300px, Administrative regions of :
">West Prussia:
The Marienwerder Region () was a government region (''
Regierungsbezirk
A ' () means "governmental district" and is a type of administrative division in Germany. Four of sixteen ' ( states of Germany) are split into '. Beneath these are rural and urban districts.
Saxony has ' (directorate districts) with more res ...
'') of
Prussia
Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved by an ...
from 1815 until 1920 and again 1939-1945. It was a part of the Province of West Prussia from 1815 to 1829, and again 1878–1920, belonging to the
Province of Prussia
The Province of Prussia (; ; pl, Prowincja Prusy; csb, Prowincjô Prësë) was a province of Prussia from 1829 to 1878. Prussia was established as a province of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1829 from the provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia ...
in the intervening years, and to the
Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia in the years 1939-1945. The regional capital was Marienwerder in
West Prussia
The Province of West Prussia (german: Provinz Westpreußen; csb, Zôpadné Prësë; pl, Prusy Zachodnie) was a province of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and 1878 to 1920. West Prussia was established as a province of the Kingdom of Prussia in 177 ...
(now
Kwidzyn
Kwidzyn (pronounced ; german: Marienwerder; Latin: ''Quedin''; Old Prussian: ''Kwēdina'') is a town in northern Poland on the Liwa River, with 38,553 inhabitants (2018). It is the capital of Kwidzyn County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Geogra ...
).
History
Most of
Polish Royal Prussia
Royal Prussia ( pl, Prusy Królewskie; german: Königlich-Preußen or , csb, Królewsczé Prësë) or Polish PrussiaAnton Friedrich Büsching, Patrick Murdoch. ''A New System of Geography'', London 1762p. 588/ref> (Polish: ; German: ) was a ...
was annexed by King
Frederick the Great
Frederick II (german: Friedrich II.; 24 January 171217 August 1786) was King in Prussia from 1740 until 1772, and King of Prussia from 1772 until his death in 1786. His most significant accomplishments include his military successes in the S ...
of Prussia in the 1772
First Partition of Poland. The town of Marienwerder, previously in
Ducal Prussia
The Duchy of Prussia (german: Herzogtum Preußen, pl, Księstwo Pruskie, lt, Prūsijos kunigaikštystė) or Ducal Prussia (german: Herzogliches Preußen, link=no; pl, Prusy Książęce, link=no) was a duchy in the region of Prussia establishe ...
, became an administrative capital of the newly acquired territory, which became the Province of West Prussia on 31 January 1773.
West Prussia was divided into the regions of
Danzig and Marienwerder in 1815, following the
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major global conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European states formed into various coalitions. It produced a period of Fren ...
. While the governor and provincial authorities were based in
Danzig (Gdańsk), the (1772-1943) was in the homonymous town.
From 1815 to 1818, West Prussia was reorganised into ''
districts'' (or Kreise), within each government region. The Marienwerder Region included the rural districts (''Kreise'') of (1818-1920), (1887-1920), (1772-1945),
Flatow (1818-1945), (1818-1920), (1772-1920), (1818-1920),
Marienwerder
Kwidzyn (pronounced ; german: Marienwerder; Latin: ''Quedin''; Old Prussian: ''Kwēdina'') is a town in northern Poland on the Liwa River, with 38,553 inhabitants (2018). It is the capital of Kwidzyn County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Geog ...
(1752-1945), (1818-1945),
Schlochau (1818-1945), (1818-1920), (1818-1920), (1818-1945), (1818-1920), and (1875-1920).
Up until 1920, the Marienwerder Region comprised the urban districts (''Stadtkreise'') of
Graudenz (Grudziądz) and
Thorn (Toruń), both established on 1 January 1900.
The Marienwerder Region was placed under an
inter-Allied commission from 1920 to 1922 and was eventually divided, with the western districts included within the newly established
Polish Republic as part of the so-called
Polish Corridor
The Polish Corridor (german: Polnischer Korridor; pl, Pomorze, Polski Korytarz), also known as the Danzig Corridor, Corridor to the Sea or Gdańsk Corridor, was a territory located in the region of Pomerelia (Pomeranian Voivodeship, easter ...
. The eastern part of Marienwerder that
voted to be incorporated within the
Weimar Republic
The Weimar Republic (german: link=no, Weimarer Republik ), officially named the German Reich, was the government of Germany from 1918 to 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is ...
was named the
Region of West Prussia () while it was joined to the
Province of East Prussia
East Prussia ; german: Ostpreißen, label=Low Prussian; pl, Prusy Wschodnie; lt, Rytų Prūsija was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 1871 ...
from 1922 to 1939, after which the original Marienwerder Region was restored until its dissolution in 1945.
Demographics
Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder had a majority
German population, with a large
Polish minority.
Districts 1818 to 1920
Urban districts
#
Thorn (1900-1920; 1939-1945), disentangled from Thorn District
#
Graudenz (1900-1920; 1939-1945), disentangled from Graudenz District
Rural districts
# (1818-1920; 1939-1945), based in
Culm upon Vistula
# (1887-1920; 1939-1945), based in
Briesen in West Prussia
# (1772-1945), based in
Deutsch-Krone
#
Flatow (1818-1945), based in
Flatow
# (1818-1920), based in
Graudenz
# (1772-1920; 1939-1945), based in
Konitz
#
Löbau
Löbau ( Upper Sorbian: Lubij) is a city in the east of Saxony, Germany, in the traditional region of Upper Lusatia. It is situated between the slopes of the Löbauer Berg and the fertile hilly area of the Upper Lusatian Mountains. It is the ga ...
(1818-1920; 1939-1945), based in Löbau in West Prussia
#
Marienwerder
Kwidzyn (pronounced ; german: Marienwerder; Latin: ''Quedin''; Old Prussian: ''Kwēdina'') is a town in northern Poland on the Liwa River, with 38,553 inhabitants (2018). It is the capital of Kwidzyn County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Geog ...
(1752-1945), based in Marienwerder in West Prussia
#
Rosenberg (1818-1945), based in Rosenberg in West Prussia
#
Schlochau (1818-1945), based in
Schlochau
# (1818-1920), based in
Schwetz
# (1818-1920; 1939-1945), based in Strasburg in West Prussia
#
Stuhm (1818-1945), based in
Stuhm
# (1818-1920; 1939-1945), based in
Thorn
# (1875-1920; 1939-1945), based in
Tuchel
Regional presidents
Each of the nineteen ''Regierungsbezirke'' featured a non-
legislative
A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government.
Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known ...
governing body
A governing body is a group of people that has the authority to exercise governance over an organization or political entity. The most formal is a government, a body whose sole responsibility and authority is to make binding decisions in a taken ...
called a ''Regierungspräsidium'' or ''Bezirksregierung'' (regional government) headed by a ''Regierungspräsident'' (regional president), concerned mostly with applying
state
State may refer to:
Arts, entertainment, and media Literature
* ''State Magazine'', a monthly magazine published by the U.S. Department of State
* ''The State'' (newspaper), a daily newspaper in Columbia, South Carolina, United States
* ''Our S ...
law to administrative decisions on municipalities within their jurisdiction and their umbrella organisations (the
districts).
Regional Governments in France, Germany, Poland and The Netherlands (HTML version of PowerPoint presentation)
– Cachet, A (coordinator), Erasmus University, Rotterdam
Rotterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Rotte'') is the second largest city and municipality in the Netherlands. It is in the province of South Holland, part of the North Sea mouth of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta, via the ''"Ne ...
* 1814–1823 : (1775–1843)
* 1823–1825 : Johann Carl Rothe (1771–1853)
* 1825–1830 : Eduard von Flottwell (1786–1865)
* 1830–1850 : (1785–1854)
* 1850–1875 : Botho Heinrich zu Eulenburg (1804–1879)
* 1875–1881 : (1829–1909)
* 1881–1891 : (1832–1904)
* 1891–1901 : (1833–1911)
* 1901–1905 : (1853–1930)
* 1905–1920 : (1858–1931)
* 1939–1945 :
Literature
* Michael Rademacher:
Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte Preußen, Provinz Westpreußen
'' (2006)
* E. Jacobson: ''Topographisch-statistisches Handbuch für den Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder'', Danzig 1868
Online, Google
.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Marienwerder (region)
States and territories disestablished in 1945
West Prussia
Government regions of Prussia
States and territories established in 1815
1815 establishments in Prussia
1920 disestablishments in Germany
1939 establishments in Germany
1945 disestablishments in Germany