commune A commune is an alternative term for an intentional community. Commune or comună or comune or other derivations may also refer to: Administrative-territorial entities * Commune (administrative division), a municipality or township ** Communes of ...

Department Department may refer to: * Departmentalization, division of a larger organization into parts with specific responsibility Government and military *Department (administrative division), a geographical and administrative division within a country, ...

Essonne Essonne () is a department of France in the southern Île-de-France region. It is named after the river Essonne. In 2019, it had a population of 1,301,659 across 194 communes.center of Paris. The café ''Au Reveil Matin'' at 22 Avenue

Jean Jaurès Auguste Marie Joseph Jean Léon Jaurès (3 September 185931 July 1914), commonly referred to as Jean Jaurès (; oc, Joan Jaurés ), was a French Socialist leader. Initially a Moderate Republican, he later became one of the first social demo ...

was the departure point of the first Tour de France in 1903. Montgeron was also the starting point of the 21st (and last) stage of the

2017 Tour de France The 2017 Tour de France was the 104th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The 21-stage race took place across , commencing with an individual time trial in Düsseldorf, Germany on 1 July, and concluding with the Champs- ...

.

Geography

Climate

Situated in the region of Île-de-France, Montgeron has an oceanic climate, with cool winters and mild summers, and has more precipitation than others in the central parts. The mean temperature is around 10.8 °C, with a maximum of 15.2 °C and a minimum of 6.4 °C. However, the actual temperatures recorded are 24.5 °C in July at the maximum and 0.7 °C in January at the minimum, but the records registered the maximum temperature of 38.2 °C on 1 July 1952 and the minimum temperature of -19.6 °C on 17 January 1985. Due to the lower urban density between Paris and its suburbs, a difference of one to two degrees Celsius is felt strongly. The amount of sunshine is comparable to the average of the regions of the north of the Loire with 1,798 hours per year. Precipitation is also distributed over the year, with a total of 598.3 millimeters of rain and an approximate average of fifty millimeters per month.

Transport

Although Montgeron is away from the course of the Seine, major axes of communication cross at Montgeron, most of them inherited from before. It was crossed by the old National Road 6 (N6) but now the road takes a detour to the west of the city center; the route is now occupied by the Departemental Road 50 (D50). The road D50 intersects the east-west running Departemental Road 31 (D31), which the latter leads to the neighboring commune of

Yerres Yerres () is a commune in the Essonne department, in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Population Inhabitants are called ''Yerrois'' in French. Geography Yerres lies in the North-Eastern p ...

. The new portion of N6 shares its northern part with the Departemental Road 448 (D448) which the latter follows the river Seine south to

Corbeil-Essonnes Corbeil-Essonnes () on the River Seine is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Although neighboring Évry is the official seat of the Arrondissement of Évry, the sub-prefecture buildin ...

. Recent development and heavy traffic have made access to the city center much more difficult, which accentuates commercial desertification. Since 1849, the Paris-Marseille railway passes through the northeast of Montgeron, now served by the Montgeron-Crosne station on the Paris RER line D. The rail link is complemented by several bus lines, including the

Noctilien Noctilien is the night bus service in Paris and its agglomeration. It is managed by the Île-de-France Mobilités (formerly the STIF), the Île-de-France regional public transit authority, and operated by RATP (with 32 lines) and Transilien SN ...

Line N134 ensuring services during the night(click this reference for the French Wikipedia:), line 91.09 of the Albatrans bus network, line 191-100 of the Mobilien network, lines A, E, P, Q and V of the STRAV bus network, and lines IV and 501 of the Seine Sénart Bus network have stops in Montgeron. The town is located eight kilometers south-east of Paris- Orly airport and thirty-four kilometers south of Paris-Charles-de-Gaulle airport. Leisure and business aviation will be oriented towards the Melun-Villaroche air base, ultimately transformed into a tourism and business airport, located nineteen kilometers to the southeast.

Politics

The mayor of Montgeron is Sylvie Carillon from The Republicans, starting from April 16, 2020. The commune of Montgeron is located in

Essonne's 8th constituency The 8th constituency of Essonne is a French legislative constituency in the Essonne department. Its member of the National Assembly has been Nicolas Dupont-Aignan since 1997. Description The 8th constituency of Essonne is in the north east of t ...

, which includes Montgeron,

Yerres Yerres () is a commune in the Essonne department, in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Population Inhabitants are called ''Yerrois'' in French. Geography Yerres lies in the North-Eastern p ...

,

Brunoy Brunoy () is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, Île-de-France, France. It is located from the center of Paris. The tenor Louis Nourrit (1780–1831) died in Brunoy. The city has a church Saint-Medard, richly decorated in the Lou ...

, and

Vigneux-sur-Seine Vigneux-sur-Seine (, literally ''Vigneux on Seine'') is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris. Inhabitants of Vigneux-sur-Seine are known as ''Vigneusiens''. Population Transport Vigne ...

. Their member of the National Assembly has been Nicolas Dupont-Aignan, the president of Debout la France, since 1997. He was first elected in 1997, followed by getting reelected in 2002, 2007, 2012, and 2017.

Intercommunality and Cantons

Montgeron is located inside the

Communauté d'agglomération Val d'Yerres Val de Seine Communauté d'agglomération Val d'Yerres Val de Seine is the ''communauté d'agglomération'', an intercommunal structure, covering southern suburbs of Paris. It is located in the Essonne department, in the Île-de-France region, northern France ...

, which also includes Boussy-Saint-Antoine,

Brunoy Brunoy () is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, Île-de-France, France. It is located from the center of Paris. The tenor Louis Nourrit (1780–1831) died in Brunoy. The city has a church Saint-Medard, richly decorated in the Lou ...

, Crosne,

Draveil Draveil () is a commune in the department of Essonne in the southern suburbs of Paris, France.Épinay-sous-Sénart,

Quincy-sous-Sénart Quincy-sous-Sénart (, literally ''Quincy under Sénart'') is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France. The palaeographer and archivist Robert Marichal (1904–1999) died in Quincy-sous-Sénart. Population In ...

,

Vigneux-sur-Seine Vigneux-sur-Seine (, literally ''Vigneux on Seine'') is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris. Inhabitants of Vigneux-sur-Seine are known as ''Vigneusiens''. Population Transport Vigne ...

, and

Yerres Yerres () is a commune in the Essonne department, in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. Population Inhabitants are called ''Yerrois'' in French. Geography Yerres lies in the North-Eastern p ...

. Montgeron, like Brunoy, is divided between two cantons. The

Canton of Vigneux-sur-Seine The canton of Vigneux-sur-Seine is an administrative division of the Essonne department, Île-de-France region, northern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Vign ...

includes the communes of Vigneux-sur-Seine, Crosne and the northern part of Montgeron. The

Canton of Draveil The canton of Draveil is an administrative division of the Essonne department, Île-de-France region, northern France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Draveil. It ...

includes the communes of Draveil,

Soisy-sur-Seine Soisy-sur-Seine (, literally ''Soisy on Seine'') is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France. Population Inhabitants of Soisy-sur-Seine are known as ''Soiséens'' in French. See also *Communes of the Essonne de ...

,

Saint-Germain-lès-Corbeil Saint-Germain-lès-Corbeil (, literally ''Saint-Germain near Corbeil'') is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France. Population Inhabitants of Saint-Germain-lès-Corbeil are known as ''Saint-Germinois'' in Frenc ...

,

Étiolles Étiolles () is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France, twenty-seven kilometers southeast of Paris. Inhabitants of Étiolles are known as ''Étiollais''. See also *Communes of the Essonne department The foll ...

, and the southern part of Montgeron. The dividing line goes from the territorial limit of the municipality of Yerres, to the Avenue de la République (departmental road 50), Rue des Bois, Place de l'Europe, Avenue de la Grange, Avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, Rue de Mainville, Rue de la Croix-Saint-Marc, Rue des Plantes, Rue Édouard-Branly, Rue de la Garenne, Rue de la Belle-Aimée, Chemin du Dessus-du-Luet to n ° 117, then to the right of n ° 117 of Chemin du Dessus-du-Luet straight to National Road 6, Rue des Saules, Rue des Jacinthes, up to the territorial limit of the municipality of Vigneux-sur-Seine.

Twin Towns

*

Eschborn Eschborn () is a town in the Main-Taunus district, Hesse, Germany. It is part of the Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area and has a population of 21,488 (2018). Eschborn is home to numerous corporations due to its proximity to Frankfurt and relativel ...

, Hesse, Germany starting from 1985. *

Magog, Quebec Magog (; ) is a city in southeastern Quebec, Canada, about east of Montreal at the confluence of Lake Memphremagog—after which the city was named—with the Rivière aux Cerises and the Magog River. It is a major centre and industrial city in ...

, Canada starting from 1986. *

Póvoa de Varzim Póvoa de Varzim (, ) is a Portuguese city in Northern Portugal and sub-region of Greater Porto, from its city centre. It sits in a sandy coastal plain, a cuspate foreland, halfway between the Minho and Douro rivers. In 2001, there were 63,470 ...

, Norte, Portugal starting from 1986. * Viernau, Thuringia, Germany starting from 1992.

Populations and Society

Demographics

In 2017, the town had 23,775 inhabitants, an increase of 2.12% compared to 2012 (

Essonne Essonne () is a department of France in the southern Île-de-France region. It is named after the river Essonne. In 2019, it had a population of 1,301,659 across 194 communes.France excluding Mayotte: + 2.36%). Placed on the important road from Paris to Melun at the edge of the Sénart Forest, Montgeron was a town already counting more than eight hundred and fifty people at the time of the first census of people in 1793. A period of chaotic evolution ensued with a growth to nearly nine hundred inhabitants in 1800 and a decrease until 1851. The milestone of nine hundred residents was reached in 1831 and that of the thousand residents ten years later. From 1856, following the arrival of the railway, a period of constant progress began, only briefly interrupted by the losses due to the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, the milestone of two thousand inhabitants being crossed in 1896. At During the twentieth century, the two world conflicts did not prevent the local population explosion, driven by massive urbanization which allowed the town to have nearly four thousand five hundred inhabitants in 1921 and more than ten thousand in 1946. This the figure doubled in the following twelve years and reached the historic peak of twenty-three thousand seven hundred eighty-six in 1975. The urban rehabilitation operations and the decline in enthusiasm for this town made it lose two thousand people in fifteen years before it returned to demographic growth from 1999, again negative in view of the 2007 figures establishing the Montgeron population to twenty-two thousand nine hundred twenty-nine people. Immigration has little impact on this demographic development since only 7.6% of the municipal population was foreign in 1999. In that year, the largest communities were distributed between 3.2% of the total for Portuguese population, 0.9% for Algerians, 0.5% for Moroccans, 0.4% for Turks and Italians, 0.3% for Tunisians and 0.2% for Spaniards.http://www.recensement-1999.insee.fr/RP99/rp99/wr_page.affiche?p_id_transac=&p_theme=ALL&p_typeprod=ALL&p_id_nivgeo=C&p_id_loca=91421&p_id_princ=NAT2A&p_id_second=NAT2A2&p_langue=FR&p_specim=N&p_pourcent=1 Inhabitants of Montgeron are known as ''Montgeronnais''.

Facilities

There is a library called Médiathèque du Carré d'Art, a post office, and the Avenue de la République has restaurants and shops.

Famous People in Montgeron

The local school (J-C Gatinot) was decorated by painter

Maurice Boitel Maurice Boitel (July 31, 1919 – August 11, 2007) was a French painter. Artistic life Boitel belonged to the art movement called "La Jeune Peinture" ("Young Picture") of the School of Paris,The School of Paris (1945–1965) by Lydia Harambourg. ...

. The engraver Paul-Marcel Dammann (1885–1939) was born and died in Montgeron.

References

External links

*
Official website
*

Mayors of Essonne Association
{{Authority control Communes of Essonne