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''Nannippus'' is an extinct
genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial no ...
of three-toed
horse The horse (''Equus ferus caballus'') is a domesticated, one-toed, hoofed mammal. It belongs to the taxonomic family Equidae and is one of two extant subspecies of ''Equus ferus''. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million ...
endemic to
North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the C ...
during the
Miocene The Miocene ( ) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words (', "less") and (', "new") and means "less recent ...
through
Pleistocene The Pleistocene ( , often referred to as the '' Ice age'') is the geological epoch that lasted from about 2,580,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the Earth's most recent period of repeated glaciations. Before a change was finally confirmed i ...

about 13.3—1.8 million years ago (Mya), living around 11.5 million years. This ancient species of three-toed horse grew up to 3.5 feet (1.09 meters) and weighed between 165 pounds to 199 pounds, which was around the same size as a Sheep, domestic sheep
. ''Nannippus'' lived as far south as central Mexico (''N. peninsulatus'') to as far north as Canada (''N. lenticularis''), to California in the west, and North Carolina (''N. lenticularis'') and Florida (''N. peninsulatus'') in the east. Unlike its relatives, ''Nannippus'', as well as all other three-toed horses endemic to North America, were browsers and mixed feeders that had diets consisting of C3 plants.


Species

*''N. aztecus'' Mooser, 1968. Widespread in Florida and also found in Texas, Oklahoma, and Chihuahua, became extinct 11.2—5.7 Mya. *''N. beckensis'' Dalquest and Donovan, 1973 found in
Texas Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...
only and became extinct about 3.4 Mya. *''N. lenticularis'' (Cope, 1893) was found in
Alberta, Canada Alberta ( ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is part of Western Canada and is one of the three prairie provinces. Alberta is bordered by British Columbia to the west, Saskatchewan to the east, the Northwest Terri ...
, Texas, North Carolina,
Alabama (We dare defend our rights) , anthem = " Alabama" , image_map = Alabama in United States.svg , seat = Montgomery , LargestCity = Huntsville , LargestCounty = Baldwin County , LargestMetro = Greater Birmingham , area_total_km2 = 135,76 ...
,
Nebraska Nebraska () is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by South Dakota to the north; Iowa to the east and Missouri to the southeast, both across the Missouri River; Kansas to the south; Colorado to the sout ...
, and
Kansas Kansas () is a state in the Midwestern United States. Its capital is Topeka, and its largest city is Wichita. Kansas is a landlocked state bordered by Nebraska to the north; Missouri to the east; Oklahoma to the south; and Colorado to ...
, becoming extinct about 13 Mya. *''N. minor'' (Sellards, 1916) lived in Georgia during the Pliocene. *''N. montezumae'' (Leidy, 1882) *''N. morgani'' Hulbert, 1993 is restricted to Florida and appears to have become extinct about 8.6 Mya. *''N. peninsulatus'' (Cope, 1893) was found in Florida, Texas,
Oklahoma Oklahoma (; Choctaw: ; chr, ᎣᎧᎳᎰᎹ, ''Okalahoma'' ) is a state in the South Central region of the United States, bordered by Texas on the south and west, Kansas on the north, Missouri on the northeast, Arkansas on the east, New ...
,
New Mexico ) , population_demonym = New Mexican ( es, Neomexicano, Neomejicano, Nuevo Mexicano) , seat = Santa Fe , LargestCity = Albuquerque , LargestMetro = Tiguex , OfficialLang = None , Languages = English, Spanish ( New Mexican), Navajo, ...
, Arizona, and Mexico, becoming extinct about 3.3 Mya. *''N. parvulus'' (Marsh, 1868) *''N. westoni'' Simpson, 1930 is restricted to FloridaG. G. Simpson. 1930. ''Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History'' 59(3) and became extinct about 9.1—8.7 Mya.


References


Paleobiology database: ''Nannippus''
Miocene horses Miocene odd-toed ungulates Pliocene horses Miocene mammals of North America Pliocene mammals of North America Prehistoric placental genera {{paleo-oddtoedungulate-stub