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Margaret Theresa of Spain (, ; 12 July 1651 – 12 March 1673) was, by marriage to Leopold I,
Holy Roman Empress The Holy Roman Empress or Empress of the Holy Roman Empire (''Kaiserin des Heiligen Römischen Reiches'') was the wife or widow of the Holy Roman Emperor. The elective dignity of Holy Roman emperor was restricted to males only, but some empresse ...
, German Queen,
Archduchess of Austria The Archduchy of Austria (; ) was a major Princes of the Holy Roman Empire, principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the nucleus of the Habsburg monarchy. With its capital at Vienna, the archduchy was centered at the Empire's southeastern periph ...
and Queen of Hungary and
Bohemia Bohemia ( ; ; ) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. In a narrow, geographic sense, it roughly encompasses the territories of present-day Czechia that fall within the Elbe River's drainage basin, but historic ...
. She was the daughter of King
Philip IV of Spain Philip IV (, ; 8 April 160517 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: ''Rey Planeta''), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the ...
and the elder full-sister of Charles II, the last of the
Spanish Habsburg Habsburg Spain refers to Spain and the Hispanic Monarchy, also known as the Catholic Monarchy, in the period from 1516 to 1700 when it was ruled by kings from the House of Habsburg. In this period the Spanish Empire was at the zenith of its in ...
s. She is the central figure in the famous ''
Las Meninas ) is a 1656 painting in the Museo del Prado in Madrid, by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Baroque painting, Spanish Baroque. It has become one of the most widely analyzed works in Western painting for the way its complex a ...
'' by
Diego Velázquez Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (baptised 6 June 15996 August 1660) was a Spanish painter, the leading artist in the Noble court, court of King Philip IV of Spain, Philip IV of Spain and Portugal, and of the Spanish Golden Age. He i ...
, and the subject of many of his later paintings.


Biography


Early years

Margaret Theresa was born on 12 July 1651 in
Madrid Madrid ( ; ) is the capital and List of largest cities in Spain, most populous municipality of Spain. It has almost 3.5 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 7 million. It i ...
as the first child of King
Philip IV of Spain Philip IV (, ; 8 April 160517 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: ''Rey Planeta''), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the ...
born from his second marriage with his niece Mariana of Austria. Margaret's mother was nearly thirty years younger than her father. Margaret's paternal grandparents were King
Philip III of Spain Philip III (; 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain and King of Portugal, Portugal (where he is known as Philip II of Portugal) during the Iberian Union. His reign lasted from 1598 until his death in 1621. He held dominion over the S ...
and his wife Archduchess Margaret of Austria. Her maternal grandparents were
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III (Ferdinand Ernest; 13 July 1608 – 2 April 1657) was Archduke of Austria, Kingdom of Hungary, King of Hungary and Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg), Croatia from 1625, Kingdom of Bohemia, King of Bohemia from 1627 and Holy Roman Emper ...
and his wife Infanta
Maria Anna of Spain Maria Anna of Spain (18 August 160613 May 1646)Martin Mutschlechner: ''Philip IV: marriage and offspring'' in: habsburger.net
etrieved 27 October 2016 The marriage of her parents was purely made for political reasons, mainly the search for a new male heir for the Spanish throne after the early death of Balthasar Charles, Prince of Asturias in 1646. Besides him, the other only surviving child of Philip IV's first marriage was the Infanta
Maria Theresa Maria Theresa (Maria Theresia Walburga Amalia Christina; 13 May 1717 – 29 November 1780) was the ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 1740 until her death in 1780, and the only woman to hold the position suo jure, in her own right. She was the ...
, who later became the wife of King
Louis XIV LouisXIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His verified reign of 72 years and 110 days is the List of longest-reign ...
of France. After Margaret, between 1655 and 1661, four more children (a daughter and three sons) were born from the marriage between Philip IV and Mariana of Austria, but only one survived infancy, the future King
Charles II of Spain Charles II (6 November 1661 – 1 November 1700) was King of Spain from 1665 to 1700. The last monarch from the House of Habsburg, which had ruled Spain since 1516, he died without an heir, leading to a European Great Power conflict over the succ ...
. Despite the close
consanguinity Consanguinity (from Latin '':wikt: consanguinitas, consanguinitas'' 'blood relationship') is the characteristic of having a kinship with a relative who is descended from a common ancestor. Many jurisdictions have laws prohibiting people who are ...
of her parents, Margaret did not develop the serious health issues and disabilities that her younger brother had shown since his birth. During her childhood, she was once seriously ill, but survived. According to contemporaries, Margaret had an attractive appearance and lively character. Her parents and close friends called her the "little angel". She grew up in the queen's chambers in the Royal Alcazar of Madrid surrounded by many maids and servants. Both Margaret's father and maternal grandfather Emperor Ferdinand III loved her deeply. In his private letters King Philip IV called her "my joy". At the same time, Margaret was brought up in accordance with the strict etiquette of the Madrid court, and received a good education.


Betrothal and marriage

In the second half of the 1650s at the imperial court in
Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...
the necessity developed for another dynastic marriage between the Spanish and Austrian branches of the
House of Habsburg The House of Habsburg (; ), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most powerful Dynasty, dynasties in the history of Europe and Western civilization. They were best known for their inbreeding and for ruling vast realms throughout ...
. The union was needed to strengthen the position of both countries, especially against the
Kingdom of France The Kingdom of France is the historiographical name or umbrella term given to various political entities of France in the Middle Ages, medieval and Early modern France, early modern period. It was one of the most powerful states in Europe from th ...
. At first the proposals were for Maria Theresa, the eldest daughter of Philip IV, to marry the heir of the Holy Roman Empire, Archduke Leopold Ignaz. But in 1660 and under the terms of the
Treaty of the Pyrenees The Treaty of the Pyrenees(; ; ) was signed on 7 November 1659 and ended the Franco-Spanish War that had begun in 1635. Negotiations were conducted and the treaty was signed on Pheasant Island, situated in the middle of the Bidasoa River on ...
, Maria Theresa was married to the French King,
Louis XIV LouisXIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His verified reign of 72 years and 110 days is the List of longest-reign ...
; as a part of her marriage contract, she was asked to renounce her claims to the Spanish throne in return for a monetary settlement as part of her dowry, which was never paid. Then began discussion about a marriage between Margaret and the Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I (who was her maternal uncle and paternal cousin). However, the Madrid court hesitated to agree to this proposal, because the infanta could inherit the Spanish crown if her little brother died. Nevertheless, both King Philip IV and Queen Mariana wanted their daughter to marry Emperor Leopold I, as their private correspondence with the nun Sor María de Ágreda shows. The count of Fuensaldaña, Spanish ambassador in France, suggested the infanta as a possible bride for King
Charles II of England Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and King of Ireland, Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. Charles II was the eldest su ...
. However, King Philip IV rejected this idea, replying that the King of England should look for a wife in France. In October 1662, the new Imperial ambassador in Spain, Count Francis Eusebius of Pötting, began one of his main diplomatic assignments, which was the celebration of the marriage between the infanta and the emperor. Negotiations by the Spanish side were led by Ramiro Núñez de Guzmán, Duke of Medina de las Torres. On 6 April 1663, the betrothal between Margaret and Leopold I was finally announced. The marriage contract was signed on 18 December. Before the official wedding ceremony (which, according to custom, had to take place in Vienna) another portrait of the infanta was sent, in order for the emperor to know his bride. King Philip IV died on 17 September 1665. In his will, he did not mention Margaret's betrothal; in fact, the context in which the document was prepared suggests that the late monarch still hesitated to marry his daughter to his Austrian relative because he sought to ensure her rights as sole ruler of the Spanish crown in case of the extinction of his male line. Mariana of Austria, now Dowager Queen and Regent of the kingdom on behalf of her minor son Charles II, delayed the wedding of her daughter. The marriage was agreed upon only after intense Imperial diplomatic efforts. On 25 April 1666, the marriage by proxy was finally celebrated in Madrid, in a ceremony attended not only by the Dowager Queen, King Charles II and the Imperial ambassador but also by the local nobility; the groom was represented by Antonio de la Cerda, 7th Duke of Medinaceli.A. Rodríguez Villa: ''Dos viajes regios (1679–1666)'', Boletín de la Real Academia de la Historia 1903 N° 42, pp. 369–381. On 28 April 1666 Margaret traveled from Madrid to Vienna, accompanied by her personal retinue. The infanta arrived at
Dénia Dénia (; ) is a historical coastal city in the province of Alicante, Spain, on the Costa Blanca halfway between Alicante and Valencia (city in Spain), Valencia, and the capital and judicial seat of the Comarques of the Valencian Community, ''c ...
, where she rested for some days before embarking on the Spanish royal fleet on 16 July, in turn escorted by ships of the
Order of Malta The Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM), officially the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta, and commonly known as the Order of Malta or the Knights of Malta, is a Catholic Church, Cathol ...
and the
Grand Duchy of Tuscany The Grand Duchy of Tuscany (; ) was an Italian monarchy located in Central Italy that existed, with interruptions, from 1569 to 1860, replacing the Republic of Florence. The grand duchy's capital was Florence. In the 19th century the population ...
. Then (after a short stop in Barcelona because Margaret had some health issues) the cortege sailed to the port of
Finale Ligure Finale Ligure (, locally ; ) is a ''comune'' on the Gulf of Genoa, in the province of Savona, in Liguria, Italy. It is considered part of the Italian Riviera. Part of its historical center ("Finalborgo") is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("Th ...
, arriving on 20 August. There, Margaret was received by Luis Guzman Ponce de Leon, Governor of
Milan Milan ( , , ; ) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, the largest city in Italy by urban area and the List of cities in Italy, second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of nea ...
. The cortege left Finale on 1 September and arrived in
Milan Milan ( , , ; ) is a city in northern Italy, regional capital of Lombardy, the largest city in Italy by urban area and the List of cities in Italy, second-most-populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of nea ...
ten days later, although the official entry was not celebrated until 15 September. After spending almost all September in Milan, the infanta continued the journey through
Venice Venice ( ; ; , formerly ) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto Regions of Italy, region. It is built on a group of 118 islands that are separated by expanses of open water and by canals; portions of the city are li ...
, arriving in early October in
Trento Trento ( or ; Ladin language, Ladin and ; ; ; ; ; ), also known in English as Trent, is a city on the Adige, Adige River in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol in Italy. It is the capital of the Trentino, autonomous province of Trento. In the 16th ...
. At every stop Margaret received celebrations in her honor. On 8 October the Spanish retinue arrived at the city of Roveredo, where the head of Margaret's cortege, Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 8th Duke of Alburquerque officially handed the infanta to Ferdinand Joseph, Prince of Dietrichstein and Count
Ernst Adalbert von Harrach Count Ernst Adalbert of Harrach (; ; 4 November 1598 – 25 October 1667) was an Austrians, Austrian Catholic Cardinal (Catholicism), Cardinal who was appointed Archbishop of Prague and Prince-Bishopric of Trent, Prince-Bishop of Trento. Life Ear ...
, Prince-Bishop of Trent, representants of Leopold I. On 20 October the new Austrian cortege left Roveredo, crossing the
Tyrol Tyrol ( ; historically the Tyrole; ; ) is a historical region in the Alps of Northern Italy and western Austria. The area was historically the core of the County of Tyrol, part of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary, f ...
, through
Carinthia Carinthia ( ; ; ) is the southernmost and least densely populated States of Austria, Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The Lake Wolayer is a mountain lake on the Carinthian side of the Carnic Main ...
and
Styria Styria ( ; ; ; ) is an Austrian Federal states of Austria, state in the southeast of the country. With an area of approximately , Styria is Austria's second largest state, after Lower Austria. It is bordered to the south by Slovenia, and cloc ...
, and arrived on 25 November at the district of Schottwien, twelve miles from Vienna where the emperor came to receive his bride.


Holy Roman Empress and German Queen

The infanta formally entered
Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...
on 5 December 1666. The official marriage ceremony was celebrated seven days later. The Viennese celebrations of the imperial marriage were among the most splendid of all the
Baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...
era, and lasted almost two years. The emperor ordered the construction of an open-air theatre near the present Burggarten, with a capacity of 5,000 people. For Margaret's birthday in July 1668, the theatre hosted the premiere of the opera ''
Il pomo d'oro ''Il pomo d'oro'' (''The Golden Apple'') is an opera in a prologue and five acts by the Italy, Italian composer Antonio Cesti with a libretto by Francesco Sbarra (1611-1668). It was first performed before the imperial court in a specially constr ...
'' (The Golden Apple). Composed by Antonio Cesti, the opera was called the "staging of the century" by contemporaries due to its magnificence and expense. The year before, the emperor gave an equestrian ballet where he personally mounted on his horse, Speranza; due to technical adaptations, the ballet gave spectators the impression that horses and carriages were hovering in the air. Despite the age difference, Leopold I's unattractive appearance and Margaret's health problems, according to contemporaries they had a happy marriage. The empress always called her husband "Uncle" (de: ''Onkel''), and he called her "Gretl" (a German diminutive of Margaret).Bernhard Kathan: ''Frühe Gebärmaschinen'' in: hiddenmuseum.net
etrieved 28 October 2016 The couple had many common interests, especially in art and music.Alfred A. Strnad: ''Margarethe (Margarita Maria Teresa), Infantin von Spanien'' in: deutsche-biographie.de
etrieved 28 October 2016 During her six years of marriage, Margaret gave birth to four children, of whom only one survived infancy: * Ferdinand Wenceslaus Joseph Michael Eleazar (28 September 1667 – 13 January 1668),
Archduke of Austria Archduke (feminine: Archduchess; German: ''Erzherzog'', feminine form: ''Erzherzogin'') was the title borne from 1358 by the Habsburg rulers of the Archduchy of Austria, and later by all senior members of that dynasty. It denotes a rank within ...
. Theodor Berger: ''Die Durchläuchtige Welt, Oder: Kurtzgefaßte Genealogische ...'', Vol. 1
etrieved 28 October 2016 * Maria Antonia Josepha Benedicta Rosalia Petronella (18 January 1669 – 24 December 1692),
Archduchess of Austria The Archduchy of Austria (; ) was a major Princes of the Holy Roman Empire, principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the nucleus of the Habsburg monarchy. With its capital at Vienna, the archduchy was centered at the Empire's southeastern periph ...
, who inherited her mother's claims to the Spanish throne, married
Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria Maximilian II (11 July 1662 – 26 February 1726), also known as Max Emanuel or Maximilian Emanuel, was a Wittelsbach ruler of Electorate of Bavaria, Bavaria and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire. He was also the last governor of the Spani ...
and was the mother of
Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria Joseph Ferdinand Leopold of Bavaria (28 October 1692 – 6 February 1699) was the son of Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (1679–1705, 1714–1726) and his first wife, Maria Antonia of Austria, daughter of Leopold I, Holy Roman Empero ...
. * John Leopold (born and died 20 February 1670),
Archduke of Austria Archduke (feminine: Archduchess; German: ''Erzherzog'', feminine form: ''Erzherzogin'') was the title borne from 1358 by the Habsburg rulers of the Archduchy of Austria, and later by all senior members of that dynasty. It denotes a rank within ...
. * Maria Anna Josepha Antonia Apollonia Scholastica (9 February 1672 – 23 February 1672),
Archduchess of Austria The Archduchy of Austria (; ) was a major Princes of the Holy Roman Empire, principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the nucleus of the Habsburg monarchy. With its capital at Vienna, the archduchy was centered at the Empire's southeastern periph ...
. The empress reportedly inspired her husband to expel the Jews from Vienna, because she believed that they were to blame for her children's deaths. During the Corpus Christi celebration of 1670, the emperor ordered the destruction of the Vienna synagogue and a church was built on the site on his orders. Even after her marriage, Margaret kept her Spanish customs and ways. Surrounded almost exclusively by her native retinue (which included secretaries, confessors, and doctors), she loved Spanish music and ballets and therefore hardly learned the German language.


Death

Weakened due to six pregnancies in six years (four living childbirths and two miscarriages) and four months into her seventh pregnancy, Margaret died on 12 March 1673, at the age of 21. She was buried in the
Imperial Crypt The Imperial Crypt (), also called the Capuchin Crypt (''Kapuzinergruft''), is a burial chamber beneath the Capuchin Church and monastery in Vienna, Austria. It was founded in 1618 and dedicated in 1632, and located on the Neuer Markt square of ...
, in
Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...
. Only four months later, the widower emperor – despite his grief for the death of his "only Margareta" (as he remembered her) – entered into a second marriage with Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Austria, member of the Tyrolese branch of the House of Habsburg. After Margaret's death, her rights over the Spanish throne were inherited by her only surviving daughter Maria Antonia, who in turn passed them to her only surviving son Prince Joseph Ferdinand of Bavaria when she died in 1692. After Joseph Ferdinand's early death in 1699, the rights of inheritance were disputed by both Emperor Leopold I and King Louis XIV of France, son-in-law of King Philip IV. The outcome of the
War of the Spanish Succession The War of the Spanish Succession was a European great power conflict fought between 1701 and 1714. The immediate cause was the death of the childless Charles II of Spain in November 1700, which led to a struggle for control of the Spanish E ...
was the creation of the Spanish branch of the
House of Bourbon The House of Bourbon (, also ; ) is a dynasty that originated in the Kingdom of France as a branch of the Capetian dynasty, the royal House of France. Bourbon kings first ruled France and Kingdom of Navarre, Navarre in the 16th century. A br ...
in the person of King Philip V, Margaret's great-nephew.


Depictions in art

Shortly before the birth of Margaret, painter
Diego Velázquez Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (baptised 6 June 15996 August 1660) was a Spanish painter, the leading artist in the Noble court, court of King Philip IV of Spain, Philip IV of Spain and Portugal, and of the Spanish Golden Age. He i ...
returned to the Spanish court in Madrid. From 1653 to 1659 a series of portraits of the infanta were painted. Three of them – " Infanta Margarita Teresa in a Pink Dress" (1653), '' Infanta Margarita in a White and Silver Dress'' (1656) and '' Infanta Margarita Teresa in a Blue Dress'' (1659) were sent to the Imperial court in Vienna, and now are displayed in the
Kunsthistorisches Museum The Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien ( "Vienna Museum of art history, Art History", often referred to as the "Museum of Fine Arts, Vienna") is an art museum in Vienna, Austria. Housed in its festive palatial building on the Vienna Ring Road, i ...
. In the last paintings of the 8-year-old infanta made by Velázquez, a more mature and formal attitude of Margaret can be seen, due to her upcoming marriage to the emperor. The most famous painting by Velazquez in the series of portraits of the infanta was ''
Las Meninas ) is a 1656 painting in the Museo del Prado in Madrid, by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Baroque painting, Spanish Baroque. It has become one of the most widely analyzed works in Western painting for the way its complex a ...
'' (1656), currently in the
Museo del Prado The Museo del Prado ( ; ), officially known as Museo Nacional del Prado, is the main Spanish national art museum, located in central Madrid. It houses collections of Art of Europe, European art, dating from the 12th century to the early 20th ce ...
in Madrid. In it, the artist painted the 5-year-old infanta in his studio while working on a portrait of her parents. She is surrounded by her maids of honor and other courtiers, but her eyes are riveted to her parents, whose reflection is visible in the mirror on the wall. The canvas was the inspiration for
Picasso Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, Ceramic art, ceramicist, and Scenic ...
, who in 1957 created more than forty variations of this pattern. The image of Margaret in the paintings by Velázquez inspired not only painters. The poet
Boris Pasternak Boris Leonidovich Pasternak (30 May 1960) was a Russian and Soviet poet, novelist, composer, and literary translator. Composed in 1917, Pasternak's first book of poems, ''My Sister, Life'', was published in Berlin in 1922 and soon became an imp ...
mentions it in a poem of 1923 "Butterfly Storm", in which she appears to him as a vision during a thunderstorm in Moscow. The first image in this poem who Pasternak contrasted with the portraits of the Infanta was mentioned by
Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov Vyacheslav Vsevolodovich Ivanov ( ; 21 August 1929 – 7 October 2017) was a prominent Soviet and Russian philologist, semiotician and Indo-Europeanist probably best known for his glottalic theory of Indo-European consonantism and for placing t ...
, in his work "Eternal Childhood". The ''Infanta Margarita Teresa in a Pink Dress'' (1660), formerly credited to Velázquez, is now considered one of the masterpieces of his son-in-law, Juan Bautista Martínez del Mazo. To Martínez del Mazo also belongs the latter "Portrait of the Infanta Margarita in mourning dress" (1666), in which she is depicted shortly after her father's death and shortly before her wedding. Both paintings are also included in the collection of the Museo del Prado. The authority of the "Portrait of the Infanta Margarita" (1655) currently at the
Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the Rive Droite, Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st arron ...
, is still questioned by researchers. There are portraits of an adult Margaret by a number of European artists, most of which are stored in the collections of the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. Among them, "a full-length portrait of the Infanta Margarita Teresa, the Empress" (1665) by Gerard Du Chateau and "Portrait of Empress Margarita Teresa in a theatrical costume" (1667) by Jan Thomas van Ieperen. One of the last portraits of Margaret is the "Portrait of Empress Margarita Teresa and her daughter Maria Antonia" (c. 1670) by Jan Thomas van Ieperen, currently in the
Hofburg The Hofburg () is the former principal imperial palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Austria. Located in the Innere Stadt, center of Vienna, it was built in the 13th century by Ottokar II of Bohemia and expanded several times afterwards. It also ser ...
, where she is depicted with her only surviving child.''Retrato de la Emperatriz Margarita Teresa de Austria'' in: internationalportraitgallery.blogspot.ru
etrieved 28 October 2016 Numerous copies of her portraits are also preserved, and are now kept in the museum collections around the world. Image:Diego Velázquez 024.jpg, ''Infanta Margarita Teresa in a Pink Dress'' (1653), Velázquez,
Kunsthistorisches Museum The Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien ( "Vienna Museum of art history, Art History", often referred to as the "Museum of Fine Arts, Vienna") is an art museum in Vienna, Austria. Housed in its festive palatial building on the Vienna Ring Road, i ...
, Vienna Image:Diego Velázquez 029.jpg, ''Infanta Margarita Teresa'' (1655), Velázquez,
Musée du Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the Rive Droite, Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st arron ...
, Paris Image:Diego_Velázquez_028b.jpg, '' Infanta Margarita in a White and Silver Dress'' (1656), Velázquez, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna Image:Las Meninas, by Diego Velázquez, from Prado in Google Earth.jpg, ''
Las Meninas ) is a 1656 painting in the Museo del Prado in Madrid, by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Baroque painting, Spanish Baroque. It has become one of the most widely analyzed works in Western painting for the way its complex a ...
'' (1656), Velázquez, Prado Museum, Madrid Image:Diego Rodriguez de Silva y Velázquez - Infanta Margarita Teresa in a Blue Dress - Google Art Project.jpg, '' Infanta Margarita Teresa in a Blue Dress'' (1659), by Velázquez, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna Image:Diego Velázquez 026.jpg, '' Infanta Margarita Teresa in a Pink Dress'' (1660) by Velázquez or Juan Bautista Martínez del Mazo, Prado Museum, Madrid Image:Jan Thomas - Infanta Margaret Theresa, Empress, in theater dress.jpg, ''Infanta Margaret Theresa, Empress, in theater dress'' (1667) by Jan Thomas van Ieperen, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna Image:Jan Thomas - Empress Margarita Teresa with her daughter Maria Antonia (KHM, GG 3079).jpg, ''Empress Margarita Teresa and her daughter Maria Antonia'' (c. 1670) by Jan Thomas van Ieperen,
Hofburg Palace The Hofburg () is the former principal imperial palace of the Habsburg dynasty in Austria. Located in the center of Vienna, it was built in the 13th century by Ottokar II of Bohemia and expanded several times afterwards. It also served as the im ...
, Vienna


Ancestors

, - , , - , style="text-align: left;", Notes:


References


Bibliography

* Andics, Hellmut, ''Die Frauen der Habsburger'' (Vienna: Jugend und Volk, 1985). In German. * Beutler, Gigi, ''Die Kaisergruft'' (Vienna, 2001). In German. * Hamann, Brigitte, ''Die Habsburger: Ein Biografisches Lexicon'' (Munich: Piper, 1988). In German. * Ingrao, Charles W., Editor and author, ''In Quest and Crisis: Emperor Joseph I and the Habsburg Monarchy'', Hardcover: 278 pages, Purdue University Press (1 June 1979), in English, , * Ingrao, Charles W., ''The Habsburg Monarchy, 1618–1815 (New Approaches to European History)'' aperback # Paperback: 288 pages, Cambridge University Press; 2 edition (2 October 2000), in English, , * Kann, Robert A., ''A History of the Habsburg Empire, 1526–1918'', Paperback, 661 pages, University of California Press, edition (26 November 1980), in English . * Kann, Robert A., ''The Peoples of the Eastern Habsburg Lands, 1526–1918'' (History of East Central Europe), ardcover# 464 pages, Univ of Washington Press, (July 1984), in English, , * Magosci, Paul Robert, ´´Historical Atlas of Central Europe (History of East Central Europe, Vol. 1, 1), Paperback: 288 pages, University of Washington Press, in English, Revised Exp edition (October 2002), ,
Olivan Santaliestra, Laura, "My sister is growing up very healthy and beautiful, she loves me" – The Childhood of the Infantas Maria Teresa and Margarita Maria at Court'', pp. 165–185
in: Grace E. Coolidge – The Formation of the Child in Early Modern Spain, Farnham: Ashgate Publishing 2014, * Wheatcroft, Andrew, "The Habsburgs, Embodiyng Empire" aperback 416 pages, Penguin Books, (Non-Classics) (1 May 1997), in English, ,


External links


Infanta Margarita Teresa in Blue Dress
at the Kunsthistorisches Museum,
Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...


Royal titles

, - , - , - {{DEFAULTSORT:Margaret Theresa Of Spain Austrian consorts Spanish infantas 1651 births 1673 deaths Burials at the Imperial Crypt Deaths in childbirth Nobility from Madrid Children of Philip IV of Spain Austrian princesses Queens consort of Bohemia Holy Roman Empresses Queens consort of Hungary Duchesses of Teschen Spanish people of Austrian descent 17th-century House of Habsburg 17th-century Austrian people 17th-century Spanish people Wives of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor Daughters of kings 17th-century Spanish women 17th-century Austrian women Heirs presumptive Daughters of dukes Daughters of counts