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Mariveles, officially the Municipality of Mariveles ( tl, Bayan ng Mariveles), is a first class municipality in the province of
Bataan Bataan (), officially the Province of Bataan ( fil, Lalawigan ng Bataan ), is a province in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Its capital is the city of Balanga while Mariveles is the largest town in the province. Occupying the enti ...
, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 149,879 people.


History

Founded as a ''pueblo'' by a
Franciscan , image = FrancescoCoA PioM.svg , image_size = 200px , caption = A cross, Christ's arm and Saint Francis's arm, a universal symbol of the Franciscans , abbreviation = OFM , predecessor = , ...
Friar in 1578, Mariveles, the "Village of Camaya" was part of the Corregimiento of Mariveles, including
Bagac Bagac, officially the Municipality of Bagac ( tl, Bayan ng Bagac), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Bataan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 31,365 people. With an area of , Bagac is the largest mun ...
and Morong, Corregidor and
Maragondon, Cavite Maragondon, officially the Municipality of Maragondon ( tgl, Bayan ng Maragondon), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Cavite, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 40,687 people. The town is famous for its ...
. The name Mariveles comes from a shorting of "''maraming dilis''" (lit. "many anchovies"), which are found off the coast. With its natural cove, the port was used by ships from China and Spain to resupply. The Superior Decree of July 1754 declared Mariveles' independence from Pampanga. In the 19th century, the Americans established the first quarantine station in the old Spanish
Leprosarium A leper colony, also known by many other names, is an isolated community for the quarantining and treatment of lepers, people suffering from leprosy. '' M. leprae'', the bacterium responsible for leprosy, is believed to have spread from East Af ...
Hospital (now, the Mariveles Mental Ward). Mariveles Bay was the site of Mariveles Naval Section Base, completed for the United States Asiatic Fleet on 22 July 1941, and was surrendered to the Imperial Japanese Army on 9 April 1942. The Mariveles Airfield, a dirt runway at the Section Base, was the starting point of the
Bataan Death March The Bataan Death March ( Filipino: ''Martsa ng Kamatayan sa Bataan''; Spanish: ''Marcha de la muerte de Bataán'' ; Kapampangan: ''Martsa ning Kematayan quing Bataan''; Japanese: バターン死の行進, Hepburn: ''Batān Shi no Kōshin'') ...
. Today the Bataan Economic Zone, has made the port of trading zone.
Freeport Area of Bataan The Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB), formerly Bataan Export Processing Zone (BEPZ) and Bataan Economic Zone (BEZ) from November 20, 1972 to June 30, 2010, is a special economic zone in Mariveles, Bataan, Philippines. It was envisioned by Congressm ...
, and industry to the city. Agricultural is also a large part of the port export.


Geography

Mariveles is located around the Mariveles Bay, a large cove at the southern tip of the
Bataan Peninsula Bataan (), officially the Province of Bataan ( fil, Lalawigan ng Bataan ), is a province in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Its capital is the city of Balanga while Mariveles is the largest town in the province. Occupying the entir ...
. It adjacent to Manila Bay to the east, and the South China Sea to the west. Mariveles is located about from Manila via the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX),
Jose Abad Santos Avenue Jose Abad Santos Avenue (JASA), also known as the Olongapo–Gapan Road and the Gapan–San Fernando–Olongapo Road, is a two-to-thirteen-lane major highway spanning the provinces of Bataan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, and Zambales in Central Luzon, ...
, and Roman Highway. It borders
Bagac Bagac, officially the Municipality of Bagac ( tl, Bayan ng Bagac), is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Bataan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 31,365 people. With an area of , Bagac is the largest mun ...
to the west and northwest,
Limay Limay, officially the Municipality of Limay ( tl, Bayan ng Limay), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Bataan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 78,272 people. Limay is accessible via the Bataan Provi ...
to the north and northeast, and Manila Bay to the east. According to the Philippine Statistics Authority, the municipality has a land area of constituting of the total area of Bataan. Of this, about 69% consist of the pastureland, 19% of forestland, 6% agricultural lands and the remaining 6% for residential and industrial use.


Climate


Barangays

Mariveles is politically subdivided into 18
barangay A barangay (; abbreviated as Brgy. or Bgy.), historically referred to as barrio (abbreviated as Bo.), is the smallest administrative division in the Philippines and is the native Filipino term for a village, district, or ward. In metropolitan ...
s.


Demographics

In the 2020 census, Mariveles had a population of 149,879. The population density was . Mariveles is home to an
Aeta The Aeta (Ayta ), Agta, or Dumagat, are collective terms for several Filipino indigenous peoples who live in various parts of the island of Luzon in the Philippines. They are considered to be part of the Negrito ethnic groups and share common ...
community speaking a
Sambalic language The Sambalic languages are a part of the Central Luzon language family spoken by the Sambals, an ethnolinguistic group on the western coastal areas of Central Luzon and the Zambales mountain ranges. Demographics The largest Sambalic languages a ...
called Mariveleño.


Economy

The
Freeport Area of Bataan The Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB), formerly Bataan Export Processing Zone (BEPZ) and Bataan Economic Zone (BEZ) from November 20, 1972 to June 30, 2010, is a special economic zone in Mariveles, Bataan, Philippines. It was envisioned by Congressm ...
(formerly known as Bataan Export Processing Zone from November 20, 1972, to June 30, 2010) is a industrial complex in Mariveles town that enjoys business advantages, including tax incentives, natural endowments, and leadership under
Authority of the Freeport Area of Bataan The Authority of the Freeport Area of Bataan (AFAB) is a government agency attached to the Office of the President of the Philippines that operates and manages the Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB) in Mariveles, Bataan, Philippines. The FAB was o ...
(AFAB) Chairman Emmanuel Pineda. It is the only freeport in the country with a 10.9 million cubic meter-capacity dam that delivers 14 million gallons of water every day. It is complemented by water treatment and sewerage treatment plants which employ a sustainable waste water solution.


Government

Pursuant to the
Local government in the Philippines In the Philippines, local government is divided into three levels: provinces and independent cities, component cities and municipalities, and barangays, all of which are collectively known as local government units (LGUs). In one area, above p ...
", the political seat of the municipal government is located at the Municipal Hall. In the History of the Philippines (1521–1898), the ''Gobernadorcillo'' is the Chief Executive who held office in the ''Presidencia''. During the American rule (1898–1946) (
History of the Philippines (1898-1946) Earliest hominin activity in the Philippine archipelago is dated back to at least 709,000 years ago. ''Homo luzonensis'', a species of archaic humans, was present on the island of Luzon at least 67,000 years ago. The earliest known anatomically ...
), the elected Mayor and local officials, including the appointed ones held office at the Municipal Hall. The legislative and executive departments perform their functions in the Sangguniang Bayan (Session Hall) and Municipal Trial Court, respectively, and are located in the second floor of the Town Hall and in the adjacent building. The Municipal Mayor as of the 2016 national and provincial elections, serving his first term in office is Ace Jello "AJ" C. Concepcion. The Sangguniang Bayan Members are: + Chairman and Vice Mayor: Angelito S. Rubia * Councilors: Jaja P. Castañeda, Harry F. Golocan, Tito Pancho S. Catipon, Victoriano C. Isip, Angelito M. Sunga, Emerson Reyes, Joey Carandang, Susan Murillo, and Arvin V. Zurita (Municipal ABC President).


Tourism

Mariveles' attractions, events and historical landmarks include: * Mariveles Five Fingers: A series of coves that looks like five human fingers when viewed from the air. * Mount Mariveles * Km 0 marker of the
Bataan Death March The Bataan Death March ( Filipino: ''Martsa ng Kamatayan sa Bataan''; Spanish: ''Marcha de la muerte de Bataán'' ; Kapampangan: ''Martsa ning Kematayan quing Bataan''; Japanese: バターン死の行進, Hepburn: ''Batān Shi no Kōshin'') ...
* ''Lazareto de Mariveles'': A Quarantine station established by the Spanish government in the 1850s to check and sanitize cargoes and passengers entering Manila. The Americans, upon their conquest of the Philippines, used the same system in their ports. The ruins of the old facility can be found inside the Mariveles Mental Hospital compound in downtown Mariveles. * Parish Church of Saint Nicholas Tolentine: The 1729 Parish Church of Saint Nicholas Tolentine (Cath.: 36,282 Titular: St. Nicholas Tolentine, Feast day, September 10, Vicariate of Saint Michael Archangel) belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Balanga (''Dioecesis Balangensis'') Suffragan of the Archdiocese of San Fernando, Pampanga. On September 9, 2005, Mariveles celebrated the 276th anniversary of Apo Kolas, the Patron Saint of Mariveles — San Nicolas de Tolentino, who arrived in this town through the Order of Augustinian Recoletos missionaries. Thus, the parish was founded in 1729 bearing the name of the saint. Bishop Ruperto Cruz Santos, bishop of the Diocese of Balanga, serves as parish priest of the parish church since June 5, 2020, with priests served under Santos' tenure as parish priest of the church are Rev. Fr. Robert Laracas, OSJ and Rev. Fr. Ponciano G. Balmes, OSJ (2020–2022), Rev. Fr. Marvin Gomez, OSJ, Rev. Fr. Gerald Cuenca, OSJ, Rev. Fr. Christopher Alday, OSJ, and Rev. Fr. Jay Quicho (2022–present).


Infrastructure


Transportation

Mariveles can be reached through jet ferry plying the Mariveles to Manila route that has an approximate travel time of 40 minutes.


Expressway

The
Bataan Provincial Expressway The Roman Superhighway or Bataan Provincial Highway, formerly known as the Bataan Provincial Expressway, is a , two- to four-lane major highway that connects the municipality of Dinalupihan to the municipality of Mariveles in Bataan, Philippine ...
, also called Roman Super-Highway, is a limited-access toll expressway that connects Bataan to the provinces of the
Central Luzon Central Luzon ( pam, (Reyun ning) Kalibudtarang Luzon, pag, (Rehiyon na) Pegley na Luzon, tgl, (Rehiyon ng) Gitnang Luzon, ilo, (Rehion/Deppaar ti) Tengnga ti Luzon), designated as Region III, is an administrative region in the Philippines, ...
region in the Philippines. Mariveles is off Exit 55.


Energy sources

Utilities: * Mariveles geothermal area in Bataan: a geothermal area situated along the West Luzon Volcanic Arc. * GN Power Mariveles Coal Plant (GMCP), Alas-asin: 600-megawatt coal-fired power plant ($155 million was purchased by Conglomerate Ayala Corp. in December 2012). *
National Grid Corporation of the Philippines The National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP) is a privately owned corporation that was created on January 15, 2009, through RA 9511. It is a consortium of three corporations, namely Monte Oro Grid Resources Corporation, Calaca High Po ...
(NGCP) Mariveles Substation which hosts three 500 kV transmission lines which are Mariveles–Balsik, MPGC Mariveles–NGCP Mariveles, and GNPower Dinginin–NGCP Mariveles lines.


Education

Tertiary educational institutions include: * Polytechnic University of the Philippines Bataan (PUP), a state university that offers baccalaureate (college) degrees where students are scholars of the government (after passing an entrance exam). Opened in 1976, the campus is located at Barangay Malaya,
Freeport Area of Bataan The Freeport Area of Bataan (FAB), formerly Bataan Export Processing Zone (BEPZ) and Bataan Economic Zone (BEZ) from November 20, 1972 to June 30, 2010, is a special economic zone in Mariveles, Bataan, Philippines. It was envisioned by Congressm ...
(FAB). * Maritime Academy of Asia and the Pacific (MAAP) located at Kamaya Point, Barangay Alas-asin, offering courses in the maritime industry. Students are accepted after passing stringent academic and physical examinations. *
TESDA The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA ; fil, Pangasiwaan sa Edukasyong Teknikal at Pagpapaunlad ng Kasanayan) serves as the Philippines' Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) authority. As a government a ...
Mariveles Bataan Branch, located at Barangay Camaya and near the Public Market, Mariveles Municipal Hall, and Freeport Area of Bataan, offering technical and vocational courses. * Softnet Information Technology Center (SITC) located at second floor SFB #8, FAB, offering associate degrees in computer studies. * Llamas Memorial Institute Inc.


Gallery

File:Mariveles,_Bataanjf4229_02.JPG, Bay Walk, People's Park File:Camaya Coast 112.jpg, Camaya Coast File:Bataan Mariveles 2.JPG, Remote view of Mariveles File:Marivelesbataanjf4224.JPG, Zero Kilometer Death March Marker Bataan-Peninsula24Jan1945.jpg, Bataan Peninsula on 24 January 1945, with Mariveles Seaplane base, port and Airfield. Japan is bombing the runway. Mariveles surrendered on April 10, 1942 the start of
Bataan Death March The Bataan Death March ( Filipino: ''Martsa ng Kamatayan sa Bataan''; Spanish: ''Marcha de la muerte de Bataán'' ; Kapampangan: ''Martsa ning Kematayan quing Bataan''; Japanese: バターン死の行進, Hepburn: ''Batān Shi no Kōshin'') ...
. Mariveles was retaken in February 1945


See also

* Roman Catholic Diocese of Balanga


References


External links


Mariveles Official Website
*
Philippine Standard Geographic Code The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
{{Authority control Municipalities of Bataan Populated places on Manila Bay