Middle East (term originally coined in English language) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq. The term came into widespread usage by the United Kingdom and western Eur ...

ern descent. :; Dago : (UK and Commonwealth) may refer to

Italians Italians (, ) are a European peoples, European ethnic group native to the Italian geographical region. Italians share a common Italian culture, culture, History of Italy, history, Cultural heritage, ancestry and Italian language, language. ...

Spaniards Spaniards, or Spanish people, are a Romance-speaking ethnic group native to the Iberian Peninsula, primarily associated with the modern nation-state of Spain. Genetically and ethnolinguistically, Spaniards belong to the broader Southern a ...

, Portuguese, and potentially

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

peoples. Possibly derived from the Spanish name ''Diego''. :: (US) refers specifically to Italians. :; Greaseball, Greaser : (US especially) ''Greaseball'' generally refers to a person of

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...

descent. Meanwhile, though it may be used as a shortening of ''greaseball'' to refer to Italians, ''greaser'' has been more often applied to Hispanic Americans or

Mexican American Mexican Americans are Americans of full or partial Mexico, Mexican descent. In 2022, Mexican Americans comprised 11.2% of the US population and 58.9% of all Hispanic and Latino Americans. In 2019, 71% of Mexican Americans were born in the Unite ...

s. However, ''greaseball'' (and to a lesser extent, ''greaser'') can also refer to any person of

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...

Southern European Southern Europe is also known as Mediterranean Europe, as its geography is marked by the Mediterranean Sea. Definitions of southern Europe include some or all of these countries and regions: Albania, Andorra, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, C ...

descent or

Hispanic The term Hispanic () are people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or broadly. In some contexts, Hispanic and Latino Americans, especially within the United States, "Hispanic" is used as an Ethnici ...

descent, including Greeks, Spaniards, and the Portuguese, as well as Latin Americans. ''Greaser'' also refer to members of a 1950-1960s subculture which

Italian Americans Italian Americans () are Americans who have full or partial Italians, Italian ancestry. The largest concentrations of Italian Americans are in the urban Northeastern United States, Northeast and industrial Midwestern United States, Midwestern ...

and

Hispanic Americans Hispanic and Latino Americans are Americans who have a Spaniards, Spanish or Latin Americans, Latin American background, culture, or family origin. This demographic group includes all Americans who identify as Hispanic or Latino (demonym), ...

were stereotyped to be a part of. :; Kanake : (Germany) Used in 1960s Germany to refer to Southern European and Mediterranean immigrants, increasingly used exclusively for Turkish people. :; Métèque : (France) Mediterranean or Middle Eastern immigrant, especially Italians. :; Wog : (Australia) used for the first wave of Southern European immigrants to Australia and their descendants that contrasted with the dominant Anglo-Saxon/Anglo-Celtic colonial stock. Used mostly for Mediterraneans and Southern Europeans, including the Spanish, Italians, Greeks, Macedonians, Lebanese, Arabs, Croatians and Serbians.

American

Hispanic/Mestizo

:; Beaner : Term for Mexican, but can be used for Hispanics in general because of the idea that all Hispanics are the same. :; Brownie : Someone of

, Indian, and Arab, rarely used as someone of Native American or Pacific Islander descent. :; Cholo : term used by Chilean officers to refer to Peruvians during the War of the Pacific (1879–1883). :; Greaseball : (US) Can refer to a person of Italian or Hispanic descent. More generally, it can also refer to anyone of Mediterranean or Latin American descent. :; Greaser : (US) Can refer to a person of Italian or Hispanic descent. Can also refer to members of the 1950-1960s subculture which

and

were stereotyped to be a part of. :; Spic, spick, spik, spig, or spigotty : A person of Hispanic descent. First recorded use in 1915. Theories include it originating from "no spik English" (originally "spiggoty", from "no speak-o t'e English"). Also used for someone who speaks the Spanish language. In the early 20th century, "spic", "spig", and "spigotty" were also similarly used against Italian immigrants in the United States and Italians in general, as well as Portuguese people. :; Sudaca : (Spain) a person from Latin America or "Sudamérica". :; Tonk : An illegal migrant from Mexico. :; Veneco : Originally used by Colombians to refer to Colombians returned from Venezuela, now used in parts of South America to refer to Venezuelan immigrants. :; Wetback (slur), Wetback : A Latin American person. Originally applied specifically to Mexican migrant workers who had crossed the Rio Grande border river illegally to find work in the United States, its meaning has since broadened.

Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Native American

:; Brownie : A brown-skinned person, or someone of Indigenous Australian, American, or Canadian descent, as well as of those of Hispanic or South Asian descent. :; Chug : (Canada) refers to an individual of Aboriginal peoples in Canada, aboriginal descent. From the native people Chugach. :; Eskimo, Eskimo Pie : an indigenous person from the Arctic. Once a common term in Canada, ''Eskimo'' has come to be considered offensive and ''Inuit'' (or ''Inuk'') is now preferred. ''Eskimo Pie'' has also been used against Inuk persons. :; Native American name controversy#United States, Indian : People indigenous to the Americas, termed by Columbus due to the fact he thought he arrived in the East Indies. The term is considered offensive by few, but is still used within the Indian Status, Canadian legal system. :; Papoose : refers specifically to Native American children, although sometimes used to refer to children in general. From the Algonquian language family and generally inoffensive when used in such contexts. :; Nigger#Denotational extension, Prairie Nigger : refers to Native Americans in the Great Plains. :; Redskin : a Native American person. :; Squaw : (US and Canada) a female Native American. Derived from the lower East-Coast Algonquian peoples, Algonquian language Massachusett language, Massachusett term ''ussqua'', which originally meant 'young woman', but which took on strong negative connotations in the late 20th century. :; Nigger#Denotational extension, Timber Nigger : (US) used by white Americans in reference to a Native American person. :; Wagon burner : a Native American person, in reference to when Native American tribes would attack wagon trains during the American frontier#Indian wars west of the Mississippi, wars in the eastern American frontier. :; Yanacona : a term used by modern Mapuche as an insult for Mapuche considered to be subservient to non-indigenous Chileans, 'sellout'. Use of the word ''Yanakuna, yanacona'' to describe people have led legal action in Chile.

Indigenous peoples of Oceania, Oceanian

Aboriginal Australian

:; Abo / Abbo : (Australia) an Aboriginal Australians, Aboriginal Australian. Originally, this was simply an informal term for ''Indigenous Australians, Aborigine'', and was in fact used by Aboriginal people themselves until it started to be considered offensive in the 1950s. In remoter areas, Aboriginal people still often refer to themselves (quite neutrally) as ''Blackfellas'' (and white people as ''Whitefellas''). Although ''Abo'' is still considered quite offensive by many, the pejorative ''boong'' is now more commonly used when the intent is deliberately to offend, as that word's status as an insult is unequivocal. :; Boong / bong / bung : (Australia) an Aboriginal Australian. ''#B, Boong'', pronounced with near-close near-back rounded vowel, ʊ (like the vowel in ''bull''), is related to the Australian English, Australian-English slang word ''bung'', meaning 'dead', 'infected', or 'dysfunctional'. From ''bung'' comes the phrase ''to go bung'', "to die, then to break down, go bankrupt, cease to function [Ab. ''bong'' dead]." The term was first used in 1847 by J. D. Lang in ''Cooksland''. The (Oxford) The Australian National Dictionary, ''Australian National Dictionary'' gives its origin in the Wemba Wemba language, Wemba word for 'man' or 'human being'. :; Coon : an Aboriginal person. :; Gin : an Aboriginal woman. :; Lubra : an Aboriginal woman. An Aboriginal word.

Pacific Islander

:; Boonga / boong / bunga / boonie : (New Zealand) a Pacific Islander; an alteration of ''boong''. :; Brownie : Someone of Hispanic, Indian, and Arab, rarely used as someone of Native American or Pacific Islander descent. :; Hori (slur), Hori : (New Zealand), a Māori people, Māori; from the formerly common Māorified version of the English name ''George''. :; Kanaka (Pacific Island worker), Kanaka : originally referred to indentured laborers from the Pacific Islands, especially Melanesians and Polynesians.

Individual nationalities and/or ethnicities

African ethnicities

South Africans

: People of multiracial, mixed race of African, Asian & European descent. While the term "coloured" may be seen as offensive in some other western countries, such as Britain and the United States of America, it is currently treated as a neutral description in Southern Africa for people of mixed race. :; Japies, Yarpies : mildly derogative term for white South Africans, especially those of Afrikaners, Afrikaner descent. From the Afrikaans term ''plaasjapie'', meaning 'farm boy', and from the common Afrikaans first name Japie, a diminutive of Jacobus. :; Hottentot (racial term), Hottentot, Hotnot : used to refer to the Khoekhoen indigenous people of southwestern Africa. The term is also used to slur

Asian ethnicities

Arabs

:; Arabush / Aravush () : (Israel) Used by Israeli people, derived from Hebrew "Aravi" (Arab). :; Lebo, Lebbo : (mostly Australia) someone of Lebanese people, Lebanese descent, usually a Lebanese Australian. :; Turco : an Arab. Used in Chile after the Ottoman nationality that early Palestinian, Lebanese and Syrian immigrants had on their passports :; Wog : (Australia) used for the first wave of Southern European immigrants in Australia and their descendants, contrasting with the dominant Anglo-Saxon/Anglo-Celtic colonial stock. Originally used mostly for Mediterranean race, Mediterraneans and Southern Europeans, including the Spanish, Italians, Greeks, and Macedonians, expanded to include Mediterranean people of the Middle East or Levantine, including the Lebanese.

Chinese

Filipinos

:; Visayans, Bisaya: Ethnic Visayans, "Visayan" is the anglicization of the Spanish language in the Philippines, hispanized term ''Bisayas'' (archaic ''Biçayas''), in turn derived from Visayan ''Bisaya''. ''Kabisay-an'' refers both to the Visayan people collectively and the islands they have inhabited since prehistory, the Visayas. The exact meaning and origin of the name ''Bisaya'' is unknown. The first documented use of the name is possibly by Song-era Chinese maritime official Zhao Rugua who wrote about the "Pi-sho-ye", who raided the coasts of Fujian and Penghu during the late 12th century using iron javelins attached to ropes as their weapons. :; Promdi: From a pronunciation spelling of English "from the (province)". This term can be offending or stereotypical of people who come from countryside.

Japanese

Jews

:; Kapo (concentration camp), Kapo : generally used of one Jew by another. :; Kike, kyke : (mostly US) used for Ashkenazi Jews. Possibly from Yiddish ''kikel'', 'circle', as immigrant Jews who could not read English often signed legal documents with an "O" (similar to an "X", to which Jews objected because such also symbolizes a cross). :; Shylock : Jews, based upon the Shakespeare character of the same name. Relates to money lending and greed. :; Yid, zhyd :term for Jews, derived from its use as an endonym among Yiddish-speaking Jews. In English, ''yid'' can be used both as a neutral or derogatory term, whereas the Russian ''zhyd'' came to be a pejorative term banned by the Soviet authorities in the 1930s.Karel C. Berkhoff, Berkhoff, Karel C. 2008
''Harvest of Despair: Life and Death in Ukraine Under Nazi Rule''
Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Belknap Press. . p. 60. However, in most other Slavic languages (e.g. Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovene, Croatian), the term simply translates to 'Jew' (e.g. Polish: :pl:żyd, ''żyd'') and is thus not a pejorative.

Koreans

European ethnicities

Britons

:; Limey : A predominantly North American slang nickname for British people, Britons, especially those from England. The term originates from the usage of Lime (fruit), limes by the Royal Navy, British Navy to prevent scurvy. :; Pom (slang), Pom, Pommy : In Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, the term usually denotes an English person. :; wikt:pirata#Spanish, Pirata : Argentine term for British people, meaning 'pirate' in English. Used before and during the Falklands War, Falklands conflict.

= Scots

= :; Jock : (UK) used in Southern England, occasionally used as an insult. The term became an offensive word during the war of succession with England when all Scots were referred to as ''Jocks''. :; Porridge wog : Used to refer to Scots. :; Scotch (adjective), Scotch : an old-fashioned adjective to refer to the Scottish. :; Teuchter : a Lowland Scots word originally used to describe a Scottish Highlander, essentially describing someone perceived as being uncouth and rural.

= Welsh

= :; Dic Siôn Dafydd : (Wales) an anglicised Welsh person, an individual who speaks English and refuses to speak Welsh, or someone who turned their back on the Welsh nation. :; Sheep shagger : (UK) a Welsh person, implying that the individual engages in intercourse with sheep. :; Taffy was a Welshman, Taffy : a Welsh person, arose during the industrial revolution, when many Welsh families settled in mining towns outside of Wales, or even English miners settled in Wales for work, thus; expressed a distrust for people who spoke a different language to the English.

Dutch

:; Kaaskop : Literally translates to "Cheesehead". Can also refer specifically to people from the Holland region when used by people in the southern Netherlands and Belgium :; Tatta : Dutch person of native descent. The term originated from Dutch straattaal , a type of urban slang. It is derived from the Sranan Tongo word for potatoes (patata), which the Dutch are known to eat. Sometimes used to generically mean "person".

Germans

:; Boches : Apheresis (linguistics), Apheresis of the word ''alboche'', which in turn is a blend of ''allemand'' (French for ''German'') and ''Cabossed, caboche'' (slang for 'head'). Used mainly during the First and Second World Wars, and directed especially at German soldiers. :; Chleuh : a term with racial connotations, derived from the name of the Chleuh, a North African ethnicity. It also denotes the absence of words beginning in ''Schl-'' in French. It was used mainly in World War II, but is also used now in a less offensive way. :; :it:Crucco, Crucco : From serbocroation "kruh"=Bread. In WW I used for austro-ungarian prisoners of croatian nationality in Italian camps because, when hungry, they begged for "kruh". In WW II applied to german soldiers by italian soldiers fighting with them in the USSR and later by italian partisans. :; Hermans, Herms : Based on the common German name Hermann (name), Hermann, pronounced to rhyme with "German". :; The Huns#20th-century use in reference to Germans, Hun, Huns: Initially seen on Allied war propaganda during World War I. An allusion to the legendary savagery of Attila the Hun, referenced by Kaiser Wilhelm II in a speech given in 1900, exhorting his troops to be similarly brutal and relentless in suppressing the Boxer Rebellion in

. :; Jerry, Gerry : Rhyming slang (i.e., List of terms used for Germans#Jerry, Jerry the German), primarily used in the First and Second World Wars by the British and other English-speaking nations. Based on the common given nickname Jerry (WWII), Jerry, short for Jeremiah, Gerald, and other similar-sounding names. :; Kraut : a German, used in Anglophone nations since World War II. The term is probably based on ''sauerkraut'', which is popular in various South-German cuisines but traditionally not prepared in North Germany. :; Marmeladinger : From Southern German/Austrian ''marmelade'', 'Marmalade, jam'. The origins can be traced to the trenches of World War I: while Austrian infantry rations included butter and lard as spread, German troops had to make do with cheaper marmelade as Ersatz good, ersatz, which they disdainfully called ''Heldenbutter'' ('Hero's butter') or ''Hindenburgfett''. :; Mof : Germans, reflecting Dutch resentment of the German occupation of the Netherlands during the Second World War. It is the second most common term in Dutch for the German people, after the regular/official term (''Duitsland, Duitse'').Waarom wordt een Duitser Mof genoemd ???
(Dutch language, Dutch) :; Nazi : Used against any German or German-American without regard to their politics or family history, even towards those who suffered under the Nazi regime. :; Piefke : a German, used by Austrians, derived from the name of Prussian military composer and band-leader Johann Gottfried Piefke. Like its Bavarian counterpart ''Saupreiß'' ('sow-Prussian'), the term ''Piefke'' historically characterized the people of Prussia only.

Finns

:; Anti-Finnish sentiment#China Swede, China Swede : (US) a person of Finnish people, Finnish descent. :; Chukhna : (Russia) a person of Finnish descent.

French

:; Franchute : (Chile) used in Chile to refer to French people. :; Gabacho : (Chile) a French person. According to Oreste Plath this name may derive from the one or various placenames in the Pyrenees, Pyreneean foothills. :; Frog (Eater) : (English speaking world) A reference to Frog legs

Irish

:; Bog-trotter or Bog Irish : Irish, derived from the widespread occurrence of peat bogs in central Ireland and the attendant Irish practice of peat cutting for fuel. :; Mick : (US and UK) an Irishman. Like Mickey, Mike, and Mikey, Mick is a common abbreviation or nickname for Michael (in English) or Mícheál (its equivalent in Irish language, Irish), which are common names for Irish males (such as Mick McCarthy). :; Paddy : an Irish man, derived from a nickname for Pádraig, a common Irish name for males after St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. The term is not always intended to be derogatoryfor instance, it was used by Taoiseach-in-waiting Enda Kenny in February 2011. :; Prod : abbreviation for ''Protestant'', especially Protestantism in Northern Ireland, Northern Ireland Protestants, often used alongside ''Taig'' (Irish Catholics) in expressions such as ''both Taigs and Prods''. Like other such abbreviations everywhere, it is often used for convenience, as a friendly nickname, or as self-description, usually without any offense being intended, and usually without any offense being taken. :; Taig : a term referring to Catholicism in Northern Ireland, Catholics in Northern Ireland, often having implications of Irish republicanism, Republican sympathy. It is derived from the Irish Gaelic forename ''Tadhg'', and is often used alongside ''Prod'' (Irish Protestants), in expressions such as ''both Taigs and Prods''. :; Snout : used in Northern Ireland to refer to Protestants of British descent living in Northern Ireland.

Italians

:; Bachicha : (Chile) an Italian. :; Continentale : (Italy) a neutral term used by people from Sardinia and Sicily to indicate someone's origin from the Italian peninsula; in Sardinia, the word has taken on the general meaning of "non-Sardinian." :; wikt:dago, Dago : (US) a person of Italian descent. Possibly originally from the common Spanish first name Diego. :; Eyetie : (US) a person of Italian descent, derived from the mispronunciation of ''Italian'' as ''eye-talian''. :; Gino / Gina : (Canada) A person of Italian descent who exhibits certain exaggerated "ethnic" characteristics such as excessive jewellery, big hair, and open shirts (for males). :; Ginzo : (US) An Italian Americans, Italian American. :; wikt:goombah, Goombah : (US) an Italian male, especially an Italian thug or Made man, mafioso. From the Neapolitan language, Neapolitan and Sicilian language, Sicilian ''cumpà'' and ''cumpari'' ('buddy'). :; Greaseball, Greaser : (US) a person of Italian or Hispanic descent. In particular, ''greaser'' also referred to Greaser (subculture), members of the 1950s subculture that Italians were stereotyped to be a part of. :; Guido (slang), Guido : (US) an Italian American male. Used mostly in the Northeastern United States as a stereotype for working-class urban Italian-Americans. Derives from the Italians, Italian given name Guido. :; Guinea : (US) someone of Italian descent, most likely derived from "Demographics of Guinea, Guinea Negro", implying that Italians are dark or swarthy-skinned like the natives of Guinea. :; Macaronar : (Romania) used for Italians in general, roughly meaning "macaroni eater/maker". :; Polentone : (Italy) used by Southern Italy, southern Italians to refer to Northern Italy, northern Italians. It stands for 'polenta eater'. :; Terrone : (Italy) Southern Italians, originated in northern Italy to refer to people from the South who moved there. Derives from , Italian language, Italian for "land". :; Wog : (Aus) the first wave of Southern European immigrants in Australia and their descendants, contrasting with the dominant Anglo-Saxon/Anglo-Celtic colonial stock. Used mostly for Mediterraneans and Southern Europeans, including the Spanish, Italians, Greeks, Macedonians, Lebanese, Arabs, Croatians and Serbians. :; Wop : (US) an ethnic term for anyone of Italian descent, derived from the Neapolitan language, Neapolitan word ''guappo'', close to 'dude, swaggerer' and other informal appellations. Some etymologies popularly, but inaccurately, provided that it stands for "Illegal immigration, With Out Passport/Papers or "Construction, Working On Pavement", supposedly derived from Italians that arrived to North America as immigrants without papers and worked in construction and blue collar work. These acronyms are dismissed as folk etymology or backronyms by etymologists.

= Sardinians

= :; Sardegnolo, sardignòlo, sardignuolo, sardagnòlo : (Italy) often used to refer to the Sardinians by people from mainland Italy and Sicily; depending on the latter's local dialect, the term might also present itself in the form of ''sardignòlo'', ''sardignuolo'', or ''sardagnòlo''.Battaglia, Salvatore (1961). Grande dizionario della lingua italiana, UTET, Torino, V. XVII, p.577 In Italy, Sardinia used to be considered a Penal colony, place of exile and ''sardigna'', by extension, a metonymy for 'place where to dump dead or infected animals'. Being also employed in reference to animals indigenous to the island, and especially to the donkeys to which the Sardinians were often associated in mockery by the Piedmontese rulers, the term might be used in a derogatory fashion to imply some likening to them. :; Sheep shagger : (Italy) used in a variety of Italian renditions by people from mainland Italy and Sicily, to refer to the Sardinians as a people whose men rather engage in bestiality than in sexual intercourse with a fellow human.

Macedonians

Ethnic slurs against Macedonians (ethnic group), Macedonians are often used in an attempt to deny Macedonian nationalism, their self-identification.Moussakas is and remains Greek, not North-Macedonian or FYROMian
Keep Talking Greece. 11 February 2019. :; Macedonist: (Bulgaria) Macedonians. :; Skopjan / Skopjian, Skopiana / Skopianika : (Greece) a term referencing the Skopje, capital of North Macedonia.Laura Payton
MP Karygiannis Accused of Berating Civil Servants
. 26 August 2011. Retrieved 17 July 2012.

Polish

:; Polack, Polack, Polak, Pollack, Pollock, Polock : (US, UK, and Canada) a person of Polish people, Polish descent. :; Pshek : (Russia) a person of Polish descent. :; Anti-Polish sentiment#Anti-Polish stereotypes, Mazurik : (Russia) a person of Polish people, Polish descent. Literally meaning little Masovians, Masovian.

Serbs

Spaniards

:; Coño : (Chile) used in Chile to refer to Spaniards given the perception that Spaniards recurrently use of the vulgar interjection coño ("cunt"). :; Godo : (Chile) Spaniard, in reference to their Visigoths, Goth ancestry

Russians

:; Russki, Russkie: a term for "Russians, Russian" that is sometimes disparaging when used by foreigners. However, in the Russian language, it is a neutral term that simply means an ethnic Russian, as opposed to a citizen of the Russian Federation. :; Moskal : (Ukraine, Belarus, and Poland) muscovite, originally a designation for a resident of the Grand Duchy of Moscow from the 14th-18th centuries. :; Ryssä : (Finland) originally neutral, but today considered offensive. :; Iivana, Vanja : (Finland) from the Russian given name Ivan. :; Slobo : (Finland) probably from Russian wikt:слобода#Russian, слобода ('freedom'), one way or another. :; Tibla : (Estonian) may refer either to Ethnic Russians or the Homo Sovieticus. :; Katsap (:ru:Кацапы, кацап) : (Ukraine) Since 19th century. :; Orc (slang), Orc : (Ukraine) Used since the Russo-Ukrainian War.

Ukrainians

:; Khokhol: (Russia) derived from a term for a traditional Cossack-style haircut. Originally a joke, but today considered offensive. :; Ukrop : literally "dill" (, ) a pun: Ukrainian = ukrop. The slur was used originally by Russians but was Reappropriation, reappropriated by Ukrainians during the War in Donbas and later adopted by the UKROP party.

European ethnicities outside Europe

:; Buckra, Bakra : from Benue–Congo languages, sub-Saharan African languages, used in the U.S. and the West Indies. :; Bumpkin, Country Bumpkin, Hillbilly Bumpkin : poor rural European American people, mainly those who share a rural lifestyle. :;

: European American people, particularly from the

. :; Good ol' boy : Rural people, especially European American, powerful people and their networks. :; Yokel#Origins of "hick", Hick : poor European American people. :; Hillbilly : Usually refers to rural people. It originated as a term for farmers living in The Appalachian Mountains. :;

, honkey, honkie : (US and New Zealand) a European person. Derived from an African American pronunciation of Hunky Culture, ''hunky'', the disparaging term for a Hungarian laborer. The first record of its use as an insulting term for a European-American person dates from the 1950s. In New Zealand, ''honky'' is used by Māori to refer to New Zealanders of European descent. :; Huinca : (Argentina, Chile) Mapuche exonym for European-descent Argentines and Chileans, originally applied to Spaniards. :;

, wood : rural people. In the 1940s, the abbreviated version ''wood'' entered California prison slang, originally meaning an

mainly from the San Joaquin Valley. This has caused the symbol of the woodpecker to be used by white power skinheads and other pro-European groups. :; Redneck : Usually an insult to rural-living people; most commonly, but not exclusively, used on European Americans that live in rural areas. :; Trailer trash : Mainly European American population stereotyped to live in trailer parks. :; White trash : Originally an insult for European American people. :; Whitey : A term for a European American (AKA a "white" person).

North and South American nationalities

North Americans

:; Merkin : Slang for inhabitant of the United States of America. :; Yankee, Yank : Uncontracted, ''Yankee'' remains in use in the Southern United States, American South in reference to Northern United States, Northerners; contracted, ''Yank'' is employed internationally by speakers of British English in a neutral reference to all Americans (first recorded 1778).Harper, Douglas. ''Online Etymology Dictionary'':
Yankee
". 2013. Accessed 13 Jul 2013. The term was first applied by the Dutch colonists of New Amsterdam to Connecticuters and other residents of New England, possibly from Dutch ''Janke'' ('Johnny') or from ''Jan Kees'' ('John Cheese'). :; Seppo and Septic : From Cockney rhyming slang, using the unrhymed word of "septic tank" in reference to "Yank" above. :; Canuck : A person from Canada, especially somebody whose first language is French.

Argentines

:; Argie : Mildly derogatory British term for Argentinian people, popularised in the British press during the Falklands War, Falklands conflict. :; Curepí : A common term used by people from Paraguay for people from Argentina, it means "pig's skin". :; Cuyano : Chilean term for Argentines after the historical Cuyo Province.

Chileans

:; Roto : a Chilean. The term is used with negative conotations in Bolivia and Peru, but in Chile itself it can be seen as positive reference to the ordinary and hardy Chilean. :; Chilote : a Chilean in Argentina

Cubans

:; Cuban nigger : white Cubans, used by Anglo Americans in 1900s Tampa. :; Cubiche : Cubans, used by Spanish speakers. :; Gusano (slur), Gusano : Cuban exiles. The term was coined by Fidel Castro, who called Cubans leaving in the Freedom Flights ''gusanos'' ('worms') and insisted the Cuban exiles were capitalists who had profited during the pre-Castro era. :; Jews of the Caribbean : Cubans living in Puerto Rico were called "Jews" in reference to the economic success of Cubans in Puerto Rico. :; Palestino : Eastern Cubans living in Havana, often with implication that they are black and/or an illegal migrant. The term "Palestino" means "Palestinian" in English. The term refers to the fact that Eastern Cubans are often refused entry into Havana, and those who illegally migrate are compared to Palestinian refugees. :; Tally wop : black Cubans, used by Anglo Americans in 1900s Tampa.

Crossed ethnicities

African-European

:; Coon : (US) first used as by white people, the pejorative term is commonly used by African Americans or Black Americans today towards African/Black Americans who are perceived to pander/kowtow to white people; to be a 'sellout'; to hate themselves; or to "collud with racism for personal gain." Often used against black conservatives or Republicans. (Similar to ''

'' and ''coconut''.) :; Mulatto : (Americas, originally) a term used to refer to a person who is born from one white parent. The term is generally considered archaic by some and inadvertently derogatory, especially in the African American community. The term is widely used in Latin America and Caribbean usually without suggesting any insult. Historically in the American South, the term ''mulatto'' was applied also at times to persons with an admixture of Native Americans, and African Americans in general. In early American history, the term ''mulatto'' was also used to refer to persons of Native American and European ancestry. :; Uncle Tom / Uncle Ruckus : (US) a term, used by American (especially Black) minorities, for African, Latin, or Asian American who are perceived to pander to white people; " to hate themselves;Cooper, Wilbert L. 25 February 2013.
'The Boondocks' Creator Aaron McGruder Tells Us About 'The Uncle Ruckus Movie'
." ''VICE''. or to be a 'sellout'. ''

'' derives from the title character of Harriet Beecher Stowe's ''Uncle Tom's Cabin''. ''Uncle Ruckus'', used as an alternative to ''Uncle Tom'', is the name of a character from a TV series, ''The Boondocks (2005 TV series), The Boondocks'', in which the character satirizes the "Uncle Tom" stereotype. Both terms have been popularly used against black conservatives or Republicans. (Similar to ''coon'' and ''coconut''.) :; Oreo : Africans who practice white culture, Oreo#Use of the word "oreo" as a slur, referring to an oreo cookie: "black on the outside, white on the inside". :; Aunt Jemima / Aunt Jane / Aunt Mary / Aunt Sally / Aunt Thomasina : (US) a term, used by black people, for a black woman who "kisses up" to white people; a "sellout"; a female counterpart of

. (Similar to #Pacific Islander/Latin American/South Asian/African-European, ''Coconut''.) The term is taken from the Aunt Jemima, popular syrup of the same name, wherein the titular Aunt Jemima is represented as a black woman. :; Afro-Saxon : (North America) a young white male devotee of black pop culture. :; Ann, Miss Ann : a term used by black people to either denote a white woman or a black woman who acts too much like a white one. While ''Miss Ann'' (or just plain ''Ann)'' is a derisive reference to the white woman, by extension it is applied to any black woman who puts on airs and tries to act like Miss Ann. :; Wigger, Wigger/Wigga, wegro : a slang term for a white person who Allophilia, allophilically emulates mannerisms, slangs (Ebonics (word), ebonics), and fashions stereotypically associated with urban African Americans; especially in relation to hip hop culture. :; Rhineland Bastard : used in the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany to refer to Afro-Germans, Afro-German children of mixed German and African parentage, who were fathered by Africans serving as French colonial troops occupying the Rhineland after World War I.

African-Native American

:; Mulatto : (Americas, originally) a person who is born from one white parent. The term is generally considered archaic by some and inadvertently derogatory, especially in the African American community. The term is widely used in Latin America and Caribbean usually without suggesting any insult. Historically in the American South, the term mulatto was applied also at times to persons with an admixture of Native Americans, and African Americans in general. In early American history, the term mulatto was also used to refer to persons of Native American and European ancestry. :; Zambo : are racial terms used in the Spanish and Portuguese Empires and occasionally today to identify individuals in the Americas who are of mixed African and Amerindian ancestry (the analogous English term, considered a slur, is sambo). :; Zambo#Population today, Lobos : In Mexico, black Native Americans are known as ''lobos'' (literally meaning wolves), they formed a sizeable minority in the past.

European-Asian/Latin American/Pacific Islander

, or ABCD : (US) a term used for American-born South Asian, such as Indians, Pakistanis, and Bangladeshis, who are confused about their cultural identity. This is often used humorously without any derogatory meaning. :; Banana : (North America, UK, and Malaysia) an East Asian person living in a Western country (e.g. East Asian American) who is "yellow on the outside, white on the inside". Used primarily by East Asian people to indicate someone who has lost touch with the cultural identity of his or her parents. :; Coconut : (US, UK, Australia, and New Zealand) Named for coconuts, which are brown on the outside and white on the inside, the term is used globally for a person of color who adapts to, or is adopted by, European society. This term is used in the United States for a person of Hispanic or South Asian descent, in the United Kingdom for British Asian, British Asian people, and in Australia and New Zealand for a Pacific Islander.

European-Native American

:; Mulatto : (Americas, originally) a term used to refer to a person who is born from one white parent. The term is generally considered archaic by some and inadvertently derogatory, especially in the African American community. The term is widely used in Latin America and Caribbean usually without suggesting any insult. Historically in the American South, the term mulatto was applied also at times to persons with an admixture of Native Americans, and African Americans in general. In early American history, the term mulatto was also used to refer to persons of Native American and European ancestry. :; Apple : (North America) a Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Native American who is "red on the outside, white on the inside". First used in the 1970s, the term is primarily employed by other Native Americans to indicate someone who has lost touch with their cultural identity.

Other ethnic groups

Romani

The Romani people are an Indo-Aryan peoples, Indo-Aryan ethnic group who traditionally lived a nomadic, Itinerant groups in Europe, itinerant lifestyle in Europe but are also found outside Europe in particular in the Middle East and the Americas. :; Gypsy (term), Gypsy, Gyppo, gippo, gypo, gyppie, gyppy, gipp, gyp, gip : Derived from "Egyptian", Egypt being mistakenly considered these people's origin. The name gypsy is embraced by some Romani and rejected by others. :; Cigan, Zigeuner : (Serbia) derives from Athinganoi, Greek for "untouchable", on the belief they were connected to a Manicheanism, Manichean sect. The German equivalent is Zigeuner. The related Russian word цыгане (''tsygane''), however, is used in a neutral manner, but is becoming dated and replaced with the Russian equivalent of Romani.

References

Bibliography

* Adhikari, Mohamed, editor. Burdened by Race: Coloured Identities in Southern Africa. UCT Press, 2013, pp. 69, 124, 203 ISBN 978-1-92051-660-

* * Mathabane, M. (1986). Kaffir Boy: The True Story of a Black Youth's Coming of Age in Apartheid South Africa. Simon & Schuster. (Chapter 2) * Douglass, Joseph H., and Hiley H. Hill. The American Negro and the South African Cape Coloured: A Comparative Study of a Class of Human Phenomena. Association for the Study of African American Life and History. (Vol. 13, No. 7, pp. 147–152) Available at: * Goulding, G. J., & Joshua, F. P. (1953). The South African Way of Life: VI. The Coloured Community. 2019 Columbia University Press. Available at
The South African Way of Life: Values and Ideals of a Multi-Racial Society
* * * * * * South Africa Lexicon 2019. Available at

* *