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The Nobel family ( , ) is a prominent
Swedish Swedish or ' may refer to: Anything from or related to Sweden, a country in Northern Europe. Or, specifically: * Swedish language, a North Germanic language spoken primarily in Sweden and Finland ** Swedish alphabet, the official alphabet used by ...
and Russian family closely related to the history both of
Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic countries, Nordic c ...
and of
Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...
in the 19th and 20th centuries. Its legacy includes its outstanding contributions to philanthropy and to the development of the
armament A weapon, arm or armament is any implement or device that can be used to deter, threaten, inflict physical damage, harm, or kill. Weapons are used to increase the efficacy and efficiency of activities such as hunting, crime, law enforcement, s ...
industry and of the
oil industry The petroleum industry, also known as the oil industry or the oil patch, includes the global processes of exploration, extraction, refining, transportation (often by oil tankers and pipelines), and marketing of petroleum products. The larges ...
. Some of its foremost members are Immanuel Nobel, the younger, engineer developer of underwater
naval mines A naval mine is a self-contained explosive device placed in water to damage or destroy surface ships or submarines. Unlike depth charges, mines are deposited and left to wait until they are triggered by the approach of, or contact with, any v ...
and inventor of the rotary lathe used to produce plywood,
Ludvig Nobel Ludvig Immanuel Nobel ( ; russian: Лю́двиг Эммануи́лович Нобе́ль, Ljúdvig Emmanuílovich Nobél’; sv, Ludvig Emmanuel Nobel ; 27 July 1831 – 12 April 1888) was a Swedish-Russian engineer, a noted businessman and a ...
, the founder of
Branobel The Petroleum Production Company Nobel Brothers, Limited, or Branobel (short for братьев Нобель "brat'yev Nobel" — "Nobel Brothers" in Russian), was an oil company set up by Ludvig Nobel and Baron Peter von Bilderling. It operated ...
and one of the richest and most important men in Russia at his time, and
Alfred Nobel Alfred Bernhard Nobel ( , ; 21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist. He is best known for having bequeathed his fortune to establish the Nobel Prize, though he al ...
, the inventor of
dynamite Dynamite is an explosive made of nitroglycerin, sorbents (such as powdered shells or clay), and stabilizers. It was invented by the Swedish chemist and engineer Alfred Nobel in Geesthacht, Northern Germany, and patented in 1867. It rapidl ...
who left the major part of his estate to the creation of the
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...
s.


Origins

The Nobel family originated from the village of Östra Nöbbelöv in
Scania Scania, also known by its native name of Skåne (, ), is the southernmost of the historical provinces (''landskap'') of Sweden. Located in the south tip of the geographical region of Götaland, the province is roughly conterminous with Skån ...
, hence the name. The first member was Petrus Olai Nobelius (1655–1707) who married Wendela Rudbeck (1668–1710), daughter of the famous Swedish scientist
Olaus Rudbeck Olaus Rudbeck (also known as Olof Rudbeck the Elder, to distinguish him from his son, and occasionally with the surname Latinized as ''Olaus Rudbeckius'') (13 September 1630 – 12 December 1702) was a Swedish scientist and writer, professor o ...
the Elder, also known as Olof Rudbeck.


Achievements

Members of the Nobel family are known not only for their interest in art but also for their inventive ability, which is sometimes referred to as a ''Rudbeckian'' trait, inherited from their ancestor
Olaus Rudbeck Olaus Rudbeck (also known as Olof Rudbeck the Elder, to distinguish him from his son, and occasionally with the surname Latinized as ''Olaus Rudbeckius'') (13 September 1630 – 12 December 1702) was a Swedish scientist and writer, professor o ...
, the elder. Immanuel Nobel pioneered the development of underwater mines, designed some of the first
steam engine A steam engine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid. The steam engine uses the force produced by steam pressure to push a piston back and forth inside a cylinder. This pushing force can be ...
s to power Russian ships, installed the first central heating systems in Russian homes and was the first to develop modern
plywood Plywood is a material manufactured from thin layers or "plies" of wood veneer that are glued together with adjacent layers having their wood grain rotated up to 90 degrees to one another. It is an engineered wood from the family of manufactured ...
(cut with a rotary lathe). One of his sons, Ludvig Nobel, was the founder of The Machine-Building Factory Ludvig Nobel, a great armaments concern and the inventor of the Nobel wheel. Ludvig was also the founder of
Branobel The Petroleum Production Company Nobel Brothers, Limited, or Branobel (short for братьев Нобель "brat'yev Nobel" — "Nobel Brothers" in Russian), was an oil company set up by Ludvig Nobel and Baron Peter von Bilderling. It operated ...
, the foremost Russian oil industry of its time, and launched the world's first diesel-driven
tug A tugboat or tug is a marine vessel that manoeuvres other vessels by pushing or pulling them, with direct contact or a tow line. These boats typically tug ships in circumstances where they cannot or should not move under their own power, suc ...
s and tankers, besides building the first European pipeline.
Alfred Nobel Alfred Bernhard Nobel ( , ; 21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist. He is best known for having bequeathed his fortune to establish the Nobel Prize, though he al ...
, who died childless, was the inventor of
dynamite Dynamite is an explosive made of nitroglycerin, sorbents (such as powdered shells or clay), and stabilizers. It was invented by the Swedish chemist and engineer Alfred Nobel in Geesthacht, Northern Germany, and patented in 1867. It rapidl ...
and the founder of the
Nobel Prizes The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfre ...
, to the creation of which he left the bulk of his estate. The Nobel family have created several societies, including the Nobel Family Society, a private society of which only the descendants of Immanuel Nobel, the younger, are eligible as members, the
Nobel Foundation The Nobel Foundation ( sv, Nobelstiftelsen) is a private institution founded on 29 June 1900 to manage the finances and administration of the Nobel Prizes. The foundation is based on the last will of Alfred Nobel, the inventor of dynamite. I ...
, a private society administering the prizes of Alfred Nobel, and the
Nobel Charitable Trust The Nobel Sustainability Trust (NST) is a charity set up by some members of the Swedish Nobel family, i.e. descendants of Ludvig Nobel Ludvig Immanuel Nobel ( ; russian: Лю́двиг Эммануи́лович Нобе́ль, Ljúdvig Emmanu� ...
. Notably, the Director of the Nobel Foundation, Michael Sohlman, and the elected head of the Nobel family disapproves of the institution of the Nobel Charitable Trust (NCT) The Nobel family is also represented in the Nobel Prizes Award Ceremony, held in
Stockholm Stockholm () is the capital and largest city of Sweden as well as the largest urban area in Scandinavia. Approximately 980,000 people live in the municipality, with 1.6 million in the urban area, and 2.4 million in the metropo ...
every year. In 2007, the Nobel family archives kept in the Archives of
Lund Lund (, , ) is a city in the southern Swedish province of Scania, across the Öresund strait from Copenhagen. The town had 91,940 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 121,510 . It is the seat of Lund Municipality, Scania County. The Öre ...
were inscribed in
UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international coope ...
's
Memory of the World Register Memory is the faculty of the mind by which data or information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed. It is the retention of information over time for the purpose of influencing future action. If past events could not be remembere ...
.


Members

*Olof Nobelius (1706–1760), artist, (m.1750) Ana Christina Wallin (1718–1787) **Immanuel Nobel, the Elder (1757–1839), physician, (m.1st.) Anna Kristina Rosell (1760–1795), (m.2nd.) Brita Catharina Ahlberg(1770–1823) *** Immanuel Nobel, the Younger (1801–1872), (m.1827) Andriette Ahlsell (1803–1889)Åsbrink, Brita (2001): Ludvig Nobel: "Petroleum har en lysande framtid!" Wahlström & Widstrand, p. 19.


Descendants of Immanuel, the younger, and Andriette Nobel

*
Robert Nobel Robert Hjalmar Nobel ( , ; 4 August 1829 – 7 August 1896) was a Swedish businessman, industrialist and investor. He was the founder of Branobel, and a pioneer in the Russian oil industry. Biography Robert Nobel was born in Maria Magdalena pa ...
(1829–1896), pioneer of the Russian oil industry, m.1860 Pauline Lenngrén (1840–1918) *
Ludvig Nobel Ludvig Immanuel Nobel ( ; russian: Лю́двиг Эммануи́лович Нобе́ль, Ljúdvig Emmanuílovich Nobél’; sv, Ludvig Emmanuel Nobel ; 27 July 1831 – 12 April 1888) was a Swedish-Russian engineer, a noted businessman and a ...
(1831–1888), founder of Branobel and its first president, m.1st 1858 Mina Ahlsell (1832–1869), m. 2nd 1871 Edla Constantia Collin (1848–1921) *
Alfred Nobel Alfred Bernhard Nobel ( , ; 21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist. He is best known for having bequeathed his fortune to establish the Nobel Prize, though he al ...
(1833–1896), the inventor of dynamite, instituted the Nobel Prizes *
Emil Oskar Nobel Emil Oskar Nobel ( , ; a.k.a. Oscar; 29 October 1843 – 3 September 1864) was a member of the Nobel family. Biography Emil Nobel was born in Saint Petersburg, Russia. He was the youngest son of Immanuel Nobel (1801–1872) and Karolina Andr ...
(1843–1864)


Descendants of Robert and Pauline Nobel

*Hjalmar Immanuel Nobel (1863–1956), m.1923 Countess Anna Sofia Posse (1895–1975) *Ingeborg Sofia Nobel (1865–1939), m.1894 Count Carl von Frischen Ridderstolpe (1864–1905) *Ludvig Emanuel Nobel (1868–1946), m.1895 Valborg Wettergrund (1869–1940) *Tyra Elisabeth Nobel (1873–1897)


Descendants of Ludvig and Mina Nobel

* Emanuel Nobel (1859–1932), Branobel's second president *Carl Nobel (1862–1893), m. Mary Landzert (1865–1928) **Andriette Nobel-Tydén (1890–1976), m. 1912 Eberhard Tydén (1885–1968) ***Birgit Maria Andriette Tydén (1913–2002) ***Carl Eberhard Tydén (1916–2012) ***Karl Göran Eugene Tydén (1918–1996) **Mimmi Nobel-Högman (1891–1938), m. 1st 1914 Gustav Högman (1888–1947) ***Ulla Mary Elisabeth (b. 1916), m. 1939 Baron Sigvard Gustaf Beck-Friis (b. 1913) ****Baroness Christina Mary Cecilia (b. 1943), m. 1968 (div. 1981) Jean-Claude Andre (b. 1945) *****Alexandra Andre (b. 1970) ****Baron Joachim Beck-Friis (b. 1946) ****Baroness Elisabeth Ulla Alice (b. 1950), m. 1986 Baron Erik Ottoson Thott (b. 1954) ***Karl Gösta Bertie Högman (1918–1994), m. 1953 Chris Lundquist (1930–2011) ****Karl Gösta Jack Högman (b. 1954), m. 1984 Susanne Rosén (b. 1957) *****Mimmi Birgitta Ellinor Högman-Nobel (b. 1991) ****Anna Mary Gill Högman-Granath (b. 1962), m. 1990 Ingemar Granath ***Tom Åke Emanuel Högman (1922–1991) *Anna Nobel Nobel-Sjögren (1866–1935)


Descendants of Ludvig and Edla Nobel

*Esther Wilhelmina (Mina) Nobel-Olsen (1873–1929) **Alf Igor Nobel (1898–1968, ''
A birth name is the name of a person given upon birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name, or the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a birth certificate or birth reg ...
'' Olsen), m. 1921 Esther Mathilda Johnsen (1898–1978) ***Hans Emanuel Nobel (b. 1922) ***Edla (Lisle) Nobel-
Nordenfelt The Nordenfelt gun was a multiple-barrel organ gun that had a row of up to twelve barrels. It was fired by pulling a lever back and forth and ammunition was gravity fed through chutes for each barrel. It was produced in a number of different c ...
(b. 1923) ***
Claes Nobel Claes Nobel ( , ; July 20, 1930 – April 28, 2021) was the founder of the National Society of High School Scholars. Biography Nobel was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, on July 20, 1930. His parents were Alf and Esther Nobel. Nobel was the ...
(1930–2021) **Edla Nobel (1899–1996, ''
née A birth name is the name of a person given upon birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name, or the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a birth certificate or birth re ...
'' Olsen), m. 1st 1920 Roger Daudy (1889–1933), m. 2nd 1934 Count Médéric Claret de Fleurieu (1893–1968) ***Irline Aglaé Marie Nadine Claret de Fleurieu (b. 1935), m. 1956 Count Henri Lombard de Buffières de Rambuteau (1925–1991) ****Jean-Marie de Buffières de Rambuteau (b. 1957) ****Marie Edla de Buffières de Rambuteau (b. 1958) ****Claude de Buffières de Rambuteau (b. 1959), m. 1991 Diane Claret de Fleurieu (b. 1961) *****Astrid de Buffières de Rambuteau (b. 1991) *****Mathilde de Buffières de Rambuteau (b. 1993) *****Cécile de Buffières de Rambuteau (b. 1995) ****Philibert de Buffières de Rambuteau (b. 1966) ****Charles de Buffières de Rambuteau (b. 1968) ***Count Patrick Camille Alfred Claret de Fleurieu (b. 1938), m. 1967 Anne Viguier (b. 1941) ****Sylvie Claret de Fleurieu (b. 1968) ****Médéric Claret de Fleurieu (b. 1969) ****Sabine Claret de Fleurieu (b. 1971) **Leif Jurij Nobel (1901–1938, ''
A birth name is the name of a person given upon birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name, or the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a birth certificate or birth reg ...
'' Olsen) (m.1930), m. Anna Elisabeth Mellén (1905–2003) ***
Peter Nobel Peter may refer to: People * List of people named Peter, a list of people and fictional characters with the given name * Peter (given name) ** Saint Peter (died 60s), apostle of Jesus, leader of the early Christian Church * Peter (surname), a sur ...
(b. 1931) ***Eva Nobel (b. 1935) *Ludvig Alfred (Lullu) Nobel (1874–1935), m. 1901 Mary (Minnie) Johnson (1876–1953) **Mary Lorna Nobel (1902–1911) **Ludvig Manuel Nobel (1904–1911) **Emanuel Percy Ludvig Alexis Nobel (1913–1987) ***Philip Nobel (1970-2016) (m.2007) Chantal Cordilhac (b. 1962) ****Chloé Nobel (b. 2007) *Ingrid Hildegard Nobel-Ahlqvist (1879–1929) *
Marta Helena Nobel-Oleinikoff Marta Helena Nobel-Oleinikoff (Russian: Марта Людвиговна Нобель-Олейникова), née Marta Helena Nobel (9 October 1881, Saint Petersburg – 1973, Stockholm), was a Russian-Swedish physician and philanthropist and memb ...
(1881–1973), m. 1905 Georgij Pavlovitj Oleinikoff (1864–1937) **Nils Nobel-Oleinikoff (1905–1990, ''né'' Oleinikoff), last President of
Branobel The Petroleum Production Company Nobel Brothers, Limited, or Branobel (short for братьев Нобель "brat'yev Nobel" — "Nobel Brothers" in Russian), was an oil company set up by Ludvig Nobel and Baron Peter von Bilderling. It operated ...
, m. 1st 1933 Herta Frieda ter Meer (1911–1939), m. 2nd 1943 Dora Ahlqvist (1906–1985) ***Peter Nobel-Oleinikoff (b. 1937), m. 1998 Anna von Holstein (b. 1943) ***Nils Nobel-Oleinikoff (b. 1944), m. 1968 Monique de Lamare-Singery (1947–1995) ****Christianne Nobel-Oleinikoff (b. 1970), m. 2006 Bruno Ferraz-Coutinho (b. 1972) **Sven Nobel-Oleinikoff (''né'' Oleinikoff) ***
Michael Nobel Michael Nobel ( , ; born 1940) is a Swedish entrepreneur of Russian origin. He is a member of the Nobel family, a descendant of Ludvig Nobel, a former chairman of the Nobel Family Society (1995–2006), a co-founder and chairman of the Nobel S ...
(-Oleinikoff) *Rolf Nobel (1882–1947) *Emil Waldemar Ludvig Nobel (1885–1951) *Gustaf Oscar Ludvig (Gösta) Nobel (1886–1951)


See also

*
Nobel Charitable Trust The Nobel Sustainability Trust (NST) is a charity set up by some members of the Swedish Nobel family, i.e. descendants of Ludvig Nobel Ludvig Immanuel Nobel ( ; russian: Лю́двиг Эммануи́лович Нобе́ль, Ljúdvig Emmanu� ...
*
Nobel Ice (Fabergé egg) The Nobel Ice Egg ( ), sometimes also referred to as the Snowflake egg, is a jewelled Fabergé egg made under the supervision of the Russian jeweller Peter Carl Fabergé for the Swedish-Russian oil baron and industrialist Emanuel Nobel between 19 ...
*
Nobelite Nobelite was the common designation of the tens of thousands of employees of the companies owned by the Nobel family in Russia during the 19th century and until the Russian Revolution, such as Branobel and the Machine-Building Factory Ludvig Nobel. ...


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nobel Family Business families of Sweden Swedish expatriates in Russia