The Najd Expedition ( tr, Nejd Seferi) was a series of military conflicts waged by
Egypt on behalf of the
Ottoman Empire from 1817–1818. It was part of the
Ottoman–Saudi War
The Ottoman-Saudi War ( ar, الحرب العثمانية-السعودية, translit=al-ḥarb al-ʿUthmānīyah-al-Saʿūdīyah, ) also known as the Ottoman/Egyptian-Saudi War (1811–1818) was fought from early 1811 to 1818, between the Ot ...
that lasted from 1811 to 1818. The campaign of 1817/8 was led by
Ibrahim Pasha, with the goal of capturing
Diriyah and to end the
First Saudi State by the order of the Ottoman sultan
Mahmud II.
About 30,000 soldiers started from
Hnakiyah to the west of
Medina, having captured the village of Mawiyah in November 1817, then
Al-Rass,
Al-Khabra,
Unaizah
Unaizah ( ar, عنيزة ) or officially The Governorate of Unaizah (also spelled Onaizah, Onizah, or Unayzah; ar, محافظة عنيزة ) is a Saudi Arabian city in the Al Qassim Province. It lies south of the province capital Buraydah and ...
, and
Buraidah
Buraidah ( ar, بريدة ') is the capital and largest city of Al-Qassim Region in north-central Saudi Arabia in the heart of the Arabian Peninsula. Buraydah lies equidistant from the Red Sea to the west and Persian Gulf to the east. Its known fo ...
in December 1817, they reached
Dir'iyyah
Diriyah ( ar, الدِرْعِيّة), formerly romanized as Dereyeh and Dariyya), is a town in Saudi Arabia located on the north-western outskirts of the Saudi capital, Riyadh. Diriyah was the original home of the Saudi royal family, and served ...
in April 1818. After a
siege of several months,
Abdullah bin Saud
Abdullah bin Saud Al Saud ( ar, عبد الله بن سعود آل سعود, ʿAbd Allāh bin Suʿūd Āl Suʿūd; died May 1819) was the ruler of the First Saudi State from 1814 to 1818. He was the last ruler of the First Saudi State and was exe ...
finally surrendered on September 9, 1818.
Then, a puppet state, the
Mu'ammarid Imamate
The Mu'ammarid Imamate, also referred to as ibn Muammar's Imamate or Imamate of Diriyah, was a short-lived emirate created after the fall of the first Saudi state. It was based around the city of Diriyah and was briefly a vassal of Muhammad Ali ...
was set up by the Egyptians on the regions, but was ultimately reconquered by the Saudis a few years after.
See also
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Najd
Najd ( ar, نَجْدٌ, ), or the Nejd, forms the geographic center of Saudi Arabia, accounting for about a third of the country's modern population and, since the Emirate of Diriyah, acting as the base for all unification campaigns by the H ...
*
Hadith of Najd
References
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{{Coord missing, Saudi Arabia
History of Nejd
Battles of the Wahhabi War
Conflicts in 1817
Conflicts in 1818
1817 in Asia
1818 in Asia
1817 in Egypt
1818 in Egypt
Najd
Battles involving the Ottoman Empire
Battles involving Saudi Arabia