Necessitative mood
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The necessitative mood (
abbreviated An abbreviation (from Latin ''brevis'', meaning ''short'') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method. It may consist of a group of letters or words taken from the full version of the word or phrase; for example, the word ''abbrevia ...
) is a grammatical mood found in Turkish and
Armenian Armenian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia * Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent ** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...
, which combines elements of both the
cohortative In linguistics, hortative modalities (; abbreviated ) are verbal expressions used by the speaker to encourage or discourage an action. Different hortatives can be used to express greater or lesser intensity, or the speaker's attitude, for or a ...
(which is typically used in only the first person) and the jussive moods (which is typically only used in the first and third persons). It expresses plea, insistence, imploring, self-encouragement, wish, desire, intent, command, purpose or consequence. Examples of the necessitative in Turkish: : Turkish: ''Bakmalıyım'' (I must look); ''bakmamalısınız'' (you (pl). should not look); ''gitmeliyiz'' (we have to go/we need to go) Both
Eastern Eastern may refer to: Transportation *China Eastern Airlines, a current Chinese airline based in Shanghai *Eastern Air, former name of Zambia Skyways *Eastern Air Lines, a defunct American airline that operated from 1926 to 1991 *Eastern Air Li ...
and
Western Armenian Western Armenian ( Classical spelling: , ) is one of the two standardized forms of Modern Armenian, the other being Eastern Armenian. It is based mainly on the Istanbul Armenian dialect, as opposed to Eastern Armenian, which is mainly base ...
have a past and a non-past necessitative. Eastern Armenian forms its necessitative by adding the particle պիտի ''piti'' before the optative forms, while Western Armenian forms its necessitative with the ''lu'' future participle plus the forms of ''әllal'' (to be). The Eastern particle ''piti'' is orthographically identical to the Western particle ''bidi'', which is used to form the future indicative and conditional. In turn, the Western necessitative forms correspond to Eastern future indicative and future perfect.


References

Grammatical moods {{Ling-morph-stub