Michele Sindona

Michele Sindona (; 8 May 1920 – 22 March 1986) was an Italian banker and convicted felon. Known in banking circles as "The Shark", Sindona was a member of Propaganda Due (#0501), a secret lodge of Italian Freemasonry, and had clear connections to the Sicilian Mafia. He was fatally poisoned in prison while serving a life sentence for the murder of lawyer Giorgio Ambrosoli.

Early years

Born at Patti, a small '' comune'' (municipality) in the province of Messina ( Sicily), to a Neapolitan father, a florist who specialized in funeral wreaths,''Sindona funambolo del 900''
Corrado Stajano. Libertà e giustizia. 9 ottobre 2009 and a Sicilian mother, Sindona was educated by the Jesuits, and showed very early in his life an unusual aptitude for mathematics and economics. He graduated with a law degree from the University of Messina in 1942. He then moved from Sicily to Northern Italy where he worked as a tax lawyer and an accountant for companies such as Società Generale Immobiliare and SNIA Viscosa, but immediately turned away from the law and began working in smuggling operations with the Mafia. He soon moved to Milan, and his skill and dexterity in transferring money to avoid taxation soon became known to Mafia bosses. By 1957, he had become closely associated with the Gambino family and was chosen to manage their profits from heroin sales.

International banker

Within a year of the Gambino family's choosing him to manage their heroin profits, Sindona had bought his first bank. He also became a friend of future Pope Giovanni Battista Montini; Montini was at the time archbishop of the Archdiocese of Milan and Cardinal. By the time Montini became Pope Paul VI, Sindona had acquired, through his holding company Fasco, many more Italian banks, and his progress continued right up to the beginning of his association with the Vatican Bank in 1969. Huge amounts of money moved from Sindona's banks through the Vatican to Swiss banks, and he began speculating against major currencies on a large scale.

In 1972, Sindona purchased a controlling interest in Long Island's Franklin National Bank from Lawrence Tisch. He was hailed as "the saviour of the lira" and was named "Man of the Year" in January 1974 by the US ambassador to Italy, John Volpe. But that April, a sudden stock market crash led to what is known as ''Il Crack Sindona'' (The Sindona bankrupt). The Franklin Bank's profit fell by as much as 98% compared to the previous year, and Sindona suffered a 40 million dollar loss. Consequently, he began losing most of the banks he had acquired over the previous seventeen years. On 8 October 1974 the bank was declared insolvent due to mismanagement and fraud, involving losses in foreign currency speculation and poor loan policies. Part of the losses involved Sindona's transfer of $30,000,000 of Bank funds to Europe to recover his losses.

According to the Mafia '' pentito'' (repentant) Francesco Marino Mannoia, Sindona laundered the proceeds of heroin trafficking for the Bontade-Spatola- Inzerillo- Gambino network. The mafiosi were determined to get their money back and would play an important role in Sindona's attempt to save his banks.

Arrest, trial and death

On 11 July 1979 Giorgio Ambrosoli, the lawyer who was commissioned as liquidator of Sindona's banks, was murdered in Milan. Milanese Councilman Antonio Amati turned the case over to a young judge, Giuliano Turone. It was discovered that Michele Sindona ordered Ambrosoli's murder (which was carried out by an American assassin). At the same time, the Mafia killed police superintendent Boris Giuliano in Palermo. He was investigating the Mafia's heroin trafficking and had contacted Ambrosoli just two weeks before that to compare investigations.

While under indictment in the US, Sindona pretended to have been kidnapped in August 1979, to conceal a mysterious 11-week trip to Sicily before his scheduled fraud trial. The brother-in-law of Mafia boss Stefano Bontade, Giacomo Vitale, was one of the persons who organized Sindona's travel. The real purpose of the "kidnapping" was to issue thinly-disguised blackmail notes to Sindona's past political allies – among them Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti – to engineer the rescue of his banks and recover the Cosa Nostra’s money.

He threatened Enrico Cuccia, president of Mediobanca, who was opposed to the reorganization/rescue plan.''Messina and Arico v. United States of America''
, United States Court of Appeals, February 7, 1984 In Palermo, Sindona went to the house of Dr. Joseph Miceli Crimi, an American-Italian doctor and Freemason. Crimi later admitted to the judges that he went to Arezzo to talk with Licio Gelli about Sindona's situation. Licio Gelli then started to interest two judges, Giuliano Turone and Gherardo Colombo.

The plot failed. After his supposed release from the kidnappers, Sindona surrendered to the FBI. He was convicted in 1980 in the United States on 65 counts, including fraud, perjury, false bank statements, and misappropriation of bank funds. He was represented by a leading US attorney, Ivan Fisher. While Sindona was serving time in US Federal Prison, the Italian government applied for his extradition back to Italy to stand trial for murder. Sindona was sentenced to 25 years in Italian prison on 27 March 1984. On 18 March 1986 he was poisoned with cyanide in his coffee, in his cell at the prison in Voghera while serving a life sentence for the murder of Giorgio Ambrosoli.

See also

* List of unsolved murders

References

Sources

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External links and further reading

*
Article
(in Italian) on Propaganda Due

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sindona, Michele
1920 births
1986 deaths
Deaths by poisoning
Deaths related to the Years of Lead (Italy)
Gambino crime family
Italian bankers
Italian fraudsters
Italian murder victims
Italian people convicted of murder
Italian people who died in prison custody
Members of Propaganda Due
Murdered criminals
People convicted of fraud
People convicted of murder by Italy
People extradited from the United States
People extradited to Italy
Gangsters from the Province of Messina
People murdered in Italy
Prisoners who died in Italian detention
University of Messina alumni
Unsolved murders in Italy
Businesspeople from Sicily
1986 murders in Italy