There are currently about 65 species of mammals in Singapore. Since the

founding of modern Singapore The establishment of a British trading post in Singapore in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles led to its founding as a British colony in 1824. This event has generally been understood to mark the founding of colonial Singapore, a break from its statu ...

in 1819, over 90 species have been recorded, including large species such as tigers, leopards and sambar deer. Most of these have since become extirpated from Singapore largely due to rapid urban development, with occasional large mammals such as Asian elephants swimming across the

Straits of Johor The Johore Strait (also known as the Tebrau Strait, Straits of Johor, Selat Johor, Selat Tebrau, and Tebrau Reach) is an international strait in Southeast Asia, between Singapore and Peninsular Malaysia. Geography The strait separates the Ma ...

from

Johor Johor (; ), also spelled as Johore, is a state of Malaysia in the south of the Malay Peninsula. Johor has land borders with the Malaysian states of Pahang to the north and Malacca and Negeri Sembilan to the northwest. Johor shares maritime bo ...

, Malaysia. Many surviving species have critically low population numbers, the most seriously endangered being the

cream-coloured giant squirrel The cream-coloured giant squirrel or pale giant squirrel (''Ratufa affinis'') is a large tree squirrel Tree squirrels are the members of the squirrel family (Sciuridae) commonly just referred to as "squirrels." They include more than 100 arbor ...

, last sighted in 1995 and now possibly extirpated. The

Raffles' banded langur The Raffles' banded langur (''Presbytis femoralis''), also known as the banded leaf monkey or banded surili, is a species of primate in the family Cercopithecidae. It is endemic to Singapore and southern Peninsular Malaysia. The species underwen ...

is also down to around 60 individuals. However, some species have been rediscovered in more remote parts of the country, such as the Malaysian porcupine which was found on Pulau Tekong in 2005, and the greater mousedeer on

Pulau Ubin Pulau Ubin, also simply known as Ubin, is an island situated in the north east of Singapore, to the west of Pulau Tekong. The granite quarry used to be supported by a few thousand settlers on Pulau Ubin in the 1960s, but only about 38 villagers ...

in 2009. The most commonly seen native mammals are the

long-tailed macaque The crab-eating macaque (''Macaca fascicularis''), also known as the long-tailed macaque and referred to as the cynomolgus monkey in laboratories, is a cercopithecine primate native to Southeast Asia. A species of macaque, the crab-eating macaqu ...

and

plantain squirrel The plantain squirrel, oriental squirrel or tricoloured squirrel (''Callosciurus notatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand in a wide range of habitats: forests, mangroves, park ...

. The largest terrestrial mammal that can still be found is the wild boar, which is common on the offshore islands of Pulau Ubin and Pulau Tekong, but also found on the mainland. The largest mammals in Singapore, however, are marine creatures such as dugongs and dolphins. The

colugo Colugos () are arboreal gliding mammals that are native to Southeast Asia. Their closest evolutionary relatives are primates. There are just two living species of colugos: the Sunda flying lemur (''Galeopterus variegatus'') and the Philippine fl ...

is also doing well, but these are rarely seen due to their elusiveness and camouflage.

Order
Artiodactyla The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla , ) are ungulates—hoofed animals—which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes: the third and fourth. The other three toes are either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing poster ...
(even-toed ungulates)

Family

Suidae Suidae is a family of artiodactyl mammals which are commonly called pigs, hogs or swine. In addition to numerous fossil species, 18 extant species are currently recognized (or 19 counting domestic pigs and wild boars separately), classified into ...

(pigs) *Bornean bearded pig (''

Sus barbatus The Bornean bearded pig (''Sus barbatus''), also known as the Sunda bearded pig or simply bearded pig, is a species in the pig genus, '' Sus''. It can be recognized by its prominent beard. It also sometimes has tassels on its tail. It is found ...

'') (extirpated; no historical records but likely formerly present due to records from Johor and Riau Islands, and ability to reach islands by swimming) *Wild boar (''

Sus scrofa The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine, common wild pig, Eurasian wild pig, or simply wild pig, is a suid native to much of Eurasia and North Africa, and has been introduced to the Americas and Oceania. The species is n ...

'') – Tuas, Jurong, Western Catchment, Lim Chu Kang, Kranji, Choa Chu Kang, Bukit Panjang, Bukit Batok, Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Seletar, Sengkang, Punggol, Coney Island, Lorong Halus, Pasir Ris, Changi, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong Family

Cervidae Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer ...

(deer) *Sambar ('' Rusa unicolor'') – Bukit Brown, Central Catchment (possibly extirpated, then re-established through escapees from captivity) *Southern red muntjac ('' Muntiacus muntjak'') – Central Catchment (possibly extirpated, recent sightings may be escapees from captivity), Pulau Tekong (unverified sighting) Family

Tragulidae The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , ''asteriskos'', "little star", is a typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a heraldic star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often voc ...

(mousedeer) *Lesser mousedeer ('' Tragulus kanchil'') – Central Catchment *Greater mousedeer ('' Tragulus napu'') – Pulau Ubin, Western Catchment

Order
Carnivora Carnivora is a monophyletic order of placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all cat-like and dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are formally referred to as carnivorans, ...
(carnivores)

Family

Herpestidae A mongoose is a small terrestrial carnivorous mammal belonging to the family Herpestidae. This family is currently split into two subfamilies, the Herpestinae and the Mungotinae. The Herpestinae comprises 23 living species that are native to ...

(mongooses) *Short-tailed mongoose ('' Urva brachyura'') (historical record is based on a specimen that is likely to have been an escapee) Family

Viverridae Viverridae is a family of small to medium-sized, feliform mammals. The viverrids () comprise 33 species placed in 14 genera. This family was named and first described by John Edward Gray in 1821. Viverrids occur all over Africa, southern Europe, ...

(civets) *Binturong (''

Arctictis binturong The binturong (''Arctictis binturong'') (, ), also known as the bearcat, is a viverrid native to South and Southeast Asia. It is uncommon in much of its range, and has been assessed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because of a declining popu ...

'') (extirpated) *Three-striped palm civet ('' Arctogalidia trivirgata'') - Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Otter civet (''

Cynogale bennettii The otter civet (''Cynogale bennettii'') is a semiaquatic viverrid native to Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Brunei. It is listed as Endangered because of a serious ongoing population decline, estimated to be more than 50% over the past t ...

'') (doubtful - based on old specimen without precise collection data) *Masked palm civet (''

Paguma larvata The masked palm civet (''Paguma larvata''), also called the gem-faced civet, is a palm civet species native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It has been listed as least concern on the IUCN Red List since 2008 as it occurs in many p ...

'') (indeterminate) - Central Catchment (possible escapee), Pulau Tekong (unverified sightings), Adam Road (roadkill in 2021) *Sumatran palm civet ('' Paradoxurus musangus'') - widespread across mainland Singapore in forests, woodlands, parks, and urban areas with trees, Pulau Ubin *Large-spotted civet ('' Viverra megaspila'') (doubtful, historical record likely based on misidentified Malay civet) *Malay civet ('' Viverra tangalunga'') - Central Catchment, possibly Pulau Tekong but has been confused with Large Indian civet *Large Indian civet ('' Viverra zibetha'') (indeterminate) - Jalan Bahar, possibly Pulau Tekong but has been confused with Malay civet, unverified sightings from Central Catchment *Small Indian civet ('' Viverricula indica'') (doubtful) Family Mustelidae (weasels, otters and relatives) *Small-clawed otter (''

Aonyx cinereus The Asian small-clawed otter (''Aonyx cinereus''), also known as the oriental small-clawed otter and the small-clawed otter, is an otter species native to South and Southeast Asia. It has short claws that do not extend beyond the pads of its web ...

'') – Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, sightings of lone individuals in mainland Singapore might be escapees from captivity *Smooth-coated otter ('' Lutrogale perspicillata'') - mangroves and coasts, rivers, canals, reservoirs, and lakes in many locations on mainland Singapore, also often seen travelling overland or hunting in ornamental fish ponds, Pulau Ubin, Sentosa, St. John's Island, Pulau Semakau *Hairy-nosed otter (''

Lutra sumatrana The hairy-nosed otter (''Lutra sumatrana'') is a semiaquatic mammal endemic to Southeast Asia and one of the rarest and least known otter species. It is threatened by loss of natural resources and poaching. Description The hairy-nosed otter ...

'') (extirpated) Family Felidae (cats) *Leopard cat (''

Prionailurus bengalensis The leopard cat (''Prionailurus bengalensis'') is a small wild cat native to continental South, Southeast, and East Asia. Since 2002 it has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List as it is widely distributed although threatened by ...

'') – Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, Western Catchment, Central Catchment, Sungei Buloh *Flat-headed cat ('' Prionailurus planiceps'') (doubtful - based on single specimen from former Raffles Museum collection that has since been lost) *Sunda clouded leopard ('' Neofelis diardii'') (doubtful - based on single specimen claimed to have been killed in Changi in 1898) *Tiger (''

Panthera tigris The tiger (''Panthera tigris'') is the largest living cat species and a member of the genus '' Panthera''. It is most recognisable for its dark vertical stripes on orange fur with a white underside. An apex predator, it primarily preys on ...

'') (extirpated) *Leopard (''

Panthera pardus The leopard (''Panthera pardus'') is one of the five extant species in the genus ''Panthera'', a member of the cat family, Felidae. It occurs in a wide range in sub-Saharan Africa, in some parts of Western and Central Asia, Southern Russia, a ...

'') (extirpated, unverified sightings on Pulau Tekong in 1980s) Family

Canidae Canidae (; from Latin, '' canis'', " dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (). There are three subfamilies found within ...

(dogs, wolves, and relatives) * Dhole (''

Cuon alpinus The dhole (''Cuon alpinus''; ) is a canid native to Central, South, East and Southeast Asia. Other English names for the species include Asian wild dog, Asiatic wild dog, Indian wild dog, whistling dog, red dog, red wolf, and mountain wolf. ...

'') (extirpated) Family

Ursidae Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae. They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Nort ...

(bears) *Sun bear ('' Helarctos malayanus'') (extirpated; unverified sightings on Pulau Tekong in 1980s)

Order
Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel the ...
(cetaceans)

Family Delphinidae (marine dolphins) *Long-beaked common dolphin (''

Delphinus capensis The common dolphin (''Delphinus delphis'') is the most abundant cetacean in the world, with a global population of about six million. Despite this fact and its vernacular name, the common dolphin is not thought of as the archetypal dolphin, with ...

'') *Irrawaddy dolphin (''

Orcaella brevirostris The Irrawaddy dolphin (''Orcaella brevirostris'') is a euryhaline species of oceanic dolphin found in scattered subpopulations near sea coasts and in estuaries and rivers in parts of the Bay of Bengal and Southeast Asia. It closely resembles the ...

'') – Singapore Strait *False killer whale (''

Pseudorca crassidens ''Pseudorca'' is a genus of cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclus ...

'') (vagrant) – Tuas *Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (''

Sousa chinensis Sousa refers to * John Philip Sousa (1854–1932), American composer of marches Sousa also may refer to: People * Sousa (surname), including other Portuguese variants such as Souza, de Sousa, D'Souza, etc. * João Sousa, Portuguese tennis player ...

'') – Straits of Johor, Singapore Strait *Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (''

Tursiops aduncus The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (''Tursiops aduncus'') is a species of bottlenose dolphin. This dolphin grows to long, and weighs up to . It lives in the waters around India, northern Australia, South China, the Red Sea, and the eastern ...

'') – Singapore Strait Family

Phocoenidae Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals an ...

(porpoises) *Finless porpoise (''

Neophocaena phocaenoides The Indo-Pacific finless porpoise (''Neophocaena phocaenoides'') is one of eight porpoise species. The species ranges throughout most of the Indian Ocean, as well as the tropical and subtropical Pacific from Indonesia north to the Taiwan Strait. ...

'') – Singapore Strait Family Physeteridae (sperm whale) *Sperm whale (''

Physeter macrocephalus ''Physeter'' is a genus of toothed whales. There is only one living species in this genus: the sperm whale (''Physeter macrocephalus''). Some extremely poorly known fossil species have also been assigned to the same genus including ''Physeter ant ...

'') (lone carcass in 2015) – Singapore Strait

Order
Chiroptera Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bi ...
(bats)

Family Pteropodidae (Old World fruit bats) *Lesser dog-faced fruit bat ( ''Cynopterus brachyotis'') - common and widespread *Cave nectar bat (''

Eonycteris spelaea The cave nectar bat, dawn bat, common dawn bat, common nectar bat or lesser dawn bat (''Eonycteris spelaea'') is a species of megabat within the genus '' Eonycteris''. The scientific name of the species was first published by Dobson in 1871. De ...

'') - common and widespread *Common long-tongued fruit bat (''

Macroglossus minimus The long-tongued nectar bat (''Macroglossus minimus''), also known as the northern blossom bat, honey nectar bat, least blossom-bat, dagger-toothed long-nosed fruit bat, and lesser long-tongued fruit bat, is a species of megabat. ''M. minimus'' is ...

'') - Sungei Buloh, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong *Dusky fruit bat ('' Penthetor lucasi'') – Bukit Timah *Malayan flying fox (''

Pteropus vampyrus The large flying fox (''Pteropus vampyrus'', formerly ''Pteropus giganteus''), also known as the greater flying fox, Malayan flying fox, Malaysian flying fox, large fruit bat, kalang, or kalong, is a southeast Asian species of megabat in the fam ...

'') (visitor, former resident) - Central Catchment *Geoffroy's rousette (''

Rousettus amplexicaudatus Geoffroy's rousette (''Rousettus amplexicaudatus'') is a species of megabat or Old World fruit bats. It is one of ten species in the genus ''Rousettus''. Distribution Geoffroy's rousette occurs throughout Southeast Asia and in the Malesia reg ...

'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) Family

Emballonuridae Emballonuridae is a family of microbats, many of which are referred to as sac-winged or sheath-tailed bats. They are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The earliest fossil records are from the Eocene. Descr ...

(sheath-tailed bats) *Lesser sheath-tailed bat (''

Emballonura monticola The lesser sheath-tailed bat (''Emballonura monticola'') is a species of sac-winged bat in the family Emballonuridae. It is found in the Malay Peninsula (including Myanmar and Thailand), Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-l ...

'') – Bukit Timah, Pulau Ubin *Pouched tomb bat ('' Saccolaimus saccolaimus'') *Long-winged tomb bat ('' Taphozous longimanus'') – Pulau Ubin *Black-bearded tomb bat ('' Taphozous melanopogon'') Family Nycteridae (hollow-faced bats) *Southeast Asian hollow-faced bat ('' Nycteris tragata'') – Central Catchment Family

Megadermatidae Megadermatidae, or false vampire bats, are a family of bats found from central Africa, eastwards through southern Asia, and into Australia. They are relatively large bats, ranging from 6.5 cm to 14 cm in head-body length. They have la ...

(false vampires) *Lesser false vampire (''

Megaderma spasma The lesser false vampire bat (''Megaderma spasma'') is a bat found in South Asia and Southeast Asia from Sri Lanka and India in the west to Indonesia and the Philippines in the east. They live in caves and tree hollows. They are insectivorous. T ...

'') – Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong Family Rhinolophidae (horseshoe bats) *Glossy horseshoe bat ('' Rhinolophus lepidus'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Woolly horseshoe bat ('' Rhinolophus luctus'') - Central Catchment, Changi *Lesser woolly horseshoe bat ('' Rhinolophus sedulus'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) *Lesser brown horseshoe bat ('' Rhinolophus stheno'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) *Trefoil horseshoe bat (''

Rhinolophus trifoliatus The trefoil horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus trifoliatus'') is a species of bat in the family Rhinolophidae. It is found in Brunei, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, and Thailand. In Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is t ...

'') – Central Catchment, Pulau Tekong Family Hipposideridae (Old World leaf-nosed bats) *Bicolored roundleaf bat ('' Hipposideros bicolor'') – Bukit Timah *Fawn roundleaf bat (''

Hipposideros cervinus The fawn leaf-nosed bat (''Hipposideros cervinus'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae found in Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vanuatu. Taxonomy The species was first described by John Gould in his Mammals o ...

'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) *Ashy roundleaf bat ('' Hipposideros cineraceus'') – Pulau Ubin *Ridley's roundleaf bat (''

Hipposideros ridleyi Ridley's leaf-nosed bat, Ridley's roundleaf bat, or Singapore roundleaf horseshoe bat (''Hipposideros ridleyi'') is a species of bat in the family Hipposideridae. It is found in Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore. Its natural habitat is subtropic ...

'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated) Family Vespertilionidae (evening bats) *Big-eared pipistrelle (''

Hypsugo macrotis The big-eared pipistrelle (''Hypsugo macrotis'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It can be found in Indonesia and Malaysia. It forages over mud flats over Peninsula Malaysia but its roosting activities are unknown. Its ...

'') – Pulau Ubin *Hardwicke's woolly bat ('' Kerivoula hardwickii'') – Central Catchment, Pulau Tekong *Brown tube-nosed bat (''

Murina suilla The brown tube-nosed bat (''Murina suilla'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It can be found in the following countries: Brunei Darussalam Brunei ( , ), formally Brunei Darussalam ( ms, Negara Brunei Darussal ...

'') – Pulau Tekong *Lesser large-footed myotis ('' Myotis hasseltii'') *Horsfield's large-footed myotis ('' Myotis horsfieldii'') – Central Catchment *Whiskered myotis ('' Myotis muricola'') - widespread *Singapore whiskered bat ('' Myotis oreias'') – endemic to Singapore, possibly globally extinct, but might not actually exist *Javan pipistrelle ('' Pipistrellus javanicus'') – widespread, recent records from Ayer Rajah, Paya Lebar, Punggol, Upper Thomson, Kent Ridge *Narrow-winged pipistrelle ('' Pipistrellus stenopterus'') – Singapore Botanic Gardens, Holland Village, Rochester Park, most recent record from Bukit Timah *Asiatic lesser yellow bat (''

Scotophilus kuhlii The lesser Asiatic yellow bat (''Scotophilus kuhlii'') is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China ...

'') - common and widespread *Lesser bamboo bat ('' Tylonycteris pachypus'') – Bukit Timah *Greater bamboo bat ('' Tylonycteris robustula'') - widespread Family Molossidae (free-tailed bats) *Naked bulldog bat (''

Cheiromeles torquatus The hairless bat (''Cheiromeles torquatus''), also called the naked bulldog batLeong, T. M., et al. (2009)The naked bulldog bat, ''Cheiromeles torquatus'' in Singapore—past and present records, with highlights on its unique morphology (Microchi ...

'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Sembawang *Wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat (''

Chaerephon plicatus The wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bat (''Chaerephon plicatus'') is a species of bat in the family Molossidae. It is found in Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, the ...

'') (indeterminate, possibly extirpated)

Order Dermoptera (colugo)

Family Cynocephalidae (colugo) *Malayan colugo or Malayan flying lemur ('' Galeopterus variegatus'') – Bukit Timah, Bukit Batok, Central Catchment, Bukit Brown, Gallop Road, Portsdown, Changi

Order Eulipotyphla ( insectivores)

Family Soricidae (shrews) *House shrew (''

Suncus murinus The Asian house shrew (''Suncus murinus'') is a shrew species native to South and Southeast Asia that has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2008 because of its large population and wide distribution. It has been introduced i ...

'') – urban *Malayan shrew (''

Crocidura malayana The Malayan shrew (''Crocidura malayana'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is endemic to Malaysia. References Endemic fauna of Malaysia Mammals of Malaysia Crocidura Mammals described in 1911 Taxonomy articles cr ...

'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment Family Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and gymnures) *Moonrat (''

Echinosorex gymnura The moonrat (''Echinosorex gymnura'') is a southeast Asian species of mammal in the family Erinaceidae (hedgehogs and gymnures). It is the only species in the genus ''Echinosorex''. The moonrat is a fairly small, primarily carnivorous animal ...

'') (doubtful - based on single specimen from former Raffles Museum collection that has since been lost)

Order Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

Family

Tapiridae Tapirs ( ) are large, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Tapiridae. They are similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South and Central America, with one species inhabit ...

(tapirs) *Malayan tapir (''

Tapirus indicus The Malayan tapir (''Tapirus indicus''), also called Asian tapir, Asiatic tapir and Indian tapir, is the only tapir species native to Southeast Asia from the Malay Peninsula to Sumatra. It has been listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List since ...

'') (visitor) – Pulau Ubin, Changi

Order Pholidota (pangolins)

Family

Manidae Manidae is the only extant family of pangolins from superfamily Manoidea. This family comprises three genera ('' Manis'' from subfamily Maninae, '' Phataginus'' from subfamily Phatagininae, and '' Smutsia'' from subfamily Smutsiinae), as well a ...

(pangolins) *Sunda pangolin (''

Manis javanica The Sunda pangolin (''Manis javanica''), also known as the Malayan or Javan pangolin, is a species of pangolin. It is found throughout Southeast Asia, including Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, and the islands of ...

'') – Bukit Timah, Bukit Batok, Bukit Panjang, Central Catchment, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, Western Catchment, Labrador, may wander into built-up areas

Order Primates (primates)

Family

Lorisidae Lorisidae (or sometimes Loridae) is a family of strepsirrhine primates. The lorisids are all slim arboreal animals and comprise the lorises, pottos and angwantibos. Lorisids live in tropical, central Africa as well as in south and southeast Asi ...

(lorises) *Sunda slow loris (''

Nycticebus coucang The Sunda slow loris (''Nycticebus coucang'') or greater slow loris is a strepsirrhine primate and a species of slow loris native to Indonesia, West Malaysia, southern Thailand and Singapore. It measures from head to tail and weighs between . ...

'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Pulau Tekong Family

Cercopithecidae Old World monkey is the common English name for a family of primates known taxonomically as the Cercopithecidae (). Twenty-four genera and 138 species are recognized, making it the largest primate family. Old World monkey genera include baboons ...

(Old World monkeys) *Long-tailed macaque (''

Macaca fascicularis The crab-eating macaque (''Macaca fascicularis''), also known as the long-tailed macaque and referred to as the cynomolgus monkey in laboratories, is a cercopithecine primate native to Southeast Asia. A species of macaque, the crab-eating macaq ...

'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Sungei Buloh, Western Catchment, Bukit Batok, Woodlands Waterfront, Admiralty Park, Punggol, Coney Island, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Tekong, Sentosa, Sisters Islands, lone individuals and small groups occasionally seen in parks and urban areas elsewhere in Singapore *Southern pig-tailed macaque ('' Macaca nemestrina'') (doubtful, historical records in Singapore are likely to be based on escapees from captivity) Tengeh Reservoir (individual seen in 2020) *Raffles' banded langur ('' Presbytis femoralis'') – around 60 left in Central Catchment, Upper Thomson *Dusky langur (''

Trachypithecus obscurus The dusky leaf monkey (''Trachypithecus obscurus''), also known as the spectacled langur, or the spectacled leaf monkey is a species of primate in the family Cercopithecidae. It is found in Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar and Thailand, and can o ...

'') - Central Catchment (colonisation in 2019 with the appearance of a trio which likely originated from Johor), Kent Ridge (likely escapee in 2008)

Order
Proboscidea The Proboscidea (; , ) are a taxonomic order of afrotherian mammals containing one living family (Elephantidae) and several extinct families. First described by J. Illiger in 1811, it encompasses the elephants and their close relatives. Fr ...
(elephants)

Family Elephantidae (elephants) *Asian elephant (''

Elephas maximus ''Elephas'' is one of two surviving genera in the family of elephants, Elephantidae, with one surviving species, the Asian elephant, ''Elephas maximus''. Several extinct species have been identified as belonging to the genus, extending bac ...

'') (visitor) – Pulau Tekong (1990), Pulau Ubin (1991)

Order Rodentia (rodents)

Family

Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. The name Muridae comes ...

(mice and rats) *Asian house mouse ('' Mus musculus'') – urban *Norway rat (''

Rattus norvegicus ''Rattus'' is a genus of muroid rodents, all typically called rats. However, the term rat can also be applied to rodent species outside of this genus. Species and description The best-known ''Rattus'' species are the black rat (''R. rattus'' ...

'') (introduced) – urban *Asian house rat ('' Rattus tanezumi'') – urban, forest edge *Polynesian rat (''

Rattus exulans The Polynesian rat, Pacific rat or little rat (''Rattus exulans''), known to the Māori as ''kiore'', is the third most widespread species of rat in the world behind the brown rat and black rat. The Polynesian rat originated in Southeast Asia, a ...

'') - urban, forest edge *Malaysian wood rat (''

Rattus tiomanicus The Malayan field rat, Malaysian field rat or Malaysian wood rat, (''Rattus tiomanicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is nocturnal and mainly arboreal and is found in Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines. It ...

'') *Brown spiny rat ('' Maxomys rajah'') – Central Catchment *Red spiny rat ('' Maxomys surifer'') (extirpated) – formerly recorded in Bukit Timah *Annandale's rat (''

Sundamys annandalei Annandale's rat (''Sundamys annandalei'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Indonesia (Sumatra), Peninsular Malaysia, and Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island coun ...

'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Pulau Ubin Family

Spalacidae The Spalacidae, or spalacids, are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. They are native to eastern Asia, the Horn of Africa, the Middle East, and southeastern Europe. It includes the blind mole-rats, bamboo rats, ...

(mole-rats) *Large bamboo rat (''

Rhizomys sumatrensis The large bamboo rat, Sumatran rat, or Indomalayan rat (''Rhizomys sumatrensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Spalacidae found in Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. It is one of four species of b ...

'') (doubtful, historical records are likely escapees) Family Sciuridae (squirrels) *Finlayson's or variable squirrel (''

Callosciurus finlaysonii Finlayson's squirrel or the variable squirrel (''Callosciurus finlaysonii'', sometimes misspelled ''C. finlaysoni'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. The species ...

'') (introduced) – Bidadari, Woodleigh *Plantain squirrel (''

Callosciurus notatus The plantain squirrel, oriental squirrel or tricoloured squirrel (''Callosciurus notatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae found in Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand in a wide range of habitats: forests, mangroves, park ...

'') – widespread and common on mainland, Sentosa, Pulau Tekong, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Semakau *Prevost's squirrel (''

Callosciurus prevostii Prevost's squirrel or Asian tri-colored squirrel (''Callosciurus prevostii'') is a colourful species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in forests in the Thai-Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and nearby smaller islands, with an in ...

'') (doubtful) *Three-striped ground squirrel ('' Lariscus insignis'') (extirpated) *Slender squirrel ('' Sundasciurus tenuis'') – Bukit Timah, Bukit Batok, Central Catchment, Singapore Botanic Gardens *Cream-coloured giant squirrel ('' Ratufa affinis'') (likely extirpated) – formerly recorded in Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Shrew-faced ground squirrel ('' Rhinosciurus laticaudatus'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Red-cheeked flying squirrel ('' Hylopetes spadiceus'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Horsfield's flying squirrel (''

Iomys horsfieldii The Javanese flying squirrel (''Iomys horsfieldii'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and ...

'') – Bukit Batok, Bukit Timah, Central Catchment *Red giant flying squirrel (''

Petaurista petaurista The red giant flying squirrel or common giant flying squirrel (''Petaurista petaurista'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae (squirrels). It is found in a wide variety of forest–types, plantations and more open habitats with scatter ...

'') (likely extirpated) Family Hystricidae (Old World porcupines) *Malayan porcupine ('' Hystrix brachyura'') – Pulau Tekong, Pulau Ubin, Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Western Catchment

Order Scandentia (treeshrews)

Family Tupaiidae (treeshrews) *Common treeshrew ('' Tupaia glis'') – Bukit Timah, Central Catchment, Singapore Botanic Gardens, Portsdown, Bidadari, Bedok, Bukit Batok, Jurong Hill, Kent Ridge, Sungei Buloh, Western Catchment, Pulau Ubin

Order
Sirenia The Sirenia (), commonly referred to as sea-cows or sirenians, are an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. The Sirenia currently comprise two distinct f ...
(sea cows)

Family

Dugongidae Dugongidae is a family in the order of Sirenia. The family has one surviving species, the dugong (''Dugong dugon''), one recently extinct species, Steller's sea cow (''Hydrodamalis gigas''), and a number of extinct genera known from fossil reco ...

(dugong) *Dugong ('' Dugong dugon'') – Straits of Johor, Singapore Strait Note: "extirpated" means

locally extinct Local extinction, also known as extirpation, refers to a species (or other taxon) of plant or animal that ceases to exist in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinct ...

in Singapore.

References

{{Asia topic, List of mammals of . Mammals Singapore Singapore Singapore

Order Artiodactyla The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla , ) are ungulates—hoofed animals—which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes: the third and fourth. The other three toes are either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing poster ... (even-toed ungulates)

Order Carnivora Carnivora is a monophyletic order of placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all cat-like and dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are formally referred to as carnivorans, ... (carnivores)

Order Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel the ... (cetaceans)

Order Chiroptera Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bi ... (bats)

Order Dermoptera (colugo)

Order Eulipotyphla ( insectivores)

Order Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)

Order Pholidota (pangolins)

Order Primates (primates)

Order Proboscidea The Proboscidea (; , ) are a taxonomic order of afrotherian mammals containing one living family (Elephantidae) and several extinct families. First described by J. Illiger in 1811, it encompasses the elephants and their close relatives. Fr ... (elephants)

Order Rodentia (rodents)

Order Scandentia (treeshrews)

Order Sirenia The Sirenia (), commonly referred to as sea-cows or sirenians, are an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. The Sirenia currently comprise two distinct f ... (sea cows)

See also

References

Order
Artiodactyla The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla , ) are ungulates—hoofed animals—which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes: the third and fourth. The other three toes are either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing poster ...
(even-toed ungulates)

Order
Carnivora Carnivora is a monophyletic order of placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all cat-like and dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are formally referred to as carnivorans, ...
(carnivores)

Order
Cetacea Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel the ...
(cetaceans)

Order
Chiroptera Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bi ...
(bats)

Order
Proboscidea The Proboscidea (; , ) are a taxonomic order of afrotherian mammals containing one living family (Elephantidae) and several extinct families. First described by J. Illiger in 1811, it encompasses the elephants and their close relatives. Fr ...
(elephants)

Order
Sirenia The Sirenia (), commonly referred to as sea-cows or sirenians, are an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. The Sirenia currently comprise two distinct f ...
(sea cows)