The National Nuclear Risk Reduction Center (Russian: НЦУЯО, Национальный центр по уменьшению ядерной опасности) is part of the

Russia Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. It is the list of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the world, and extends across Time in Russia, eleven time zones, sharing Borders ...

Ministry of Defense A ministry of defence or defense (see spelling differences), also known as a department of defence or defense, is the part of a government responsible for matters of defence and military forces, found in states where the government is divided ...

, and known also as ''The Directorate for Control of Agreements' Implementation'' (In Russian: ''Управление Министерства обороны Российской Федерации по контролю за выполнением договоров''). It has counterpart in Washington D.C. in the

United States Department of State The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy of the United State ...

. The main task is the organization of work on the implementation of agreements in the field of Arms reduction and implementation of all the international agreements which were signed by the Russian Ministry of Defence. Sergei Ryzhkov is the current head of the Directorate.

History

On September 15, 1987, an agreement between the USA and USSR was signed for the establishment of National Centers for nuclear risk reduction in Moscow and Washington. Thus, On December 14, 1987 the

Government of the Soviet Union The Government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was the executive and administrative organ of the highest organ of state power, highest body of state authority, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, All-Union Supreme Soviet. It ...

established the NTsUYaO (Национальный центр по уменьшению ядерной опасности ,НЦУЯО) National Nuclear Risk Reduction Center which was subordinate under the Soviet Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union. From its establishment the center has been tasked with informing the government about launches of missiles, but soon its tasks increased due to the

Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF Treaty) was an arms control treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union (and its successor state, the Russia, Russian Federation). President of the United States, US President Ronald Rea ...

with the United States about the removal and elimination of intermediate and short range missiles, from December 8, 1987. Shortly, after that the center become the primary body responsible for control and inspection of nuclear and strategic weapons in Soviet Union. Since February 24, 1988 the center has been active full time, and since April 1 in the same year, a hotline between the center and its US counterpart, the

Nuclear Risk Reduction Center The Nuclear Risk Reduction Center (NRRC) is part of the United States Department of State The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an United States federal executive departments, executive department of t ...

, was established. Its purpose was to create an additional channel of communication for the prevention of

nuclear war Nuclear warfare, also known as atomic warfare, is a War, military conflict or prepared Policy, political strategy that deploys nuclear weaponry. Nuclear weapons are Weapon of mass destruction, weapons of mass destruction; in contrast to conven ...

, in addition to the Hot Line

and diplomatic channels. The Center is online 24 hours a day and relays information regarding the arms activities of both nations so as to prevent accidental outbreak of nuclear war. The Center is taking part in open skies agreements. The

Treaty on Open Skies The Treaty on Open Skies establishes a program of unarmed aerial surveillance flights over the entire territory of its participants. The treaty is designed to enhance mutual understanding and confidence by giving all participants, regardless ...

establishes a program of unarmed aerial surveillance flights over the entire territory of its participants. It was signed in March 1992 and became one of the major

confidence-building measures Confidence-building measures (CBMs) or confidence- and security-building measures (CSBMs) are actions taken to reduce fear of attack by both (or more) parties in a situation of conflict. The term is most often used in the context of armed conflict, ...

Europe Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and Asia to the east ...

after the

Cold War The Cold War was a period of global Geopolitics, geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc, which lasted from 1947 unt ...

. It entered into force on January 1, 2002, and currently has 34 States Parties, including

and the majority of the

NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ; , OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental Transnationalism, transnational military alliance of 32 Member states of NATO, member s ...

countries. Moscow ratified the Treaty on Open Skies on May 26, 2001. The treaty allows its participants to openly gather information on each other's military forces and activities.

References

{{reflist

External links

Official Homepage

The Washington Post ''The Washington Post'', locally known as ''The'' ''Post'' and, informally, ''WaPo'' or ''WP'', is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital. It is the most widely circulated newspaper in the Washington m ...

* ttp://fas.org/nuke/control/nrrc/docs/nrrc1.htm Agreement between the United States Of America and The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics On Establishment of Nuclear Risk Reduction Centersbr> Federation of American Scientists information on the NRRCs in Washington and Moscow
Departments of the Ministry of Defence (Russia) Nuclear weapons governance Cold War history of the Soviet Union 1987 establishments in Russia

History

See also

References

External links