Maria Lorena Barros
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Maria Lorena Barros (March 18, 1948 – March 24, 1976) founded the Malayang Kilusan ng Bagong Kababaihan (Free Movement of New Women) or MAKIBAKA, a militant women's organization shortly before the Martial Law. When Martial Law was declared, she went underground, was later captured and was a top political prisoner. She escaped to the countryside as a guerrilla fighter and was killed during a military ambush at 28 years old.


Birth, Childhood and Education

Maria Lorena Morelos Barros was born on March 18, 1948. Her father was Romeo Barros. Her mother Alicia Morelos was secretary of the family corporation and an assistant to the owner of a movie house. Lorena grew up with her mother, maternal grandfather and aunts in a modest home. Her family valued education and proper manners. Lorena Barros studied until Grade II at the Instituto de Mujeres (Academy for Women) and finished grade school at St. Joseph's College. She was described as an inquisitive, conscientious and affectionate child. She was among the top students in her school. At a young age, Laurie, as she was affectionately called, was an early reader. The love for literature and learning was cultivated by her mother early on. Since Lorena was an only child, her mother would buy her books so that she would not be lonely. Lorena enrolled in the Far Eastern University (FEU) Girls High School, this time as a scholar. She was active in many extra-curricular activities: director of the school play, member of the Gymnastics Team, President of the Junior Red Cross and the Student Catholic Action-FEU Chapter. She was managing editor of the school newspaper, the Advocate and had her column “Margin Notes”. Among her pseudonyms were Malo, Lio Marea and Malachi. She was awarded the gold medal for Creative Writing and graduated from high school as Honorable Mention.


College

On July 21, 1965, Lorena enrolled at th
University of the Philippines (UP) Diliman
initially taking Bachelor of Science in biochemistry. Her mother insisted in that Lorena take up this course since she felt that taking a degree in the arts would be too easy for her, so she had to “conquer her waterloo”, which was Math. Alicia wanted to have a doctor or a chemist in the family. However, Lorena wanted to become a writer. Bored, Lorena rebutted her mother by telling her that she has become insomniac because she had slept through all of her Math and Science subjects. Lorena wanted to take up Anthropology since she believed that “You can’t really take up the present without going to the past.” Furthermore, in an interview with Lorna Kalaw-Tirol, she said, “My concept of commitment then was in terms of research. I wanted to use my training in Anthropology to do some real research on Philippine society”. Lorena had serious disagreements with her mother and would rebel by running away from home. Eventually, her mother relented and Lorena shifted to BA Anthropology after three semesters during the Academic Year 1967–1968. She got high grades and made it to the honor roll, became a College Scholar during that semester and a University Scholar after one year. In addition, Lorena would join different organizations, such as the UP Anthropology Society and the UP Writer's Club, becoming its secretary in November 1969. Very sociable in nature, her mother used to call her a “social butterfly”. She would go out with friends to watch movies and listen to music, sometimes staying outside concerts because they could not afford to buy tickets. Lorena would have disagreements with her mother because she imposed a curfew, and thus Lorena called herself Cinderella, always home by midnight. Lorena's mother was also overprotective and even inspected the Basement, a canteen located at the basement of the Arts and Science building in the University of the Philippines, where Lorena and the other students would hang out. In spite of these disagreements, Lorena helped her family who was in “genteel poverty” by working for Diliman Review, the academic journal of the University of the Philippines Diliman. Even if she received a salary of 200 pesos a month, Lorena would save her money by spending only 25 cents a day—5 cents by eating banana-q (with 3 pieces of bananas on a stick) for lunch, walking part-way from home to school, and catching a bus that would take her to UP for 10 cents. However, she retained her poise and gracefulness of manner, and thus, Lorena had many suitors. As a member—and later officer—of the UP Writers’ Club, Lorena was then writing “exquisite poetry” in English. Her works were published in magazines and in the
Philippine Collegian The ''Philippine Collegian'' is the official weekly student publication of the University of the Philippines Diliman. It is also commonly known to the university's students as ''Kulê'' (). It is known for its radical, national democratic, often ...
, the official student publication of the University of the Philippines. Among he
poems
were “Documentary of a War”, “Poem to Han-shan”, “A Park is Born”, “There is a new scavenger”, “The Swingles Came to Town”, “You are Lord” and “Strike”. During this time, Lorena was reading the works of French existentialists like
Jean Paul Sartre Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre (, ; ; 21 June 1905 – 15 April 1980) was one of the key figures in the philosophy of existentialism (and phenomenology), a French playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and litera ...
and
Simone de Beauvoir Simone Lucie Ernestine Marie Bertrand de Beauvoir (, ; ; 9 January 1908 – 14 April 1986) was a French existentialist philosopher, writer, social theorist, and feminist activist. Though she did not consider herself a philosopher, and even th ...
, the Eurasian
Han Suyin Rosalie Matilda Kuanghu Chou (; 12 September 1917 or 1916 – 2 November 2012) was a Chinese-born Eurasian physician and author better known by her pen name Han Suyin (). She wrote in English and French on modern China, set her novels in East an ...
, the anti-imperialist
Bertrand Russell Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British mathematician, philosopher, logician, and public intellectual. He had a considerable influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, linguistics, ...
; Philippine nationalists such as
Claro M. Recto Claro Mayo Recto Jr. (born Claro Recto y Mayo; February 8, 1890 – October 2, 1960) was a Filipino politician, jurist, and poet. He is remembered for his nationalism, for "the impact of his patriotic convictions on modern political though ...
,
Lorenzo Tanada Lorenzo may refer to: People * Lorenzo (name) Places Peru * San Lorenzo Island (Peru), sometimes referred to as the island of Lorenzo United States * Lorenzo, Illinois * Lorenzo, Texas * San Lorenzo, California, formerly Lorenzo * Lorenzo State ...
,
Renato Constantino Renato Constantino (March 10, 1919 – September 15, 1999) was a Filipino historian known for being part of the leftist tradition of Philippine historiography. Apart from being a historian, Constantino was also engaged in foreign service, working ...
and
Teodoro Agoncillo Teodoro Andal Agoncillo (November 9, 1912 – January 14, 1985) was a prominent 20th-century Filipino historian. He and his contemporary Renato Constantino were among the first Filipino historians renowned for promoting a distinctly nationalist ...
; and the revolutionary
Karl Marx Karl Heinrich Marx (; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German philosopher, economist, historian, sociologist, political theorist, journalist, critic of political economy, and socialist revolutionary. His best-known titles are the 1848 ...
and
Mao Zedong Mao Zedong pronounced ; also romanised traditionally as Mao Tse-tung. (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC) ...
. This, and the political events of the time, would lead to her political awakening.


Growing Political Involvement and the Founding of MAKIBAKA

At around this time, the tense political events in the Philippines would eventually lead to
Martial Law Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civil functions or suspension of civil law by a government, especially in response to an emergency where civil forces are overwhelmed, or in an occupied territory. Use Marti ...
, which also saw the rise of the student movement and the
national democratic This article presents the historical development and role of political parties in Ukrainian politics, and outlines more extensively the significant modern political parties since Ukraine gained independence in 1991. Overview Ukraine has a mult ...
movement. Alicia Morelos was afraid that her daughter's growing politicization and involvement in the student movement in the
University of the Philippines The University of the Philippines (UP; fil, Pamantasan ng Pilipinas Unibersidad ng Pilipinas) is a state university system in the Philippines. It is the country's national university, as mandated by Republic Act No. 9500 (UP Charter of 200 ...
(which was a hotbed for activism) would turn her into a communist. True enough, Lorena joined the SDK or the Samahan ng Demokratikong Kabataan (Association of Democratic Youth), an activist, anti-imperialist and national democratic youth organization. During the
First Quarter Storm The First Quarter Storm ( fil, Sigwa ng Unang Sangkapat), often shortened into the acronym FQS, was a period of civil unrest in the Philippines which took place during the "first quarter of the year 1970". It included a series of demonstrations, ...
in 1970, which was characterized by anti-Marcos protests led by student demonstrations that were violently dispersed by the police, Lorena would be in the forefront of the struggle. At this time, she wrote mostly in Filipino, in order to be understood by the masses. When she graduated from the University of the Philippines with cum laude honors on April 11, 1970, she joined the protest action held by the graduating students—who were dressed in togas but carrying placards and wearing red armbands—against the colonial and bourgeois character of Philippine education. As an honor student, she protested against the exorbitant fees charged by the international honor society of
Phi Beta Kappa The Phi Beta Kappa Society () is the oldest academic honor society in the United States, and the most prestigious, due in part to its long history and academic selectivity. Phi Beta Kappa aims to promote and advocate excellence in the liberal a ...
and wrote that “True honor comes from the people”. When the police attempted to seize the University of the Philippines campus during the Diliman Commune, Lorena was among the students who barricaded the campus and threw stones at the gun-toting policemen. In April 1970, MAKIBAKA or the Malayang Samahan ng Bagong Kababaihan (Free Movement of New Women) was established, with Lorena as the founding chair. Prior to MAKIBAKA, both the
Kabataang Makabayan Kabataang Makabayan ("Patriotic Youth"), also known by the acronym KM, is an underground communist youth organization in the Philippines which was active from 1964 to 1975. It was banned by the Philippine government in 1972 when then-President ...
or KM (Nationalist Youth—another anti-imperialist and national democratic youth organization) and the SDK had a women's bureau, namely the SDK-WOC (Women's Organization Committee) and the KM Women's desk. Initially, the need for establishing a women's organization separate from the SDK and the KM was questioned, saying that such an organization would divide the ranks. However, Lorena clarified the ideological line, saying that a woman's organization would specifically address the women's issues in a semi-feudal, semi-colonial and patriarchal Philippine society. Through MAKIBAKA, the women's struggle had become more ideological than their precursors, in that they fought not only Marcos, but sought to redress the
structural inequality Structural inequality occurs when the fabric of organizations, institutions, governments or social networks contains an embedded bias which provides advantages for some members and marginalizes or produces disadvantages for other members. This can ...
in Philippine society—that of
imperialism Imperialism is the state policy, practice, or advocacy of extending power and dominion, especially by direct territorial acquisition or by gaining political and economic control of other areas, often through employing hard power (economic and ...
,
feudalism Feudalism, also known as the feudal system, was the combination of the legal, economic, military, cultural and political customs that flourished in medieval Europe between the 9th and 15th centuries. Broadly defined, it was a way of structur ...
and bureaucrat capitalism. The foundation of MAKIBAKA was important because it articulated the women's question within the broader framework of national and class oppression. In addition, it helped organize women within the ranks of the revolutionary forces. Their first major activity was the protest of the
Binibining Pilipinas Binibining Pilipinas (abbreviated as Bb. Pilipinas; ) is a national beauty pageant in the Philippines that selects Filipina representatives to compete in one of the Big Four international beauty pageants: Miss International and selects two ot ...
or the Miss Philippines Beauty Pageant held at the Araneta Coliseum on April 18, 1970. Among their other activities were the picket of the UP Corps of Sponsor to protest the militarization of the campus, the establishment of the National Democratic Nursery and the Mothers’ Corps and the support for the worker's strike at the US Tobacco Corporation. They also held teach-ins and discussion groups wherein they discussed national and women's issues, visited political prisoners, paid homage to revolutionary martyrs, and rallied against the high prices. During this time, Lorena was writin
essays and short articles
on the women's situation and the emancipation of women.


Incarceration during Martial Law and Escape

In an underground ceremony in 1970, Lorena married Felix Rivera, a member of the KM and a top graduate of the
Arellano High School Cayetano Arellano High School, otherwise known as Manila North High School, is a public secondary school located along Teodora Alonzo Street, Santa Cruz, Manila, Philippines. It is one of the oldest public schools in Manila. History The first A ...
, where he was editor-in-chief of the school paper. He was also a former Political Science Student at the University of the Philippines. However, Felix was killed in 1971 in San Agustin, Isabela as a guerrilla fighter of the New People's Army (NPA), the armed wing of the Communist Party of the Philippines. Even if saddened by the death of her husband, she tried to control her feelings and channeled it towards her poetry, particularly in the poem “Sampaguita”. Later that year, she joined the NPA immersion program in Isabela, and there she met Ramon Sanchez, her former professor who then became the NPA commander in that area. The two were married. Lorena returned to the city and went underground because the activists foresaw that the tense political developments would lead to Martial Law. The
Writ of Habeas Corpus ''Habeas corpus'' (; from Medieval Latin, ) is a recourse in law through which a person can report an unlawful detention or imprisonment to a court and request that the court order the custodian of the person, usually a prison official, t ...
was suspended in August 1971, which meant that arrest without a warrant was legal, and Lorena's name was among those included in the list of activists to be detained. On September 21, 1972,
Martial Law Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civil functions or suspension of civil law by a government, especially in response to an emergency where civil forces are overwhelmed, or in an occupied territory. Use Marti ...
was declared, which curtailed freedom of speech, banned group discussions, public assemblies and cultural activities, sequestered the businesses of Marcos’ rivals, raided the homes, and illegally detained people. During this time, Lorena was seven months pregnant and was underground, meaning that she has to hide in the city and secretly move from one house to another. On November 24, 1972, her son Ramon Emiliano Sanchez was born. Because she was constantly fleeing the police, it was difficult to move around with the baby: one rainy night, when her safe house was raided, Lorena was running with her baby in her arms and jumped from a seven-foot-fence. Fortunately, the neighbor took pity on them and hid them in their homes. She left her son with her aunt Lilian Morelos and in August 1973, she joined her husband when she was sent to Bicol as a political instructor. In October 1973, Lorena, then pregnant, was captured by the military in
Sorsogon Sorsogon, officially the Province of Sorsogon (Bikol language, Bikol: ''Probinsya kan Sorsogon''; Waray language, Waray: ''Probinsya han Sorsogon''; tl, Lalawigan ng Sorsogon), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines locat ...
, was interrogated and tortured. Because of this, she suffered a miscarriage. A top political prisoner, Lorena was detained in Canlubang and later in Ipil Rehabilitation Center in Fort Bonifacio. During this time, Lorena also learned that Ramon surrendered and led the military to the guerrilla zone. Although saddened by Ramon's betrayal, Lorena was determined and declared, “I will pick up the gun you have put down”. Compared to the other prisons, the Ipil Rehabilitation Center was relatively comfortable and her family was able to visit her often. Nonetheless, the prisoners planned to escape by digging their way out of the building. On November 1, 1975, Lorena was able to escape. Lorena then resumed her revolutionary activities in the mountains of
Quezon Quezon, officially the Province of Quezon ( tl, Lalawigan ng Quezon), is a Provinces of the Philippines, province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon Regions of the Philippines, region on Luzon. Kalilayan was the first known name of th ...
province. There, she met Eliseo Miranda and they were supposed to be married; however, he was killed en route to meet Lorena's family.


Death

At dawn on March 24, 1976, the military tracked down the hut where Lorena was staying. On guard, Lorena fired before her gun jammed. Wounded in the head and the body, Lorena ran away but the military was able to follow her. Some accounts say that she died in a military stretcher on the way to the camp, while other accounts said that a soldier fired her on the nape. Her corpse was subject to much indignity, with the soldiers insensitively commenting on her beautiful legs and a movie crew taking pictures beside her corpse. A huge sum was needed for her family to claim her body; friends from MAKIBAKA helped in raising funds. Her wake was in a funeral in Sta. Cruz, and a memorial was done in the University of the Philippines Chapel. She was buried in La Loma Cemetery.


Legacy

Lorena is seen as a symbol of the women's movement—with her strength and courage inspiring women. Countless poems, songs and plays are written in her honor. Lilia Quindoza Santiago in her book ''In the Name of the Mother'' writes, “Barros is now a symbol of poet, warrior, lover, woman. Many young women writers derive inspiration from her writings, principles and struggle; her name is often mentioned in meetings of women members of the movement.” Two of the plays that was staged in her honor is the monologue “Lorena” written by
Lualhati Bautista Lualhati Torres Bautista (born December 2, 1945) is a Filipina writer, novelist, liberal activist and political critic. Her most popular novels include '' Dekada '70''; '' Bata, Bata, Pa'no Ka Ginawa?''; and '' ‘GAPÔ''. Biography Bautista was ...
and performed by Dessa Quesada in the 1980s; and the musical "Lorena" by Joi Barrios, both of which were based on Lorena's life and the letters written to her mother and fellow activists. Another was the pla
“Ang mga Lorena”
which was staged by the youth cultural group Sinagbayan at the University of the Philippines Diliman in December 2008. In this play, her story is intertwined to that of UP student activists Karen Empeno and Sherlyn Cadapan, who were abducted by military personnel in June 2006 and still remain missing until today. Among the poems dedicated to her are E. San Juan's “Ang Tagumpay Ni Maria Lorena Barros” (“The Victory of Lorena Barros”) (1983) and “Maria Lorena Barros, Pumuputol Sa Alambre’t Rehas” (“Maria Lorena Barros, who cuts the wires and the prison bars”) ( written in 2009) and Bienvenido Lumbera's "Ang mga Loren

“The Lorenas”). The song composed by the activist singers Protest song#Philippines, Inang Laya mentions her name as one of the women heroes (along with
Gabriela Silang María Josefa Gabriela Cariño de Silang (; 19 March 1731 – 20 September 1763) was a Filipino military leader best known for her role as the female leader of the Ilocano independence movement from Spain. She took over from her second husband ...
,
Teresa Magbanua Teresa Magbanua y Ferraris (October 13, 1868 – August 1947), better known as Teresa Magbanua and dubbed as the "Visayan Joan of Arc", was a Filipino schoolteacher and military leader. Born in Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines, she retired from edu ...
,
Tandang Sora Melchora Aquino de Ramos (January 6, 1812 – February 19, 1919) was a Filipino revolutionary. She became known as "Tandang Sora" because of her age during the Philippine Revolution. She was known as the "Grand Woman of the Revolution" and ...
, Liza Ballando and
Liliosa Hilao Aurelius and Natalie (died 852) were Christian martyrs who were put to death during the reign of Abd ar-Rahman II, Emir of Córdoba, and are counted among the Martyrs of Córdoba. Aurelius was the son of a Muslim father and a Christian mother. ...
) who have fought in the revolution. In the University of the Philippines, the Lorena Barros Hall in Vinzons’ Hall—the student activity center in the university—was named in her honor. She is also among the 298 revolutionary heroes and martyrs honored on the
Bantayog ng mga Bayani The Bantayog ng mga Bayani (), sometimes simply referred to as the Bantayog, is a monument, museum, and historical research center in Quezon City, Philippines, which honors the martyrs and heroes of the struggle against the dictatorship of for ...
Wall of Remembrance, which lists the names of the activists who were killed, disappeared or who fought during the Marcos dictatorship. Because of MAKIBAKA, of which Lorena Barros was the founding chair, several women's groups were formed that would protest against the Martial Law and would seek to address the structural inequalities of the Philippines and mobilize women, particularly from the grassroots. MAKIBAKA eventually evolved into
GABRIELA Gabriela may refer to: * Gabriela (given name), a Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian feminine given name * ''Gabriela'' (1942 film), a Czech film * ''Gabriela'' (1950 film), a German film * ''Gabriela'' (1983 film), a Brazilian film * ''Gabriela' ...
(General Assembly Binding Women for Reforms, Integrity, Equality, Leadership, and Action), a broad alliance of women's organizations, which was founded in April 1984 a year after the assassination of Benigno “Ninoy” Aquino Jr.br>GABRIELA
is an anti-imperialist grassroots-based women's organization that aims to liberate women through fighting for national sovereignty, democratic governance, land reform and basic services for the people; end militarization and discrimination among men and women; and build solidarity among international women's groups to fight “sexism, imperialism and militarism”.


Poems of Lorena Barros

*“Documentary of a War” ''Philippine Collegian''. 3 Apr. 1968. Rpt. In ''Sarilaya: Women in Arts and Media''. Eds. Sr. Mary John Mananzan, Ma. Asuncion Azcuna and Fe Mangahas. Manila: Institute of Women's Studies, 1989. 107–110. *“There is a new scavenger.” ''Philippine Collegian''. 29 Aug. 1968. *“The Swingles Came to Town.” ''Philippine Collegian''. 16 Jan. 1969. *“Awit Panalubong sa Turista ng mga Taga-Tanauan.” ''Philippine Collegian''. 27 Feb. 1969. *“Dalwampu’t Isa.” ''Philippine Collegian''. 3 Sept. 1969. *“A Park is Born.” ''Collegian Folio''. 1st Semester 1968–1969. Rpt. in ''In the Name of the Mother''. Ed. Lilia Quindoza Santiago. Quezon City: UP Press, 2002. 149. * “Sampaguita.” ''Ulos''. 1973. Rpt. in ''Kamao: Tula ng Protesta 1970–1986''. Eds. Alfrredo Salanga, et al. Manila: CCP, 1987. 94–95. *“Ipil is harder to bear.” ''Kamao: Tula ng Protesta 1970–1986''. Eds. Alfrredo Salanga, et al. Manila: CCP: 1987. 94–95. Rpt. in ''In the Name of the Mother''. Ed. Lilia Quindoza Santiago. Quezon City: UP Press, 2002. 335. *“Yesterday I had a talk.” ''Kamao: Tula ng Protesta 1970–1986''. Eds. Alfrredo Salanga, et al. Manila: CCP 1987. 96. Rpt. in ''In the Name of the Mother''. Ed. Lilia Quindoza Santiago. Quezon City: UP Press, 2002. *“Ina” From a letter dated to Alicia Morelos 23 July 1973. ''Six Young Filipino Martyrs''. Ed. Asuncion David Maramba. Pasig: Anvil, 1997.


References


Sources

*Aquino, Belinda. “Filipino Women and Political Engagement.” In ''More Pinay Than We Admit: The social construction of the Filipina.'' Ed. Luisa Camagay. Quezon City: Vibal Foundation, 2010. *Bernardo, Ramon M. “Lorena Barros: Walang Kamatayang Alamat ng Isang Makasaysayang Dekada.” ''Diliman Review'' 34.1 (1986): 16–24. *Gomez, Maita. “Ma. Lorena Barros: Gentle Warrior.” ''Six Young Filipino Martyrs''. Ed. Asuncion David Maramba. Pasig: Anvil, 1997. *Lacaba, Jose F. ''Days of Disquiet, Nights of Rage''. Pasig: Anvil, 2003. *Lanot, Marra PL. “The Filipinas Have Come and They’re Still Coming.” ''Essays on Women''. Ed. Sr. Mary John Mananzan. Manila: St. Scholastica's College, 1991. *“Lorena Barros: Women Warrior.” ''Philippine Collegian''. 20 Nov. 1997: 6. *Roa, Marcelle. “’Lorena’ and the Women of FQS.” ''Sarilaya: Women in Arts and Media''. Eds. Mary John Mananzan, Ma. Asuncion Azcuna, Fe Mangahas. Manila : Institute of Women's Studies, St. Scholastica's College, 1989. *Santiago, Lilia Quindoza. ''In the Name of the Mother: 100 Years of Philippine Feminist Poetry''. Quezon City: UP Press, 2002. *Taguiwalo, Judy. “Marching Under the Red and Purple Banner: Notes on the Contemporary Women’s Movement in the Philippines.” ''Laya'' 2.4 (1993): 34–43. *Zapanta-Manlapaz, Edna, ed. ''Songs of Ourselves: Writings by Filipino Women in English''. Pasig: Anvil, 1994.


External links

*http://remembering-lorenabarros.blogspot.sg/2011_01_30_archive.html Blog entry that contains her mother's testimonial of Lorena Barros. *http://remembering-lorenabarros.blogspot.sg/search?updated-min=2012-01-01T00:00:00-08:00&updated-max=2013-01-01T00:00:00-08:00&max-results=11 Blog entry of the essays, poems and eulogy of/for Lorena Barros. *http://redbrandog.wordpress.com/2009/09/20/the-formation-of-makibaka/ An article regarding the formation of MAKIBAKA written by Dr.
Judy Taguiwalo Judy is a short form of the name Judith. Judy may refer to: Places * Judy, Kentucky, village in Montgomery County, United States * Judy Woods, woodlands in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom Animals * Judy (dog) (1936–1950) ...
.

http://www.bantayog.org/node/231 Website of the ''Bantayog ng mga Bayani''. * *http://www.tagalogshortstories.net/sa-alaala-ni-maria-lorena-barros.html Webpage containing some poems of Lorena Barros and poems written in her honor. *http://bulatlat.com/main/2008/12/13/three-lorenas/ A review of the play loosely based on the life of Lorena Barros and the two UP students who were ''desaparecidos''. *http://gabriela_p.tripod.com/1-orgprofile/principles.html The webpage of GABRIELA. {{DEFAULTSORT:Barros, Maria Lorena 1948 births 1976 deaths Filipino women's rights activists People from Quezon Burials at La Loma Cemetery Marcos martial law victims Individuals honored at the Bantayog ng mga Bayani Marcos martial law prisoners jailed at Ipil Detention Center