Dutch Golden Age painter of landscapes
*
Balthasar van der Ast
Balthasar van der Ast (1593/94 – 7 March 1657) was a Dutch Golden Age painter who specialized in still lifes of flowers and fruit, as well as painting a number of remarkable shell still lifes; he is considered to be a pioneer in the genr ...
(1593/94 – 1657) a
Dutch Golden Age painter
*
Pieter de Putter (ca.1600 – 1659) a Dutch still life painter
*
Daniël de Blieck (ca.1610 – 1673) a
Dutch Golden Age painter, draughtsman and architect
*
Philips Angel I (1616–1683) a Dutch still-life painter
*
Ariana Nozeman
Ariana Nozeman (alt: A(d)riana Noseman/Nooseman): born Ariana van den Bergh (1626/1628 in Middelburg – December 7, 1661 in Amsterdam), was the first woman to play a leading role in a public play in The Netherlands. She made her debut on stag ...
(1626/1628 – 1661) the first actress in The Netherlands
*
Pieter Borsseler (ca.1633 – ca.1687) a Dutch portrait painter, prominent in England
*
Pieter Bustijn (1649–1729) a composer, organist, harpsichordist and
carillon player
*
Adriaen Coorte
Adriaen Coorte (ca. 1665 – after 1707) was a Dutch Golden Age painter of still lifes, who signed works between 1683 and 1707. He painted small and unpretentious still lifes in a style more typical of the first half of the century, and was "on ...
(ca.1665 – ca.1707) a
Dutch Golden Age painter of still-lifes
*
Barend Cornelis Koekkoek (1803–1862) a Dutch landscape artist and
lithographer
Lithography () is a planographic method of printing originally based on the immiscibility of oil and water. The printing is from a stone (lithographic limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. It was invented in 1796 by the German a ...
*
Suzanna Sablairolles (1829–1867) a Dutch stage actress
*
Anna Adelaïde Abrahams (1849–1930) a Dutch still life painter
*
Henri Eduard Beunke (1851–1925) a Dutch writer, known for his literary regionalistic work
*
Herman Johannes van der Weele (1852–1930) a Dutch painter of the 2nd
Hague School
The Hague School is a group of artists who lived and worked in The Hague between 1860 and 1890. Their work was heavily influenced by the realist painters of the French Barbizon school. The painters of the Hague school generally made use of relat ...
*
Pieter Cornelis Boutens
Pieter Cornelis BoutensHis original family name was changed from Bouters to Boutens by a decision of the District Court of Middelburg, 14 March 1898, Act No. 79 (February 20, 1870 – March 14, 1943) was a Dutch poet, classicist, and mystic.
Bi ...
(1870–1943) a Dutch poet, classicist, and mystic
*
Joost Baljeu
Joost Baljeu (1 November 1925 – 1 July 1991) was a Dutch painter, sculptor and writer. He is known for his large outdoor painted steel structures.
Life
Joost Baljeu was born in Middelburg on 1 November 1925.
During World War II (1939–45) h ...
(1925–1991) a Dutch painter, sculptor and writer
* Paul van der Feen (born 1978) a Dutch saxophonist
*
Carolyn Lilipaly
Carolijn "Carolyn" Lilipaly (born July 22, 1969) is a Dutch news anchor and actress.
Dutch-Moluccan Carolijn Lilipaly was born in Middelburg. Her father was former Dutch Labour Party parliament member John Lilipaly (1943-2022). After studying la ...
(born 1969) a Dutch news anchor and actress
*
Stefan de Vries (born 1970) a Dutch writer and journalist
Public thinking and public service
*
Paul of Middelburg (1446–1534) a Flemish scientist and
Bishop of Fossombrone
*
Philippe van Lansberge
Johan Philip Lansberge (25 August 1561 – 8 December 1632) was a Flemish Calvinist Minister, astronomer and Mathematician. His name is sometimes written Lansberg, and his first name is sometimes given as Philip or Johannes Philippus. He ...
(1561–1632) a Dutch Calvinist Minister, astronomer and mathematician
*
John Forbes (c.1568–1634) Founded a Church of Scotland
*
Isaac Beeckman (1588–1637) a Dutch philosopher and scientist
* Sir
Balthazar Gerbier (1592–1663) an Anglo-Dutch courtier, diplomat, art advisor, miniaturist and architectural designer
*
Paulus van de Perre (ca.1598 – 1653 in London) a Dutch politician and diplomat, negotiated with
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell (25 April 15993 September 1658) was an English politician and military officer who is widely regarded as one of the most important statesmen in English history. He came to prominence during the 1639 to 1651 Wars of the Three ...
*
Adam Boreel (1602–1665) a Dutch theologian and Hebrew scholar
*
Margaretha Sandra (1629–1674) a Dutch military heroine in the siege of
Aardenburg in 1672
*
Frederik van Leenhof (1647–1715) a controversial Dutch pastor and philosopher
*
Adrian Beverland
Hadriaan Beverland (Hadrianus Beverlandus, September–December 1650 Middelburg, Zeeland — 14 December 1716 London) was a Dutch humanist scholar who was banished from Holland in 1679 and settled in England in 1680.
Early life
Beverland was b ...
(1650 — 1716 in London) a Dutch humanist scholar, banished in 1679 and settled in England
*
Cornelius van Bynkershoek
Cornelis van Bijnkershoek (a.k.a. ''Cornelius van Bynkershoek'') (29 May 1673, in Middelburg – 16 April 1743, in The Hague) was a Dutch jurist and legal theorist who was educated at the University of Franeker. After two years study, he began to ...
(1673–1743) a Dutch jurist and legal theorist
*
Stephanus Versluys (1694–1736) the 21st
Governor of Dutch Ceylon
*
Reynier de Klerck (1710–1780)
Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies 1778/1780
*
Laurens Pieter van de Spiegel (1736–1800) was
Grand Pensionary of Zeeland
*
Piet Meertens
Pieter Jacobus (Piet) Meertens ( Middelburg, 6 September 1899 – Amstelveen, 28 October 1985) was a Dutch scholar of literature, dialects, and ethnology. He founded the institutes which later merged into the Meertens Instituut (a research institu ...
(1899–1985) a Dutch scholar of literature, dialects, and ethnology
*
Etty Hillesum
Esther (Etty) Hillesum (15 January 1914 – 30 November 1943) was the Dutch author of confessional letters and diaries which describe both her religious awakening and the persecutions of Jewish people in Amsterdam during the German occupation. ...
(1914 – 1943 in Auschwitz) the Dutch author of confessional letters and diaries
*
Hendricus Leopold (1918–2008), a Dutch diplomat, first
Ambassador of the Netherlands to Suriname
*
Albert de Vries (born 1955) a Dutch politician, alderman of Middelburg 2002/2012
*
Han Polman
Johannes Marcellus Maria "Han" Polman (born 16 January 1963) is a Dutch politician of the Democrats 66 (D66) party. He has been the King's Commissioner of Zeeland since 1 March 2013. Previously he was Mayor of Bergen op Zoom and Noordwijkerho ...
(born 1963) a Dutch politician, King's Commissioner of Zeeland since 2013
*
Harald Bergmann (born 1965) a Dutch politician, Mayor of Middelburg since 2012
Science and business
*
Zacharias Janssen
Zacharias Janssen; also Zacharias Jansen or Sacharias Jansen; 1585 – pre-1632) was a Dutch spectacle-maker who lived most of his life in Middelburg. He is associated with the invention of the first optical telescope and/or the first truly ...
(1585 – ca.1632) a Dutch spectacle-maker, lived mostly in Middelburg.
*
Alexander Daniell
Alexander Daniell (12 December 1599 – 12 April 1668) was the sole proprietor of the Manor of Alverton, Cornwall from 1630 until his death in 1668.
He was born in Middelburg in Walcheren, the son of Richard Daniel, clothier and citizen of Lon ...
(1599–1668) the sole proprietor of the
Manor of Alverton
The Manor of Alverton was a former manorial estate located in the hundred of Penwith, west Cornwall, England, UK.
History
The first historical details of the manor were recorded in the Domesday book which stated that before the Norman conquest ...
, Cornwall 1630/1668
*
Pieter van Abeele (1608–1684) a medallist, perfected the technique of pressing hollow medals
*
Jan Goedart (1617–1668) a Dutch naturalist, entomologist and painter
*
Steven Blankaart
Steven Blankaart (24 October 1650, Middelburg – 23 February 1704, Amsterdam) was a Dutch physician, iatrochemist, and entomologist, who worked on the same field as Jan Swammerdam. Blankaart proved the existence of a capillary system, a ...
(1650–1704) a Dutch physician,
iatrochemist, and
entomologist
Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as ara ...
*
Pieter Boddaert
Pieter Boddaert (1730 – 6 May 1795) was a Dutch physician and naturalist.
Early life, family and education
Boddaert was the son of a Middelburg jurist and poet by the same name (1694–1760). The younger Pieter obtained his M.D. at the Unive ...
(1730–1795) a Dutch physician and naturalist
*
Franz Zacharias Ermerins (1808–1871) a Dutch physician and medical editor
*
Jan Adrianus Herklots (1820–1872) a Dutch zoologist, researched
carcinology and the
echinoderms
An echinoderm () is any member of the phylum Echinodermata (). The adults are recognisable by their (usually five-point) radial symmetry, and include starfish, brittle stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers, as well as the ...
*
Cecil Hoare FRS (1892–1984) a British
protozoologist and
parasitologist
*
Lili Bleeker
Caroline Emilie "Lili" Bleeker (17 January 1897 – 8 November 1985) was a Dutch entrepreneur and physicist from Middelburg known for her designs and the manufacturing of optical instruments. In the era she grew up, it was the norm for women to b ...
(1897–1985) a Dutch entrepreneur and physicist, designed and made optical instruments
*
Cees Maas (born 1947) former
chief financial officer
The chief financial officer (CFO) is an officer of a company or organization that is assigned the primary responsibility for managing the company's finances, including financial planning, management of financial risks, record-keeping, and fina ...
of the
ING Group
The ING Group ( nl, ING Groep) is a Dutch multinational banking and financial services corporation headquartered in Amsterdam. Its primary businesses are retail banking, direct banking, commercial banking, investment banking, wholesale banki ...
Sport
*
Jan Poortvliet
Jan Poortvliet (; born 21 September 1955) is a Dutch professional football coach and a former player who played as a left-back. He works as the coach of the Under-18 squad of FC Eindhoven He represented the Netherlands national team at the 1978 ...
(born 1955) a retired football defender with 531 club caps
*
Elisabeth Willeboordse (born 1978) a female judoka, bronze medallist at the
2008 Summer Olympics
The 2008 Summer Olympics (), officially the Games of the XXIX Olympiad () and also known as Beijing 2008 (), were an international multisport event held from 8 to 24 August 2008, in Beijing, China. A total of 10,942 athletes from 204 Nat ...
Geography and climate
Aside from the town of Middelburg, the municipality also includes several population centres, including:
Arnemuiden,
Kleverskerke,
Nieuw- en Sint Joosland and
Sint Laurens.
The town is close to the coast but the distance of 10–15 km means the winters are somewhat colder with especially lower winter minima and higher summer maxima. It has a temperate oceanic climate (Cfb) with few extremes. Winters tend to be mild, especially considering the northern latitude, summers are cool and precipitation is spread out evenly over the year. All seasons are warming up by about 0,5 C/decade due to anthropogenic warming.
The extremes measured since 2000, 2 km northeast of the town in the countryside with calibrated equipment have been -17,2 C on the 4th of February 2012 and 40,9 C on the 25th of July 2019, the latter unofficially being a new Dutch all-time high record, slightly above the 40,7 C measured at Gilzerijen KNMI and 40,6 C in Westdorpe. Vlissingen KNMI measured -11,0 C and 37,5 C on the same dates, clearly showing how much the influence is diminished just 8 km further inland.
The climate is warming due to anthropogenic influences, clearly witnessed by the fact that the previous record of 37,5 C was measured just a year before. Also, in the past minima have been at and probably below -20 C in winter months. Snowcover, days with airfrost and icedays (Tx < 0,0 C) have greatly diminished and with it ice speedskating on the canals, a favourite sport in the winter months, has become very infrequent since 2013 especially.
Gallery
File:Middelburg Dam en Prins Hendrikdok. Zeeland.jpg, Dam and Prins Hendrikdok
File:Rathaus-Middelburg-2012.jpg, Former city hall
File:Middelburg, zicht op de Lange Jan vanaf het station foto3 2014-02-23 13.33.jpg, View at the Lange Jan from the station
File:Middelburg, straatzicht Londense Kaai foto8 2014-02-23 13.42.jpg, The ''Londense Kaai''
File:Middelburg, bij de Kuiperspoort foto8 2014-02-23 14,28.jpg, Near towngate, the Kuiperspoort
File:Middelburg, molen de Hoop RM29653 foto7 2014-02-23 15.21.jpg, ''Molen de Hoop''
Culture and recreation
When
William of Orange decided to found the first university in the Netherlands in 1575, he initially considered locating it in Middelburg. Ultimately he chose
Leiden
Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration w ...
, however, and Middelburg—as well as all of Zeeland—remained without a university until 2004 when
University College Roosevelt
University College Roosevelt (UCR), formerly known as Roosevelt Academy (RA), is a small, honors undergraduate liberal arts and science college located in Middelburg in the Netherlands and the sole university in Zeeland. It offers a residenti ...
(formerly known as
Roosevelt Academy
University College Roosevelt (UCR), formerly known as Roosevelt Academy (RA), is a small, honors undergraduate liberal arts and science college located in Middelburg in the Netherlands and the sole university in Zeeland. It offers a residenti ...
), affiliated with
Utrecht University
Utrecht University (UU; nl, Universiteit Utrecht, formerly ''Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht'') is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands. Established , it is one of the oldest universities in the Netherlands. In 2018, it had an enrollme ...
, was established. A campus of the
HZ University of Applied Sciences is also located in the city, although this institution has its headquarters in the nearby city of Vlissingen.
Cultural institutions
Theaters and Concert halls
Sightseeing
Sports
Middelburg has a rugby club, Oemoemenoe, and four football (soccer) clubs: MZVC, Zeelandia Middelburg, Jong Ambon and FC Dauwendaele. Jong Ambon is translated Young Ambon, and consists of mostly Ambonese players. FC Dauwendaele is the main club in
Dauwendaele.
Transportation
Middelburg has a
railway station
Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in Track (rail transport), tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the ...
with intercity train connections to
Vlissingen
Vlissingen (; zea, label=Zeelandic, Vlissienge), historically known in English as Flushing, is a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality and a city in the southwestern Netherlands on the former island of Walcheren. With its strategic l ...
,
Goes
Goes () is a city and municipality in the southwestern Netherlands on Zuid-Beveland, in the province of Zeeland. The city of Goes has approximately 27,000 residents.
History
Goes was founded in the 10th century on the edge of a creek: de Korte ...
,
Roosendaal,
Rotterdam
Rotterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Rotte (river), Rotte'') is the second largest List of cities in the Netherlands by province, city and List of municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality in the Netherlands. It is in the Prov ...
,
The Hague
The Hague ( ; nl, Den Haag or ) is a city and municipality of the Netherlands, situated on the west coast facing the North Sea. The Hague is the country's administrative centre and its seat of government, and while the official capital o ...
,
Leiden
Leiden (; in English and archaic Dutch also Leyden) is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands. The municipality of Leiden has a population of 119,713, but the city forms one densely connected agglomeration w ...
,
Haarlem
Haarlem (; predecessor of ''Harlem'' in English) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of North Holland. Haarlem is situated at the northern edge of the Randstad, one of the most populated metropoli ...
, and
Amsterdam
Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the capital and most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population of 907,976 within the city proper, 1,558,755 in the urban ar ...
. Four trains leave every hour in both directions.
Twin cities
In popular culture
* In
Rafael Sabatini
Rafael Sabatini (29 April 1875 – 13 February 1950) was an Italian-born British writer of romance and adventure novels.
He is best known for his worldwide bestsellers: '' The Sea Hawk'' (1915), ''Scaramouche'' (1921), ''Captain Blood'' (a.k. ...
's 1929 novel "The Romantic Prince", set in the late 1460s, Middelburg is the home town of Mister Danvelt and his son Philip. The Danvelt home is a beautiful, gabled house on the Lange Delft, not far from Middelburg's imposing abbey. Philip Danvelt inherits the house and lives there with his wife Johanna when he is arrested by Lord Claude de Rhynsault.
[p166-178 of the House of Stratus edition, ch. 4. ''The Romantic Prince'', Rafael Sabatini, 2001]
*In ''The Canterbury Tales'', c.1387, the Merchant speaks of the absolute importance of keeping the sea free of pirates "between Middelburg and Orwell" (the
River Orwell in England).
References
Literature
*
External links
*
*
Official city website(in Dutch with a limited English section)
Tourism Middelburg
{{Authority control
Cities in the Netherlands
Municipalities of Zeeland
Populated places in Zeeland
Provincial capitals of the Netherlands
Walcheren