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Nocera Superiore ( nap, Nucèrë or ) is a town and ''
comune The (; plural: ) is a local administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ('' regioni'') and provinces (''province''). The can also ...
'' in the province of Salerno in the
Campania (man), it, Campana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demog ...
region of south-western
Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
. It was the core of the ancient city of ', later known as ', ' and then ' ( it, Nocera dei Pagani), which also included the nowadays territories of Nocera Inferiore, Pagani and smaller towns. In other respects, its history up until
1851 Events January–March * January 11 – Hong Xiuquan officially begins the Taiping Rebellion. * January 15 – Christian Female College, modern-day Columbia College, receives its charter from the Missouri General Assembly. ...
is held in common with the adjacent Nocera Inferiore: the two towns share a common origin.


Geography

The town is located on the northern ridge of the Monti Lattari, in the Agro Nocerino Sarnese. Its seismic hazard rating puts it in zone 2 (medium hazard level), according to Ordinance PCM n. 3274 of 20 March 2003.


Etymology

According to legend, an Etruscan princess escaped from her hometown for love and came to die in these areas. In her memory, her father erected a city, giving it her name, Nuceria. Another legend tells that a great flood swept away an entire forest leaving a single walnut tree (from the Latin , – Nuceria). The name's origins were uncovered through the study of inscriptions on the city's coins which stated ''Nuvkrinum Alafaternum''. Analysing these two words, linguists have split the terms in this way: The name ''Nuvkrinum Alafaternum'' is derived from ''nuv'' + ''krin-um'' + ''alafatern-um'': ''nuv'' ('new'), ''krin'' ('fortress') of the Alfaterni, an
Italic people The Italic peoples were an ethnolinguistic group identified by their use of Italic languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family. The Italic peoples are descended from the Indo-European speaking peoples who inhabited Italy from at leas ...
of the Agro Nocerino Sarnese.


History


Pre-Roman

Archaeological evidence from the '' necropoli'' shows that at the end of the 7th century BC the native Oscan populations of the valley went to settle towards the sea for mainly strategic reasons, some founding
Pompeii Pompeii (, ) was an ancient city located in what is now the ''comune'' of Pompei near Naples in the Campania region of Italy. Pompeii, along with Herculaneum and many villas in the surrounding area (e.g. at Boscoreale, Stabiae), was burie ...
, others towards the interior, giving life to ''Nuvkrinum''. The city was founded by the union of several scattered villages, colonising a strategic well-defended place guarding a fertile valley and a route between the gulfs of Naples and Salerno. It was centred on the suburb of Pareti. It became an Etruscan settlement and possibly part of the '' dodecapolis'' (the twelve most important cities) of the Etruscan colonisation in Campania to block the Greek expansion towards the north. After the defeat of 474 BC at the Battle of Cumae the Etruscans abandoned the region and Nuvkrinum passed to the Samnites. In the 5th century BC the city changed its name by adding ''Alfaternum'' from the name of the Samnite tribe of the Alfaterni. Around the 6th century BC the
Osci The Osci (also called Oscans, Opici, Opsci, Obsci, Opicans) were an Italic people of Campania and Latium adiectum before and during Roman times. They spoke the Oscan language, also spoken by the Samnites of Southern Italy. Although the languag ...
, an
Italic people The Italic peoples were an ethnolinguistic group identified by their use of Italic languages, a branch of the Indo-European language family. The Italic peoples are descended from the Indo-European speaking peoples who inhabited Italy from at leas ...
of
Campania (man), it, Campana (woman) , population_note = , population_blank1_title = , population_blank1 = , demographics_type1 = , demographics1_footnotes = , demographics1_title1 = , demographics1_info1 = , demog ...
, probably gave rise to the original settlement of Nuceria Alfaterna, located in Nocera Superiore, between the current Pareti and Pucciano districts. This site was chosen due to its favourable geographic position with water sources and a very fertile hinterland protected from winds. It became one of the most important cities of ancient Campania and the capital of a confederation (''Lega nucerina'') which included Pompeii,
Herculaneum Herculaneum (; Neapolitan and it, Ercolano) was an ancient town, located in the modern-day ''comune'' of Ercolano, Campania, Italy. Herculaneum was buried under volcanic ash and pumice in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79. Like the n ...
,
Stabiae Stabiae () was an ancient city situated near the modern town of Castellammare di Stabia and approximately 4.5 km southwest of Pompeii. Like Pompeii, and being only from Mount Vesuvius, this seaside resort was largely buried by tephra as ...
and
Sorrento Sorrento (, ; nap, Surriento ; la, Surrentum) is a town overlooking the Bay of Naples in Southern Italy. A popular tourist destination, Sorrento is located on the Sorrentine Peninsula at the south-eastern terminus of the Circumvesuviana rail ...
. It minted its own money on which the expression ''Nuvkrinum Al(a) faternum'' was engraved using a particular alphabet (Nucerian alphabet) based on the Greek and Etruscan alphabets. Nuceria's first mention in history is in 315 BC when, during the
Second Samnite War The First, Second, and Third Samnite Wars (343–341 BC, 326–304 BC, and 298–290 BC) were fought between the Roman Republic and the Samnites, who lived on a stretch of the Apennine Mountains south of Rome and north of the Lucanian tribe. ...
, it was an ally of the Romans but was persuaded to abandon the alliance and join the Samnite cause. In 310 BC the Romans ravaged the territory of Nuceria but in the end it obtained favourable treatment and entered into an alliance with Rome as a ''
civitas foederata A ''civitas foederata'', meaning "allied state/community", was the most elevated type of autonomous cities and local communities under Roman rule. Each Roman province comprised a number of communities of different status. Alongside Roman colonies o ...
''.


Roman

During the
Second Punic War The Second Punic War (218 to 201 BC) was the second of three wars fought between Carthage and Rome, the two main powers of the western Mediterranean in the 3rd century BC. For 17 years the two states struggled for supremacy, primarily in Ital ...
(218 – 201 BC), the city's defences proved formidable enough that
Hannibal Hannibal (; xpu, 𐤇𐤍𐤁𐤏𐤋, ''Ḥannibaʿl''; 247 – between 183 and 181 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman who commanded the forces of Carthage in their battle against the Roman Republic during the Second Pu ...
reduced the city by starvation because of its loyalty to Rome, rather than by direct attack, though subsequently destroyed it in 216 BC. After the war the defences were rebuilt and strengthened with the addition of towers in . Its territory was ravaged during the Social War (90 BC) and by the troops of
Spartacus Spartacus ( el, Σπάρτακος '; la, Spartacus; c. 103–71 BC) was a Thracian gladiator who, along with Crixus, Gannicus, Castus, and Oenomaus, was one of the escaped slave leaders in the Third Servile War, a major slave uprisin ...
. During the period of the
triumvirate A triumvirate ( la, triumvirātus) or a triarchy is a political institution ruled or dominated by three individuals, known as triumvirs ( la, triumviri). The arrangement can be formal or informal. Though the three leaders in a triumvirate are ...
, the city became a as , but the city proudly kept its origins and Greek was still written and spoken as a sign of cultural distinction. In AD 59, there was a serious riot and bloodshed in the nearby
Pompeii Amphitheatre The Amphitheatre of Pompeii is one of the oldest surviving Roman amphitheatres. It is located in the ancient Roman city of Pompeii, and was buried by the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 AD, that also buried the city of Pompeii and the neighbouring tow ...
between Pompeians and Nucerians (which is recorded in a fresco) and which led the Roman senate to send the Praetorian Guard to restore order and to ban further events for a period of ten years. The earthquake in 62 and the eruption of
Vesuvius Mount Vesuvius ( ; it, Vesuvio ; nap, 'O Vesuvio , also or ; la, Vesuvius , also , or ) is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about east of Naples and a short distance from the shore. It is one of ...
in 79 caused serious damage to the town which never regained its previous prosperity. Nuceria lay on the
via Popillia __NOTOC__ The Via Popilia is the name of two different ancient Roman roads begun in the consulship of Publius Popilius Laenas. One was in southern Italy and the other was in north-eastern Italy. Road in southern Italy The road in southern Italy ...
, the great road linking
Capua Capua ( , ) is a city and ''comune'' in the province of Caserta, in the region of Campania, southern Italy, situated north of Naples, on the northeastern edge of the Campanian plain. History Ancient era The name of Capua comes from the Etrus ...
to southern Italy, as well as on the via Stabiana (towards Stabiae) and the Via Nuceria from Pompeii. At its greatest expansion, Nuceria, famous for the robustness of the town walls, enclosed the current districts of Pareti, San Pietro, Pucciano, Grotti, Portaromana, Santa Maria Maggiore and San Clemente. There are astonishing similarities between the fortifications of Nuceria and
Pompeii Pompeii (, ) was an ancient city located in what is now the ''comune'' of Pompei near Naples in the Campania region of Italy. Pompeii, along with Herculaneum and many villas in the surrounding area (e.g. at Boscoreale, Stabiae), was burie ...
. Nuceria is rectangular with scarps defending the north, west, and east of the city while the southern side had the strongest fortifications as the most vulnerable section and, like Pompeii, featured a
tufa Tufa is a variety of limestone formed when carbonate minerals precipitate out of water in unheated rivers or lakes. Geothermally heated hot springs sometimes produce similar (but less porous) carbonate deposits, which are known as travertin ...
double wall with an agger behind. It was a bishopric as early as the 3rd century AD. The first bishop was Saint Priscus. During the
Gothic War (535–554) The Gothic War between the Eastern Roman Empire during the reign of Emperor Justinian I and the Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy took place from 535 to 554 in the Italian Peninsula, Dalmatia, Sardinia, Sicily and Corsica. It was one of the l ...
, the Byzantines and Goths faced each other a few km away along the banks of the Sarno river for months until the Byzantines won the
Battle of Mons Lactarius The Battle of Mons Lactarius (also known as Battle of the Vesuvius) took place in 552 or 553 AD during the Gothic War waged on behalf of Justinian I against the Ostrogoths in Italy. After the Battle of Taginae, in which the Ostrogoth king ...
. During the 6th century the
Lombards The Lombards () or Langobards ( la, Langobardi) were a Germanic people who ruled most of the Italian Peninsula from 568 to 774. The medieval Lombard historian Paul the Deacon wrote in the ''History of the Lombards'' (written between 787 an ...
, under King
Alboin Alboin (530s – 28 June 572) was king of the Lombards from about 560 until 572. During his reign the Lombards ended their migrations by settling in Italy, the northern part of which Alboin conquered between 569 and 572. He had a lasting eff ...
, forced Nuceria to surrender: they placed it under the supremacy of the
Duchy of Benevento The Duchy of Benevento (after 774, Principality of Benevento) was the southernmost Lombard duchy in the Italian Peninsula that was centred on Benevento, a city in Southern Italy. Lombard dukes ruled Benevento from 571 to 1077, when it was conq ...
.


Gallery

Parcoarcheologiconuceria2.jpg, Part of the Forum in the Archaeological park FontanaRomanaVescovado.jpg, Roman fountain


Post-Roman history

After the mid-9th century the town was part of the
principality of Salerno The Principality of Salerno ( la, Principatus Salerni) was a medieval Southern Italian state, formed in 851 out of the Principality of Benevento after a decade-long civil war. It was centred on the port city of Salerno. Although it owed al ...
first, and then of the
principality of Capua The Principality of Capua ( la, italic=yes, Principatus Capuae or ''Capue'', it, italic=yes, Principato di Capua) was a Lombard state centred on Capua in Southern Italy, usually ''de facto'' independent, but under the varying suzerainty of ...
. Nuceria, located where the future Nocera Inferiore would rise, was besieged by
Roger II of Sicily Roger II ( it, Ruggero II; 22 December 1095 – 26 February 1154) was King of Sicily and Africa, son of Roger I of Sicily and successor to his brother Simon. He began his rule as Count of Sicily in 1105, became Duke of Apulia and Calabria i ...
in the battle in 1132, after four months he razed the town to the ground. After its reconstruction, the birth of the modern Nocera began with many hamlets and villages which gradually expanded and became small towns. During the Angevin dominion (1266–1435) Nocera was rebuilt and took the name of ''Nuceria Christianorum'', then in the XV century was changed in ''
Nuceria Paganorum Nocera Inferiore ( nap, Nucèrä Inferiórë or simply , , locally ) is a town and '' comune'' in the province of Salerno, in Campania in southern Italy. It lies west of Nocera Superiore, at the foot of Monte Albino, some 20 km east-so ...
'' ( it, Nocera dei Pagani). Throughout the Spanish domination Nocera was divided into four municipalities: ''Nocera Soprana'', ''Nocera Sottana'', ''Barbazzano'', ''Sant'Egidio'', each one with its own mayor. Toward the end of the 16th century Nocera was divided into seven municipalities: ''Nocera Corpo'', including the current Nocera Superiore and Nocera Inferiore districts of Piedimonte, Pietraccetta and Borgo; ''Nocera San Matteo'', including the current Nocera Inferiore districts of Merichi and Liporto; ''Nocera Tre Casali'', including the current Nocera Inferiore districts of Capo Casale, Casale Nuovo and Casale del Pozzo; ''Barbazzano'', Pagani, Sant'Egidio and
Corbara Corbara is a town and ''comune'' in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of south-western Italy. Geography The municipality borders with Angri, Lettere Lettere is a '' comune'' (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in t ...
. In 1807 ''
comuni The (; plural: ) is a local administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions ('' regioni'') and provinces (''province''). The can also ...
'' were established. In 1828 the fourteen districts of ''Nocera Corpo'' asked for self-administration which was granted by decree no. 1960 on 11 November 1850, with effect from 1 January 1851. Thus was born the current Nocera Superiore.


Main sights


Theatre

The Hellenistic-Roman Theatre was identified between Pareti and Pucciano and brought to light in the 1970-80s. It was one of the largest in Campania (96 m diameter in the Roman phase). The ''
Scaenae frons The scaenae frons is the elaborately decorated permanent architectural background of a Roman theatre stage. The form may have been intended to resemble the facades of imperial palaces. It could support a permanent roof or awnings. The Roman scaen ...
'' consisted of a wall with three niches (the central one semicircular and the two lateral ones rectangular). The ''pulpitum'', the low front wall that supported the stage made of wooden boards in front of the ''scaenae frons'', was also decorated with alternate semicircular and rectangular niches. The orchestra preserves the remains of a rich pavement in polychrome marble. The ''euripus'', a channel for the drainage of water, flowed around the orchestra. The steps of cavea are still preserved, from which the
tuff Tuff is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption. Following ejection and deposition, the ash is lithified into a solid rock. Rock that contains greater than 75% ash is considered tuff, while rock ...
cladding blocks have been largely removed. In the western parodos there are frescoes in the third Pompeian style. The oinochoe in
bucchero Bucchero () is a class of ceramics produced in central Italy by the region's pre-Roman Etruscan population. This Italian word is derived from the Latin ''poculum'', a drinking-vessel, perhaps through the Spanish ''búcaro'', or the Portuguese ' ...
with the inscription ''Bruties Esum'' in the Nucerino alphabet comes from a burial in the necropolis of the 6th century BC adjacent to the theatre. Built in the 2nd c. BC against the city walls, it was located along the axis of the north-south road in front of the gate called Porta Romana. The theatre used the slope of the ground. The remains of the oldest part made with large rectangular blocks dates to the Samnite era. There was an integral school and gymnasium. The theatre was then restored in the Augustan age which transformed it into Roman form. It was restored after the damage of the earthquake of 62 and the eruption of Vesuvius in 79. Abandoned since the 4th century, it was used as a stone quarry and then progressively buried during the Middle Ages. The cavities in the walls were used as prisons where prisoners were lowered from above, hence this was commonly called the prisons.


Amphitheatre

Parts of the amphitheatre were discovered in 1926 incorporated in more recent houses. The visible structures seem to date from around the middle of the 1st century BC with renovations from the end of the 1st century AD. The name of the district where the buried amphitheatre is called Grotti ('caves') which refers to the vaulted rooms () of the structure discovered in the foundations of the subsequent structures. Through the elliptical form of the road and houses, and after explorations in the cellars of the houses, it was possible to reconstruct the size of the amphitheatre at 125 x 102 m.


City walls

The double-curtain city walls were built in the 2nd century BC and have a thickness of 1.5 m and a height of 5 m while the distance between the two curtains was about 12 m. A section of them with a two towers is preserved in a sports field on via Pucciano. A second tower, known today as Cantina Vecchia, is preserved on the eastern side.


Paleochristian baptistery of Santa Maria Maggiore

It is a 6th-century circular domed structure, of Byzantine style with a double row of 15 columns topped by arches. As the baptistery is usually an annex to the cathedral, the cathedral dedicated to the Virgin Mary probably collapsed. It was built in the centre of the city by removing the previous civil buildings of which some floor mosaics are visible. The baptismal font (the second largest in Italy) in the centre is octagonal on the outside and circular inside, surrounded by eight columns (five originals). The building reuses older materials, both in the thick outer cylinder, and for the columns in Pentelic marble recovered from temple buildings of the 2nd and 3rd centuries. These columns are unequal in shape and height and give the baptistery a lively polychromy. The capitals are also completely different, some taken from the temple of Neptune and adorned with dolphins.


Necropolis of Pizzone

The discovery of the monumental necropolis of Pizzone, in the locality of Taverne, is due to the systematic control of the territory by the Nocera Excavation Office. It lies 800 m outside the eastern city walls, along the Via Popilia. It dates back to the 1st century BC. Excavations from 1994 to 1997 brought to light funerary monuments on the sides of a road cut 3 m deep and almost 10 m wide into the ground. Thus travelers could read the messages written on their graves to address them a prayer or a thought. Inside the funerary enclosures, some individual tombs are marked by ''columellas''. Of the funerary buildings, a tumulus built by the important '' Numisia gens'' (Numisia family) recalls the mausoleum of Augustus in Rome. It is flanked by the Mausoleum of the important ''
Cornelia gens The gens Cornelia was one of the greatest patrician houses at ancient Rome. For more than seven hundred years, from the early decades of the Republic to the third century AD, the Cornelii produced more eminent statesmen and generals than any o ...
'' similar to the monument of Porta Marina in Ostia with the square lower part surmounted by a tholos. A third building with a square plan, of the important ''
Lutatia gens The gens Lutatia, occasionally written Luctatia, was a plebeian family of ancient Rome. The first of the gens to obtain the consulship was Gaius Lutatius Catulus in 242 BC, the final year of the First Punic War. Orosius mentions their burial pla ...
'', is connected to the street below by two scenographic stairs.


Tombs in Piazza del Corso (Nocera Inferiore)

The necropolis was along the road from Nuceria Alfaterna to Stabiae dating from the end of the 2nd century BC to the 5th century AD. The remains of a rustic villa of the 2nd century BC was also found partially obliterated by the church of San Matteo, and a temple was built over it in the Republican age of which the square platform remains. In the 3rd century AD in the precincts of the temple a veteran of the 13th Gemina Legion, possibly converted to Christianity, built his family tomb. The church of San Matteo suggests the presence of a bridge as sources refer to San Matteo de Archiponticulo (literally 'to the old bridge'). There were usually small places of worship near bridges and the road crossed a stream where votive offerings would be thrown under the bridge in homage to the divinity Janus (two-faced) who has been linked with the construction of the church dedicated to San Matteo, according to popular tradition the "saint with two faces".


Necropolis of Pareti

The most important necropolis was south of the city at the foot of Mount Albino in the locality of Pareti. Tombs were often in tuff from Fiano or in limestone from Monte Albino. Painted or bronze vases were found in these tombs and various objects of iron, lead, and other metals. In the 1950s more archaeological excavations brought to light more than a hundred burials of the sixth and fifth centuries BC and others from the Samnite period, i.e. from the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. Etruscan amphorae also testified to the city's contacts. Albore Livadie, C., La situazione in Campania, a cura di Cristofani M., Il commercio etrusco arcaico, Atti dell’incontro di studio 5-7 dicembre 1983, 1985, pp. 127-135.


Necropolis of San Clemente

The necropolis of San Clemente is a complex of burials mainly from the early and late imperial eras (1st and 4–5th centuries). There are also very interesting finds belonging to an older Hellenistic phase. In those of the late imperial age, one tomb has inscriptions in Greek regarding a local Jewish community whose very existence would otherwise be unknown. One Hellenistic tomb found in 1993 contained an inscription on the myth of
Dionysus In ancient Greek religion and Greek mythology, myth, Dionysus (; grc, wikt:Διόνυσος, Διόνυσος ) is the god of the grape-harvest, winemaking, orchards and fruit, vegetation, fertility, insanity, ritual madness, religious ecstas ...
and the Tyrrhenian pirates, known from the Homeric Hymns and celebrated in the famous kylix of Exekias. It is of considerable interest due to its connection with the foundation of Nuceria which some traditions attribute to the Tirsenoi.


Other sights

*Thermal baths: recent excavations have revealed part of the central thermal baths near the theatre. *Parish Church of St.
Bartholomew the Apostle Bartholomew (Aramaic: ; grc, Βαρθολομαῖος, translit=Bartholomaîos; la, Bartholomaeus; arm, Բարթողիմէոս; cop, ⲃⲁⲣⲑⲟⲗⲟⲙⲉⲟⲥ; he, בר-תולמי, translit=bar-Tôlmay; ar, بَرثُولَماو� ...
in Pareti *Materdomini Basilica Shrine *Parish Church of Mary Most Holy of Costantinopoli in Pecorari *Church and Convent of Saint Mary of the Angels *Medieval street in Uscioli


Coat of arms

The city's emblem is the same of the old Nocera dei Pagani. It has been recognised by decree of the President of the Republic on 6 April 1987 and has the following description: The town's standard is described as follows:


Culture


Traditions and folklore

*Solemn celebrations in honour of the city's Patron, St. Ciro (31 January, Pareti) *'' 'A Trasuta 'e San Ciro'' Festival and ''Salata di San Ciro'' National Contest (June, Pareti) *International Contest of Madonnari, St.
Paschal Baylon Paschal is used as a name. Paschal, a variant of Pascal, from Latin ''Paschalis'', is an adjective describing either the Easter or Passover holidays. People known as Paschal include: Popes and religious figures * Antipope Paschal (687), a riv ...
and Mary Most Holy of Costantinopoli's Festival (May, Pecorari): street artists from all over the world called ''madonnari'' make religious drawings on the ground of the streets by using just chalks. *St. Mary's Festival (also called ''Festa dell'Assunta'', 14 and 15 August, Materdomini). During the summer of 1401 a peasant, hereinafter called ''Caramari'' (which means 'dear to Mary'), had a vision: the Virgin Mary suggested that she dig under the oak where she was sleeping in order to find one of her icons. That was how a painted wooden board of the Blessed Virgin Mary, in Byzantine style, came to light. During the night between 14 and 15 August many devotees go to the Shrine of Materdomini in order to obtain full indulgence. In the square in front of the shrine popular dances are accompanied by ''tammorre'' (tambourine), ''scetavajasse'' (a sort of tambourine played with a rod equipped with disks made of tin), and ''triccheballacche'' (a musical instrument consisting of three wooden hammers, one central unmovable hammer and two movable side hammers, equipped on the outside with disks made of tin). During this festival citizens eat the ''palatella câ 'mbupota 'e alice'', a type of bread filled with aubergines marinated in vinegar and anchovies. *Way of the Cross' sacred representation (Good Friday, Pizzone's excavations and Pecorari) *Way of the Cross in Casa Milite's mountain village (Friday before Palm Sunday) *Procession of the Mysteries (Good Friday, Pucciano, Pareti and S.Clemente's streets) *Living nativity scene (Christmas period, Uscioli) *Christmas Village and Christmas Market (13 and 14 December, Pecorari) *St.
Anthony of Padua Anthony of Padua ( it, Antonio di Padova) or Anthony of Lisbon ( pt, António/Antônio de Lisboa; born Fernando Martins de Bulhões; 15 August 1195 – 13 June 1231) was a Portuguese Catholic priest and friar of the Franciscan Order. He was bo ...
's Festival (June, Camerelle) *Majo's Festival (May Day, Materdomini), documented from 1758: during a procession Nocera Superiore and Roccapiemonte's mayors along with the Confraternity of the Most Holy Rosary's prior bring the ''majo'' (three adorned little trees) to the Madonna of Materdomini in order to propitiate good crops.


Languages and dialects

Nocera's dialect, called ''nocerese'', corresponds to the
Neapolitan language , altname = , states = Italy , region = Abruzzo, Apulia, Basilicata, Calabria, Campania, Lazio, Marche, Molise , ethnicity = ''Mezzogiorno'' Ethnic Italians , speakers = 5.7 million , date ...
with small variations: the "e" vowel is always pronounced as an open one and sometimes there is a tendency to replace the gerund suffix ''-anne'' with ''-enne'': ''stann' aspettenne'', ''stann' magnenne'' ('they're waiting', 'they're eating').


Education


Libraries

*Municipal Library of S. Clemente *Library of Parish of Mary Most Holy of Costantinopoli (Pecorari) *Library of the Convent of Saint Mary of the Angels (Grotti)


Trivia

*In October 1964 the King
Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden Gustav, Gustaf or Gustave may refer to: * Gustav (name), a male given name of Old Swedish origin Art, entertainment, and media * ''Primeval'' (film), a 2007 American horror film * ''Gustav'' (film series), a Hungarian series of animated short car ...
, great archeology enthusiast, along with his wife
Louise Mountbatten Louise Alexandra Marie Irene Mountbatten (born Princess Louise of Battenberg; 13 July 1889 – 7 March 1965) was Queen of Sweden from 29 October 1950 until her death in 1965 as the wife of King Gustaf VI Adolf. Born a princess of the German ...
visited Nocera Superiore's baptistery accompanied by the parish priest of Santa Maria Maggiore. *The Danish author
Hans Christian Andersen Hans Christian Andersen ( , ; 2 April 1805 – 4 August 1875) was a Danish author. Although a prolific writer of plays, travelogues, novels, and poems, he is best remembered for his literary fairy tales. Andersen's fairy tales, consist ...
visited the baptistery during the year 1834.


See also

*
Old Italic alphabet The Old Italic scripts are a family of similar ancient writing systems used in the Italian Peninsula between about 700 and 100 BC, for various languages spoken in that time and place. The most notable member is the Etruscan alphabet, which ...


References

{{Authority control Cities and towns in Campania