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This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Russia. There are 266 mammal species in Russia, of which five are critically endangered, thirteen are endangered, twenty-six are vulnerable, and six are near threatened. One of the species listed for Russia is extinct and one can no longer be found in the wild. All the mammals of Russia are in the subclass Theria and infraclass
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: ''
This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Russia. There are 266 mammal species in Russia, of which five are critically endangered, thirteen are endangered, twenty-six are vulnerable, and six are near threatened. One of the species listed for Russia is extinct and one can no longer be found in the wild. All the mammals of Russia are in the subclass Theria and infraclass Eutheria
Eutheria (; from Greek , 'good, right' and , 'beast'; ) is the clade consisting of all therian mammals that are more closely related to placentals than to marsupials.
Eutherians are distinguished from noneutherians by various phenotypic tra ...
, being all placental.
The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of nat ...
:
Order:
Sirenia
The Sirenia (), commonly referred to as sea-cows or sirenians, are an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. The Sirenia currently comprise two distinct f ...
(manatees and dugongs)
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit rivers, estuaries, coastal marine waters, swamps, and marine wetlands. All four species are endangered.
*Family: Dugongidae
**Genus: ''Hydrodamalis
''Hydrodamalis'' is a genus of extinct herbivorous sirenian marine mammals, and included the Steller's sea cow (''Hydrodamalis gigas''), the Cuesta sea cow (''Hydrodamalis cuestae''), and the Takikawa sea cow (''Hydrodamalis spissa''). The foss ...
''
*** Steller's sea cow, ''H. gigas''
Order: Rodentia (rodents)
Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though thecapybara
The capybaraAlso called capivara (in Brazil), capiguara (in Bolivia), chigüire, chigüiro, or fercho (in Colombia and Venezuela), carpincho (in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay) and ronsoco (in Peru). or greater capybara (''Hydrochoerus hydro ...
can weigh up to .
*Suborder: Sciurognathi
**Family: Castoridae
The family Castoridae contains the two living species of beavers and their fossil relatives. A highly diverse group of rodents within this family once roamed the earth, but only a single genus is extant today, '' Castor''.
Characteristics
Ca ...
(beavers)
***Genus: '' Castor''
**** North American beaver, ''C. canadensis'' introduced
**** Eurasian beaver, ''C. fiber''
**Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
***Subfamily: Sciurinae
Sciurinae is a subfamily of squirrels (in the family Sciuridae), uniting the flying squirrels with certain related tree squirrels. Older sources place the flying squirrels in a separate subfamily (Pteromyinae) and unite all remaining sciurids into ...
****Tribe: Sciurini
Sciurini is a tribe that includes about forty species of squirrels,Thorington and Hoffmann, 2005, p. 754 mostly from the Americas. It includes five living genera—the American dwarf squirrels, '' Microsciurus''; the Bornean '' Rheithrosciuru ...
*****Genus: '' Sciurus''
****** Red squirrel, ''S. vulgaris''
****Tribe: Pteromyini
*****Genus: '' Pteromys''
****** Siberian flying squirrel
The Siberian flying squirrel (''Pteromys volans'') is an Old World flying squirrel ranging from the Baltic Sea in the west, throughout Northern Asia to the coast of the Pacific Ocean in the east. It is the only species of flying squirrel in Eur ...
, ''P. volans''
***Subfamily: Xerinae
The Xerinae comprise a subfamily of squirrels, many of which are highly terrestrial. It includes the tribes Marmotini (marmots, chipmunks, prairie dogs, and other Holarctic ground squirrels), Xerini (African and some Eurasian ground squirrels), ...
****Tribe: Marmotini
*****Genus: '' Marmota''
****** Gray marmot, ''M. baibacina''
****** Bobak marmot
The bobak marmot (''Marmota bobak''), also known as the steppe marmot, is a species of marmot that inhabits the steppes of Eastern Europe and Central Asia. It is a social animal and inhabits steppe grassland, including cultivated field borders. ...
, ''Marmota bobak''
****** Black-capped marmot
The black-capped marmot (''Marmota camtschatica'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is endemic to the Russian Far East, but its range is discontinuous and divided into three main parts, each with its own subspecies. The black-c ...
, ''Marmota camtschatica''
****** Forest-steppe marmot
The forest-steppe marmot (''Marmota kastschenkoi'') is a rodent species of the marmot genus found in south-central Russia. It lives in wooded forest steppe at an altitude of in a relatively small region located directly east of the upper Ob Riv ...
, ''Marmota kastschenkoi''
****** Tarbagan marmot
The tarbagan marmot (''Marmota sibirica'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is found in China (Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang), northern and western Mongolia, and Russia (southwest Siberia, Tuva, Transbaikalia). In the Mongo ...
, ''Marmota sibirica''
*****Genus: '' Spermophilus''
****** Daurian ground squirrel, ''Spermophilus dauricus''
****** Red-cheeked ground squirrel
The red-cheeked ground squirrel (''Spermophilus erythrogenys'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae. It is commonly referred to as the red-cheeked ground souslik and there are several recognized subspecies. It is found in central Asia. ...
, ''Spermophilus erythrogenys''
****** Russet ground squirrel, ''Spermophilus major''
****** Little ground squirrel, ''Spermophilus pygmaeus''
****** Speckled ground squirrel
The speckled ground squirrel or spotted souslik (''Spermophilus suslicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Sciuridae from Eastern Europe. ''Spermophilus suslicus'' consists of three subspecies: ''S. s. boristhenicus'', ''S. s. guttatus'', a ...
, ''Spermophilus suslicus''
****** Long-tailed ground squirrel
The long-tailed ground squirrel or Eversmann's souslik (''Urocitellus undulatus'') is a species of rodent in the squirrel family Sciuridae. It is found in China, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, and Russia.
Description
The long-tailed ground squirrel has ...
, ''Spermophilus undulatus''
*****Genus: '' Eutamias''
****** Siberian chipmunk
The Siberian chipmunk (''Eutamias sibiricus''), also called common chipmunk is native to northern Asia from central Russia to China, Korea, and Hokkaidō in northern Japan. It was imported from South Korea and introduced in Europe as a pet in ...
, ''E. sibiricus''
**Family: Gliridae (dormice)
***Subfamily: Leithiinae
Leithiinae is a subfamily of dormice. It is named after the '' Leithia'', an extinct genus of giant dormouse from the Pleistocene of Sicily.
Classification
Subfamily Leithiinae
*Genus '' Chaetocauda''
** Chinese dormouse, ''Chaetocauda sichuanen ...
****Genus: ''Dryomys
''Dryomys'' is a genus of dormouse. Collectively the members of the genus are referred to as forest dormice, although the type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a ...
''
***** Forest dormouse
The forest dormouse (''Dryomys nitedula'') is a species of rodent in the family Gliridae found in eastern Europe, the Balkans and parts of western Central Asia. It is categorized as being of least concern in the ''IUCN List of Threatened Specie ...
, ''Dryomys nitedula''
****Genus: ''Muscardinus
The hazel dormouse or common dormouse (''Muscardinus avellanarius'') is a small mammal and the only living species in the genus ''Muscardinus''.
Distribution and habitat
The hazel dormouse is native to northern Europe and Asia Minor. It is the ...
''
***** Hazel dormouse
The hazel dormouse or common dormouse (''Muscardinus avellanarius'') is a small mammal and the only living species in the genus ''Muscardinus''.
Distribution and habitat
The hazel dormouse is native to northern Europe and Asia Minor. It is the ...
, ''Muscardinus avellanarius''
***Subfamily: Glirinae
The Glirinae are a subfamily of dormice (Gliridae); it contains two extant genera, one being monotypic and the other containing two species:
Subfamily Glirinae
*Genus '' Glirulus''
** Japanese dormouse, ''Glirulus japonicus''
*Genus '' Glis''
* ...
****Genus: ''Glis
Glis was an electronic music project founded in 2001 by Shaun Frandsen of Seattle, WA. The band experienced several lineup changes and guest appearances, with frontman Shaun Frandsen acting as primary producer, vocalist, songwriter, and instrume ...
''
***** European edible dormouse, ''Glis glis''
**Family: Dipodidae
Jerboas (from ar, جربوع ') are hopping desert rodents found throughout North Africa and Asia, and are members of the family Dipodidae. They tend to live in hot deserts.
When chased, jerboas can run at up to . Some species are preyed on b ...
(jerboas)
***Subfamily: Allactaginae
Allactaginae is a subfamily of rodents.
Classification
Subfamily Allactaginae
*Genus '' Allactaga''
**''incertae sedis
' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefin ...
****Genus: ''Allactaga
The genus ''Allactaga'' contains the four and five-toed jerboas of Asia. They are small mammals belonging to the order of rodents. They are characteristically known as the hopping rodents of the desert and semi-arid regions. They have long hind f ...
''
***** Small five-toed jerboa
The small five-toed jerboa (''Allactaga elater'') is a rodent of the family Dipodidae and genus ''Allactaga'', that has five digits. They are hopping rodents of the rocky deserts in Asia. They have been found in Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, ...
, ''Allactaga elater''
***** Great jerboa
The great jerboa (''Allactaga major'') is a species of rodent in the family Dipodidae. It is found in Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan. It mainly lives in deserts.
Description
The great jerboa is the biggest of all ...
, ''Allactaga major''
****Genus: ''Pygeretmus
''Pygeretmus'' is a genus of rodent in the family Dipodidae. It contains the following species:
* Lesser fat-tailed jerboa (''Pygeretmus platyurus'')
* Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa (''Pygeretmus pumilio'')
* Greater fat-tailed jerboa
The greater ...
''
***** Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa, ''Pygeretmus pumilio''
***Subfamily: Cardiocraniinae
Cardiocraniinae is a subfamily of rodent
Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% ...
****Genus: ''Salpingotus
''Salpingotus'' is a genus of rodent
Rodents (from Latin , 'to gnaw') are mammals of the order Rodentia (), which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws. About 40% of a ...
''
***** Heptner's pygmy jerboa, ''Salpingotus heptneri''
***Subfamily: Dipodinae
Dipodinae is a subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names ...
****Genus: ''Dipus
''Dipus'' is a genus of jerboa. Today only a single species is extant, the northern three-toed jerboa ''(Dipus sagitta)'', widespread throughout Central Asia. The genus has a fossil record that dates back to the Miocene
The Miocene ( ) is the ...
''
***** Northern three-toed jerboa
The northern three-toed jerboa (''Dipus sagitta'') is a species of rodent in the family Dipodidae. It is the only extant species within the genus ''Dipus''.
It ranges across Iran, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Russia, China and Mongoli ...
, ''Dipus sagitta''
****Genus: ''Stylodipus
''Stylodipus'' is a genus of rodent in the family Dipodidae
Jerboas (from ar, جربوع ') are hopping desert rodents found throughout North Africa and Asia, and are members of the family Dipodidae. They tend to live in hot deserts.
When ...
''
***** Thick-tailed three-toed jerboa
The thick-tailed three-toed jerboa (''Stylodipus telum'') is a species of rodent in the family Dipodidae. It is found in China, Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. Its typical habitat is steppe, desert and mountain grassl ...
, ''Stylodipus telum''
***Subfamily: Sicistinae
****Genus: ''Sicista
Birch mice (genus ''Sicista'') are small jumping rodents that resemble mice with long, tufted tails and very long hind legs, allowing for remarkable leaps. They are the only extant members of the family Sminthidae. They are native to Eurasian for ...
''
***** Northern birch mouse
The northern birch mouse (''Sicista betulina'') is a small rodent about 5 to 8 cm long (without the tail), weighing 5 to 13 g. It lives in northern Europe and Asia in forest and marsh zones.
It hibernates in burrows. It eats shoots, grain ...
, ''Sicista betulina''
***** Caucasian birch mouse
The Caucasian birch mouse (''Sicista caucasica'') is a species of rodent in the family Sminthidae, that is endemic to Russia. Reports that it occurs in Turkey probably refer to Armenian birch mouse (''Sicista armenica''), from which it can only ...
, ''Sicista caucasica''
***** Long-tailed birch mouse
The long-tailed birch mouse (''Sicista caudata'') is a species of birch mouse found in Northeast Asia. It has been reported from the Ussuri region of Manchuria, Sakhalin Island and Primorsky Krai in Russia, and northern North Korea. It is list ...
, ''Sicista caudata''
***** Kazbeg birch mouse, ''Sicista kazbegica''
***** Kluchor birch mouse, ''Sicista kluchorica''
***** Altai birch mouse
The Altai birch mouse (''Sicista napaea'') is a species of rodent in the family Sminthidae. It is native to Russia and Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central ...
, ''Sicista napaea''
***** Severtzov's birch mouse
The Severtzov's birch mouse, or dark birch mouse (''Sicista severtzovi'') is a species of rodent in the family Sminthidae. It is endemic to East-European steppes (E Ukraine and S-W Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a ...
, ''Sicista severtzovi''
***** Strand's birch mouse
Strand's birch mouse (''Sicista strandi'') is a species of rodent in the family Sminthidae. It is endemic to Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is ...
, ''Sicista strandi''
***** Southern birch mouse
The southern birch mouse (''Sicista subtilis'') is a species of birch mouse in the family Sminthidae. It is native to southern Russia, Kazakhstan, and potentially northern Mongolia and China.
Taxonomy
The Hungarian birch mouse (''S. trizona ...
, ''Sicista subtilis''
**Family: Spalacidae
The Spalacidae, or spalacids, are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. They are native to eastern Asia, the Horn of Africa, the Middle East, and southeastern Europe. It includes the blind mole-rats, bamboo rats, ...
***Subfamily: Myospalacinae
Zokors are Asiatic burrowing rodents resembling mole-rats. They include two genera: '' Myospalax'' and '' Eospalax''. Zokors are native to much of China, Kazakhstan, and Siberian Russia.
Traditionally, zokors were thought to be closely relate ...
****Genus: ''Myospalax
''Myospalax'' is a genus of rodents in the family Spalacidae. It contains these species of zokor:
* False zokor, ''M. aspalax''
*Siberian zokor
The Siberian zokor (''Myospalax myospalax'') is a species of rodent in the family Spalacidae. It ...
''
***** False zokor, ''Myospalax aspalax''
***** Transbaikal zokor
The Transbaikal zokor (''Myospalax psilurus'') is a species of rodent in the family Spalacidae. It is found in China, Mongolia, and Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe ...
, ''Myospalax epsilanus''
***** Siberian zokor, ''Myospalax myospalax''
***** Transbaikal zokor
The Transbaikal zokor (''Myospalax psilurus'') is a species of rodent in the family Spalacidae. It is found in China, Mongolia, and Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe ...
, ''Myospalax psilurus''
***Subfamily: Spalacinae
The blind mole-rats, also known as the fossorial or subterranean mole rats, are a subfamily (Spalacinae) of rodents in the family Spalacidae, found in eastern Europe and western & central Asia. The hystricognath mole-rats of the family Bathyerg ...
****Genus: '' Spalax''
***** Russian mole rat, ''Spalax giganteus''
***** Greater mole rat, ''Spalax microphthalmus''
**Family: Cricetidae
The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemmings, muskrats, and New World rats and mice. At almost 608 species, it is the second-largest family of mammals, and has me ...
***Subfamily: Cricetinae
****Genus: ''Cricetus
The European hamster (''Cricetus cricetus''), also known as the Eurasian hamster, black-bellied hamster or common hamster, is the only species of hamster in the genus ''Cricetus''. It is native to grassland and similar habitats in a large part ...
''
*****European hamster
The European hamster (''Cricetus cricetus''), also known as the Eurasian hamster, black-bellied hamster or common hamster, is the only species of hamster in the genus ''Cricetus''. It is native to grassland and similar habitats in a large part ...
, ''C. cricetus''
****Genus: ''Cricetulus
''Cricetulus'' is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae (voles and hamsters); it has seven member species that inhabit arid or semi-arid regions in Eurasia.
They tend to be more ratlike in appearance than typical hamsters, hence the common ...
''
***** Chinese striped hamster, ''Cricetulus barabensis''
***** Long-tailed dwarf hamster, ''Cricetulus longicaudatus''
***** Grey dwarf hamster, ''Cricetulus migratorius''
****Genus: ''Mesocricetus
''Mesocricetus'' is a genus of Old World hamsters, including the Syrian or golden hamster, the first hamster to be introduced as a domestic pet, and still the most popular species of hamster for that purpose.
Recent research has shown that, unl ...
''
***** Ciscaucasian hamster
The Ciscaucasian hamster (''Mesocricetus raddei'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is also known as the Georgian hamster and is found only in Georgia and Russia.
Distribution and habitat
This hamster occurs on the northern ...
, ''Mesocricetus raddei''
****Genus: ''Phodopus
''Phodopus'', a genus of rodents in the hamster subfamily Cricetinae—a division of the larger family Cricetidae—is a lineage of small hamsters native to central Asia that display unusual adaptations to extreme temperatures. They are the only ...
''
***** Campbell's dwarf hamster
Campbell's dwarf hamster (''Phodopus campbelli'') is a species of hamster in the genus '' Phodopus''. It was given its common name by Oldfield Thomas in honor of Charles William Campbell, who collected the first specimen in Mongolia on July 1, ...
, ''Phodopus campbelli''
***** Roborovski hamster
The Roborovski hamster (''Phodopus roborovskii''), also known as the desert hamster, Robo dwarf hamster, or simply dwarf hamster, is the smallest of three species of hamster in the genus '' Phodopus''. It lives in the deserts of Central Asia, aver ...
, ''Phodopus roborovskii''
***** Winter white Russian dwarf hamster, ''Phodopus sungorus''
****Genus: ''Tscherskia
The greater long-tailed hamster (''Tscherskia triton'') is a rodent native to Siberia, the Korean Peninsula, and China. It is the only member of the genus ''Tscherskia''. Taxonomy
The genetic diversity of ''Tscherskia triton'' has a positive co ...
''
***** Greater long-tailed hamster
The greater long-tailed hamster (''Tscherskia triton'') is a rodent native to Siberia, the Korean Peninsula, and China. It is the only member of the genus ''Tscherskia''. Taxonomy
The genetic diversity of ''Tscherskia triton'' has a positive co ...
, ''Tscherskia triton''
***Subfamily: Arvicolinae
The Arvicolinae are a subfamily of rodents that includes the voles, lemmings, and muskrats. They are most closely related to the other subfamilies in the Cricetidae (comprising the hamsters and New World rats and mice). Some authorities place ...
****Genus: ''Alticola
''Alticola'' is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
Species
*Subgenus ''Alticola''
** White-tailed mountain vole (''Alticola albicauda'')
** Silver mountain vole (''Alticola argentatus'')
** Gobi Altai mountain vole (''Alticola ba ...
''
***** Gobi Altai mountain vole, ''Alticola barakshin''
***** Lemming vole
The lemming vole (''Alticola lemminus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in the Russian Federation
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Nor ...
, ''Alticola lemminus''
***** Large-eared vole
The large-eared vole (''Alticola macrotis'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is found in Mongolia and the Russian Federation
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Eu ...
, ''Alticola macrotis''
***** Flat-headed vole, ''Alticola strelzowi''
***** Tuva silver vole
The Tuva silver vole (''Alticola tuvinicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is found in Mongolia and Russian Federation
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Euro ...
, ''Alticola tuvinicus''
****Genus: ''Arvicola
The water voles are large voles in the genus ''Arvicola''. They are found in both aquatic and dry habitat through Europe and much of northern Asia. A water vole found in Western North America was historically considered a member of this genu ...
''
***** European water vole, ''A. amphibius''
****Genus: '' Chionomys''
***** Caucasian snow vole, ''Chionomys gud''
***** Robert's snow vole
Robert's snow vole (''Chionomys roberti'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is found in Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Russian Federation, and Turkey.
Its natural habitats are temperate forests and temperate grassland
A grasslan ...
, ''Chionomys roberti''
****Genus: '' Clethrionomys''
***** Bank vole
The bank vole (''Myodes glareolus'') is a small vole with red-brown fur and some grey patches, with a tail about half as long as its body. A rodent, it lives in woodland areas and is around in length. The bank vole is found in much of Europe an ...
, ''Clethrionomys glareolus''
***** Grey red-backed vole, ''Clethrionomys rufocanus''
***** Northern red-backed vole, ''Clethrionomys rutilus''
***** Shikotan vole, ''Clethrionomys sikotanensis''
****Genus: '' Dicrostonyx''
***** Arctic lemming
The Arctic lemming (''Dicrostonyx torquatus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
Although generally classified as a "least concern" species, the Novaya Zemlya subspecies ''(Dicrostonyx torquatus ungulatus)'' is considered a vulner ...
, ''Dicrostonyx torquatus''
***** Wrangel lemming, ''Dicrostonyx vinogradovi''
****Genus: '' Lagurus''
***** Steppe lemming, ''Lagurus lagurus''
****Genus: ''Lasiopodomys
''Lasiopodomys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It contains the following species:
* Brandt's vole
Brandt's vole, (''Lasiopodomys brandtii''), also known as the steppe vole, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It i ...
''
***** Brandt's vole
Brandt's vole, (''Lasiopodomys brandtii''), also known as the steppe vole, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is native to shrublands and grasslands in Russia, Mongolia and northern China.
Characteristics
Brandt's vole is about ...
, ''Lasiopodomys brandtii''
****Genus: '' Lemmus''
***** Amur lemming
The Amur lemming (''Lemmus amurensis'') is a species of lemmings found near the Amur River in Siberia
Siberia ( ; rus, Сибирь, r=Sibir', p=sʲɪˈbʲirʲ, a=Ru-Сибирь.ogg) is an extensive geographical region, constituting all of ...
, ''Lemmus amurensis''
***** Norway lemming
The Norway lemming, also known as the Norwegian lemming (''Lemmus lemmus'') is a common species of lemming found in northern Fennoscandia, where it is the only vertebrate species endemic to the region. The Norway lemming dwells in tundra and fell ...
, ''Lemmus lemmus''
***** Brown lemming, ''Lemmus sibiricus''
****Genus: ''Microtus
''Microtus'' is a genus of voles found in North America, Europe and northern Asia. The genus name refers to the small ears of these animals. About 62 species are placed in the genus. They are stout rodents with short ears, legs and tails. They e ...
''
***** Field vole
The short-tailed field vole, short-tailed vole, or simply field vole (''Microtus agrestis'') is a grey-brown vole, around 10 cm in length, with a short tail. It is one of the most common mammals in Europe, with a range extending from the Atl ...
, ''Microtus agrestis''
***** Common vole
The common vole (''Microtus arvalis'') is a European rodent.
Distribution and habitat
The common vole is hardly restricted in means of distribution and habitat and inhabits large areas of Eurasia but, apart from the Orkney vole, not the Br ...
, ''Microtus arvalis''
***** Daghestan pine vole
The Daghestan pine vole (''Microtus daghestanicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is found in Russia, Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan (, ; az, Azərbaycan ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, , also ...
, ''Microtus daghestanicus''
***** Evorsk vole, ''Microtus evoronensis''
***** Reed vole
The reed vole (''Alexandromys fortis'') is a species of vole. It is found in northern and central Eurasia, including northern China and the Korean Peninsula. This species is somewhat larger and longer-tailed than most other voles.
Description ...
, ''Microtus fortis''
***** Narrow-headed vole, ''Microtus gregalis''
***** North Siberian vole, ''Microtus hyperboreus''
***** Maximowicz's vole
Maximowicz's vole (''Microtus maximowiczii'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is found in northeastern China, Mongolia, and eastern Russia.
Description
Maximowicz's vole is one of the largest voles in the genus ''Microtus''. ...
, ''Microtus maximowiczii''
***** Middendorf's vole
Middendorf's vole (''Microtus middendorffi'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is found only in Russia, most commonly north Siberia.
The common name commemorates Alexander Theodor von Middendorff (1815–1894), a German–Rus ...
, ''Microtus middendorffi''
***** Mongolian vole
The Mongolian vole (''Microtus mongolicus'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae.
It is found in China, Mongolia, and Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe an ...
, ''Microtus mongolicus''
***** Muisk vole
The Muya Valley vole or Muisk vole (''Alexandromys mujanensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae
The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true hamsters, voles, lemming ...
, ''Microtus mujanensis''
***** Nasarov's vole, ''Microtus nasarovi''
***** Altai vole, ''Microtus obscurus''
***** Tundra vole
The tundra vole (''Microtus oeconomus'') or root vole is a medium-sized vole found in Northern and Central Europe, Asia, and northwestern North America, including Alaska and northwestern Canada. In the western part of the Netherlands, the tundra ...
, ''Microtus oeconomus''
***** Southern vole
The East European vole (''Microtus mystacinus'') is a species of vole (rodent) in the family Cricetidae.
Distribution and habitat
It is found in Albania, Bulgaria, Finland, Greece, Iran, Svalbard (accidentally introduced), North Macedonia, Roman ...
, ''Microtus rossiaemeridionalis''
***** Sakhalin vole, ''Microtus sachalinensis''
***** European pine vole
The European pine vole (''Microtus subterraneus''), also known as the common pine vole, is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae
The Cricetidae are a family of rodents in the large and complex superfamily Muroidea. It includes true ha ...
, ''Microtus subterraneus''
****Genus: ''Myopus
The wood lemming (''Myopus schisticolor'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It belongs to the rodent subfamily Arvicolinae, so is a relative of the voles, lemmings, and muskrats.
It is found in the taiga biome of China, Estonia, ...
''
***** Wood lemming
The wood lemming (''Myopus schisticolor'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It belongs to the rodent subfamily Arvicolinae, so is a relative of the voles, lemmings, and muskrats.
It is found in the taiga biome of China, Estonia, F ...
, ''Myopus schisticolor''
**Family: Muridae
The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia.
The name Muridae comes ...
(mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
***Subfamily: Gerbillinae
****Genus: '' Meriones''
***** Mid-day jird, ''Meriones meridianus''
***** Tamarisk jird, ''Meriones tamariscinus''
***** Mongolian jird, ''Meriones unguiculatus''
***Subfamily: Murinae
****Genus: ''Apodemus
''Apodemus'' is a genus of Muridae (true mice and rats). The name is unrelated to that of the '' Mus'' genus, instead being derived from the Greek ἀπό-δημος (literally ''away from home'').
Taxonomy
Related to the Ryūkyū spiny rat ...
''
***** Striped field mouse, ''Apodemus agrarius''
***** Yellow-necked mouse
The yellow-necked mouse (''Apodemus flavicollis''), also called yellow-necked field mouse, yellow-necked wood mouse, and South China field mouse, is closely related to the wood mouse, with which it was long confused. It was only recognised as a s ...
, ''Apodemus flavicollis''
***** Yellow-breasted field mouse, ''Apodemus fulvipectus''
***** Korean field mouse, ''Apodemus peninsulae''
***** Black Sea field mouse, ''Apodemus ponticus''
***** Wood mouse
The wood mouse (''Apodemus sylvaticus'') is a murid rodent native to Europe and northwestern Africa. It is closely related to the yellow-necked mouse (''Apodemus flavicollis'') but differs in that it has no band of yellow fur around the neck, h ...
, ''Apodemus sylvaticus''
***** Ural field mouse
The Ural field mouse (''Apodemus uralensis'') is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is also known as the pygmy field mouse. It is found in Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, China, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Georg ...
, ''Apodemus uralensis''
****Genus: ''Micromys
''Micromys'' is a genus of small rodents in the subfamily Murinae. The genus contains two living species: the widespread Eurasian harvest mouse (''Micromys minutus'') of much of Europe and Asia; and the more restricted Indochinese harvest mouse ...
''
***** Eurasian harvest mouse
The harvest mouse (''Micromys minutus'') is a small rodent native to Europe and Asia. It is typically found in fields of cereal crops, such as wheat and oats, in reed beds and in other tall ground vegetation, such as long grass and hedgerows. It ...
, ''Micromys minutus''
****Genus: '' Rattus''
*****Brown rat
The brown rat (''Rattus norvegicus''), also known as the common rat, street rat, sewer rat, wharf rat, Hanover rat, Norway rat, Norwegian rat and Parisian rat, is a widespread species of common rat. One of the largest muroids, it is a brown or ...
, ''R. norvegicus'' introduced
*****Black rat
The black rat (''Rattus rattus''), also known as the roof rat, ship rat, or house rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the stereotypical rat genus ''Rattus'', in the subfamily Murinae. It likely originated in the Indian subcontinent, but is n ...
, ''R. rattus''
Order:
Lagomorpha
The lagomorphs are the members of the taxonomic order Lagomorpha, of which there are two living families: the Leporidae (hares and rabbits) and the Ochotonidae (pikas). The name of the order is derived from the Ancient Greek ''lagos'' (λαγ� ...
(lagomorphs)
The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hare
Hares and jackrabbits are mammals belonging to the genus ''Lepus''. They are herbivores, and live solitarily or in pairs. They nest in slight depressions called forms, and their young are able to fend for themselves shortly after birth. The gen ...
s and rabbits), and Ochotonidae ( pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.
*Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
**Genus: ''Lepus
Hares and jackrabbits are mammals belonging to the genus ''Lepus''. They are herbivores, and live solitarily or in pairs. They nest in slight depressions called forms, and their young are able to fend for themselves shortly after birth. The gen ...
''
*** European hare, ''L. europaeus''
*** Manchurian hare, ''L. mandshuricus''
*** Mountain hare, ''L. timidus''
***Tolai hare
The tolai hare (''Lepus tolai'') is a species of hare native to Central Asia, Mongolia, and Northern and Central China. It inhabits semi-desert, steppes, rocky habitats, and forest meadows. It is relatively common, even in areas with heavy huma ...
, ''L. tolai''
**Genus: '' Oryctolagus''
*** European rabbit, ''O. cuniculus'' introduced
*Family: Ochotonidae (pikas)
**Genus: ''Ochotona
A pika ( or ; archaically spelled pica) is a small, mountain-dwelling mammal found in Asia and North America. With short limbs, very round body, an even coat of fur, and no external tail, they resemble their close relative, the rabbit, but wi ...
''
*** Alpine pika
The alpine pika (''Ochotona alpina'') is a species of small mammal in the pika family, Ochotonidae. The summer pelage of different subspecies varies drastically but, in general, it is dark or cinnamon brown, turning to grey with a yellowish tin ...
, ''O. alpina''
*** Daurian pika
The Daurian pika (''Ochotona dauurica'') is a small relative of rabbits and hares in the order Lagomorpha. It is well known for its “barking” alarm call, and for its peculiar habit of making hay to help survive the winter. There are 4 recogn ...
, ''O. dauurica''
*** Northern pika, ''O. hyperborea''
*** Pallas's pika
Pallas's pika (''Ochotona pallasi''), also known as the Mongolian pika, is a species of small mammals in the pika family, Ochotonidae. It is found mainly in the mountains of western Mongolia.
Description
Pallas's pika can range from anywhere b ...
, ''O. pallasi''
*** Steppe pika, ''O. pusilla''
Order: Eulipotyphla (shrews, hedgehogs, gymnures, moles and solenodons)
Eulipotyphlans are insectivorous mammals.Shrew
Shrews (family Soricidae) are small mole-like mammals classified in the order Eulipotyphla. True shrews are not to be confused with treeshrews, otter shrews, elephant shrews, West Indies shrews, or marsupial shrews, which belong to differen ...
s and solenodon
Solenodons (from el, τέλειος , 'channel' or 'pipe' and el, ὀδούς , 'tooth') are venomous, nocturnal, burrowing, insectivorous mammals belonging to the family Solenodontidae . The two living solenodon species are the Cuban solen ...
s resemble mice, hedgehog
A hedgehog is a spiny mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. There are seventeen species of hedgehog in five genera found throughout parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and in New Zealand by introduction ...
s carry spines, gymnures look more like large rats, while mole
Mole (or Molé) may refer to:
Animals
* Mole (animal) or "true mole", mammals in the family Talpidae, found in Eurasia and North America
* Golden moles, southern African mammals in the family Chrysochloridae, similar to but unrelated to Talpida ...
s are stout-bodied burrowers.
*Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
**Subfamily: Erinaceinae
A hedgehog is a spiny mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. There are seventeen species of hedgehog in five genera found throughout parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and in New Zealand by introduction ...
***Genus: ''Erinaceus
''Erinaceus'' is a genus of hedgehog from the family of Erinaceidae. There are four main species of ''Erinaceus''. The range is all across Europe, throughout the Middle East, parts of Russia, and extending to northern China and Korea. The Euro ...
''
**** Amur hedgehog
The Amur hedgehog (''Erinaceus amurensis''), also called the Manchurian hedgehog, is a hedgehog similar to the European hedgehog in appearance and behaviour, although it is more lightly coloured. It is native to Amur Oblast and Primorye in Russia ...
, ''Erinaceus amurensis''
**** Southern white-breasted hedgehog
The southern white-breasted hedgehog (''Erinaceus concolor''), sometimes referred to as white-bellied hedgehog or white-chested hedgehog, is a hedgehog native to Eastern Europe and Southwestern Asia. Description
It is very similar in lifestyle an ...
, ''Erinaceus concolor''
**** West European hedgehog
The European hedgehog (''Erinaceus europaeus''), also known as the West European hedgehog or common hedgehog, is a hedgehog species native to Europe from Iberia and Italy northwards into Scandinavia and westwards into the British Isles.Harris, S ...
, ''Erinaceus europaeus''
***Genus: ''Mesechinus
''Mesechinus'' is a genus of hedgehogs. It contains four species from East Asia:
* Daurian hedgehog
The Daurian hedgehog (''Mesechinus dauuricus'') is a solitary small hedgehog. It is listed in the Red book of Russian Federation as a protec ...
''
**** Daurian hedgehog
The Daurian hedgehog (''Mesechinus dauuricus'') is a solitary small hedgehog. It is listed in the Red book of Russian Federation as a protected species with an unclear status, generally considered to be endangered, although the IUCN lists it as ...
, ''Mesechinus dauuricus''
*Family: Soricidae (shrews)
**Subfamily: Crocidurinae
The white-toothed shrews or Crocidurinae are one of three subfamilies of the shrew family Soricidae.
The outer layer of these shrews' teeth is white, unlike that of the red-toothed shrews. These species are typically found in Africa and southe ...
***Genus: ''Crocidura
The genus ''Crocidura'' is one of nine genera of the shrew subfamily Crocidurinae. Members of the genus are commonly called white-toothed shrews or musk shrews, although both also apply to all of the species in the subfamily. With over 180 speci ...
''
**** Gueldenstaedt's shrew, ''Crocidura gueldenstaedtii''
**** Ussuri white-toothed shrew
The Ussuri white-toothed shrew (''Crocidura lasiura'') is a species of musk shrew found on the mainland Northeast Asia
Northeast Asia or Northeastern Asia is a geographical subregion of Asia; its northeastern landmass and islands are bounded ...
, ''Crocidura lasiura''
**** Bicolored shrew
The bicolored shrew or bicoloured white-toothed shrew (''Crocidura leucodon'') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in eastern, central and southern Europe and in western Asia. It is a nocturnal species and feeds on insect ...
, ''Crocidura leucodon''
**** Siberian shrew
The Siberian shrew (''Crocidura sibirica') is a species of mammal in the family Soricidae. It is found in Russia, and possibly China and Mongolia
Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a la ...
, ''Crocidura sibirica''
****Lesser white-toothed shrew
The lesser white-toothed shrew (''Crocidura suaveolens'') is a tiny shrew with a widespread distribution in Africa, Asia and Europe. Its preferred habitat is scrub and gardens and it feeds on insects, arachnids, worms, gastropods, newts and sm ...
, ''C. suaveolens''
**Subfamily: Soricinae
The red-toothed shrews of the subfamily Soricinae are one of three living subfamilies of shrews, along with Crocidurinae (white-toothed shrews) and Myosoricinae (African white-toothed shrews). In addition, the family contains the extinct subfami ...
***Tribe: Nectogalini
Nectogalini is a tribe of Old World water shrews within the family Soricidae. As of late 2007, it consisted of six extant genera and 25 species, with some of the latter being further divided into subspecies.
Adaptation to semiaquatic life
Memb ...
****Genus: ''Neomys
The genus ''Neomys'' is a group of three Eurasian water shrews from the subfamily Soricinae of the family Soricidae. These shrews are found in most of Europe and parts of northern Asia, as well as Turkey and Iran. Its member species are:
* Eur ...
''
***** Eurasian water shrew
The Eurasian water shrew (''Neomys fodiens''), known in the United Kingdom as the water shrew, is a relatively large shrew, up to long, with a tail up to three-quarters as long again. It has short, dark fur, often with a few white tufts, a white ...
, ''Neomys fodiens''
***Tribe: Soricini
****Genus: ''Sorex
The genus ''Sorex'' includes many of the common shrews of Eurasia and North America, and contains at least 142 known species and subspecies. Members of this genus, known as long-tailed shrews, are the only members of the tribe Soricini of the su ...
''
***** Common shrew
The common shrew (''Sorex araneus''), also known as the Eurasian shrew, is the most common shrew, and one of the most common mammals, throughout Northern Europe, including Great Britain, but excluding Ireland. It is long and weighs , and has v ...
, ''Sorex araneus''
***** Laxmann's shrew
Laxmann's shrew (''Sorex caecutiens''), or the masked shrew, is a species of shrew. Its range extends from northern Scandinavia and the Baltic to the Sea of Japan, including Hokkaidō, Sakhalin, and the Korean Peninsula. It favours mountain fore ...
, ''Sorex caecutiens''
***** Kamchatka shrew, ''Sorex camtschatica''
***** Siberian large-toothed shrew
The Siberian large-toothed shrew (''Sorex daphaenodon'') is a species of shrew. An adult Siberian large-toothed shrew has a weight of and a body length of , with a tail of . This species is found across Northeast Asia, from Mongolia through nort ...
, ''Sorex daphaenodon''
***** Slender shrew
The slender shrew (''Sorex gracillimus'') is a species of shrew. An adult slender shrew has a weight of and a body length of , with a tail of ; this makes it one of the smaller shrews found in its range. It is distributed across northeastern Nort ...
, ''Sorex gracillimus''
***** Taiga shrew
The taiga shrew (''Sorex isodon''), also known as the even-toothed shrew can achieve a body length of about 67 millimeters, with a tail of about 43 millimeters. This shrew is very similar to the long-clawed shrew. This species inhabits forested ...
, ''Sorex isodon''
***** Paramushir shrew, ''Sorex leucogaster'' VU
***** Eurasian least shrew, ''Sorex minutissimus''
***** Eurasian pygmy shrew
The Eurasian pygmy shrew (''Sorex minutus''), often known simply as the pygmy shrew, is a widespread shrew of the northern Palearctic.
Description
It measures about in length, not including the tail, and has an average weight of .The hair on t ...
, ''Sorex minutus''
***** Ussuri shrew
The Ussuri shrew (''Sorex mirabilis''), also known as the giant shrew, is a species of shrew found in Northeast Asia. An adult Ussuri shrew has a total length including the tail of . It is found in valleys and on the forested slopes of mountains ...
, ''Sorex mirabilis''
***** Portenko's shrew, ''Sorex portenkoi''
***** Radde's shrew, ''Sorex raddei''
***** Flat-skulled shrew, ''Sorex roboratus''
***** Caucasian shrew, ''Sorex satunini''
***** Tundra shrew, ''Sorex tundrensis''
***** Long-clawed shrew
The long-clawed shrew (''Sorex unguiculatus'') is a species of shrew. An adult long-clawed shrew has a weight of less than and a body length of to , with a tail of to . It is distributed through the uplands of northeastern Asia, including nor ...
, ''Sorex unguiculatus''
***** Caucasian pygmy shrew, ''Sorex volnuchini''
*Family: Talpidae
The family Talpidae () includes the moles (some of whom are called shrew moles and desmans) who are small insectivorous mammals of the order Eulipotyphla. Talpids are all digging animals to various degrees: moles are completely subterranean a ...
(moles)
**Subfamily: Talpinae
The subfamily Talpinae, sometimes called "Old World moles" or "Old World moles and relatives", is one of three subfamilies of the mole family Talpidae, the others being the Scalopinae, or New World moles, and the Uropsilinae, or shrew-like mo ...
***Tribe: Desmanini
****Genus: ''Desmana
''Desmana'' is a genus of mole that contains a single living species, the Russian desman ''(Desmana moschata)''. A number of fossil species are known from throughout Eurasia.
The oldest species is ''Desmana marci'' from the earliest Pliocene of ...
''
***** Russian desman
The Russian desman (''Desmana moschata'') (russian: выхухоль ''vykhukhol'') is a small semiaquatic mammal that inhabits the Volga, Don and Ural River basins in Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan. It constructs burrows into the banks of pon ...
, ''Desmana moschata'' VU
***Tribe: Talpini
****Genus: ''Mogera
''Mogera'' is a genus of mammals in the family Talpidae
The family Talpidae () includes the moles (some of whom are called shrew moles and desmans) who are small insectivorous mammals of the order Eulipotyphla. Talpids are all digging ani ...
''
***** Large mole
The Ussuri mole or large mole (''Mogera robusta''), is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae, formerlly treated as a subspecies of the Japanese mole. It is found in China, North Korea, South Korea, and Russia and lives in a long burrow, s ...
, ''Mogera robusta''
****Genus: ''Talpa Talpa may refer to:
Places
* Talpa, Iran, a village in Khuzestan Province, Iran
* Talpa, Teleorman, a commune in Teleorman County, Romania
* Talpa, a village in Cândeşti Commune, Botoşani County, Romania
* Talpa, a village in Bârgăuani Commun ...
''
***** Siberian mole, ''Talpa altaica''
***** Caucasian mole
The Caucasian mole (''Talpa caucasica'') is a mammal in the family Talpidae that is endemic to the Caucasus Mountains
The Caucasus Mountains,
: pronounced
* hy, Կովկասյան լեռներ,
: pronounced
* az, Qafqaz dağları, p ...
, ''Talpa caucasica''
***** European mole
The European mole (''Talpa europaea'') is a mammal of the order Eulipotyphla. It is also known as the common mole and the northern mole.
This mole lives in a tunnel system, which it constantly extends. It uses these tunnels to hunt its prey. U ...
, ''Talpa europaea''
***** Levantine mole
The Levant mole (''Talpa levantis'') is a species of mammal in the family Talpidae. It is found in Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Russia, and Turkey.
There are two subspecies, ''T. l. levantis'' and ''T. l. transcaucasica'' (the Transcaucasian mo ...
, ''Talpa levantis''
Order:
Chiroptera
Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more agile in flight than most bi ...
(bats)
The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.
*Family: Vespertilionidae
**Subfamily: Myotinae
Myotinae is a subfamily of vesper bats. It contains three genera: '' Eudiscopus'', ''Myotis'', and '' Submyotodon''. Before the description of ''Submyotodon'' and analysis of its phylogenetics, as well as a phylogenetic analysis of '' Eudiscopus'' ...
***Genus: ''Myotis
The mouse-eared bats or myotises are a diverse and widespread genus (''Myotis'') of bats within the family Vespertilionidae. The noun "''myotis''" itself is a New Latin construction, from the Greek "''muós'' (meaning "mouse") and "''oûs''" (me ...
''
**** Sakhalin myotis
Daubenton's bat or Daubenton's myotis (''Myotis daubentonii'') is a Eurasian bat with rather short ears. It ranges from Ireland to Japan (Hokkaido) and is considered to be increasing its numbers in many areas.
This bat was first described in 18 ...
, ''M. abei'' DD
****Bechstein's bat
Bechstein's bat (''Myotis bechsteinii'') is a species of vesper bat found in Europe and western Asia, living in extensive areas of woodland.
Description
Bechstein's bat is a medium-sized and relatively long-eared bat. The adult has a long, fluf ...
, ''M. bechsteini''
****Lesser mouse-eared bat
The lesser mouse-eared bat or lesser mouse-eared myotis (''Myotis blythii'') is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Vespertilionidae.
Distribution
Lesser mouse-eared bats can be found in the following countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Au ...
, ''M. blythii''
**** Far eastern myotis, ''M. bombinus'' LC
****Brandt's bat
Brandt's bat or Brandt's myotis (''Myotis brandtii'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is native throughout most of Europe and parts of western Asia.
Taxonomy and etymology
The species was described in 1845 by Ger ...
, ''M. brandti''
****Long-fingered bat
The long-fingered bat (''Myotis capaccinii'') is a carnivorous species of vesper bat. It is native to coastal areas around the Mediterranean Sea, as well as a few patches of land in western Iran. Due to the fact that its population is in decline, ...
, ''M. capaccinii''
****Pond bat
The pond bat (''Myotis dasycneme'') is a species of vesper bat. It is found in Eurasia from France to Russia and Kazakhstan.
Physical characteristics
The bat is medium-sized, with a noticeably short tragus for a species in the genus ''Myotis'' ...
, ''M. dasycneme''
****Daubenton's bat
Daubenton's bat or Daubenton's myotis (''Myotis daubentonii'') is a Eurasian bat with rather short ears. It ranges from Ireland to Japan (Hokkaido) and is considered to be increasing its numbers in many areas.
This bat was first described in 181 ...
, ''M. daubentonii''
****Geoffroy's bat
Geoffroy's bat (''Myotis emarginatus'') is a species of vesper bat.
Description
''M. emarginatus'' is a medium-sized bat with long and woolly fur. The dorsal side of the torso is rust-brown to fox-red and the ventral side is a poorly delinea ...
, ''M. emarginatus''
**** Fraternal myotis, ''Myotis frater'' LC
**** Ikonnikov's bat, ''Myotis ikonnikovi'' LC
**** Big-footed myotis, ''Myotis macrodactylus'' LC
**** Whiskered bat, ''M. mystacinus''
****Natterer's bat
Natterer's bat (''Myotis nattereri'') is a European vespertilionid bat with pale wings. It has brown fur tending to greyish-white on its underside. It is found across most of the continent of Europe, parts of the Near East and North Africa. It fee ...
, ''M. nattereri''
**Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
The Vespertilioninae are a subfamily of vesper bats from the family Vespertilionidae.
Classification
Subfamily Vespertilioninae
*Tribe Antrozoini
**Genus '' Antrozous''
*** Pallid bat, ''Antrozous pallidus''
**Genus '' Bauerus''
*** Van Geld ...
***Genus: '' Barbastella''
**** Western barbastelle, ''B. barbastellus''
***Genus: ''Eptesicus
''Eptesicus'' is a genus of bats, commonly called house bats or serotine bats, in the family Vespertilionidae. The genus name is likely derived from the Greek words ''ptetikos'' 'able to fly' or ''petomai'' 'house flier', although this is not ce ...
''
**** Gobi big brown bat, ''Eptesicus gobiensis'' LC
**** Northern bat
The northern bat (''Eptesicus nilssonii'') is the most abundant species of bat in northern Eurasia occurring from England to Hokkaidō and south to northern India.
Description
The northern bat is dark brown or black with some gold touched at the ...
, ''Eptesicus nilssoni'' LC
**** Serotine bat
The serotine bat (''Eptesicus serotinus''), also known as the common serotine bat, big brown bat, or silky bat, is a fairly large Eurasian bat with quite large ears. It has a wingspan of around and often hunts in woodland. It sometimes roosts ...
, ''Eptesicus serotinus'' LC
***Genus: ''Nyctalus
''Nyctalus'' is a genus of vespertilionid bats commonly known as the noctule bats. They are distributed in the temperate and subtropical areas of Europe, Asia and North Africa.
There are eight species within this genus:
*Birdlike noctule, ''Nyc ...
''
**** Birdlike noctule, ''Nyctalus aviator'' LC
**** Greater noctule bat, ''N. lasiopterus''
**** Lesser noctule, ''N. leisleri''
**** Common noctule, ''N. noctula''
***Genus: '' Pipistrellus''
****Nathusius' pipistrelle
Nathusius' pipistrelle (''Pipistrellus nathusii'') is a small bat in the genus ''Pipistrellus''. It is very similar to the common pipistrelle and has been overlooked in many areas until recently but it is widely distributed across Europe. It wa ...
, ''P. nathusii''
***Genus: '' Plecotus''
**** Brown long-eared bat, ''P. auritus''
***Genus: ''Vespertilio
''Vespertilio'' is a genus of bats in the family Vespertilionidae. The common name for this family is vesper bats, which is a better-known classification than ''Vespertilio''. They are also known as frosted bats.
Species within the genus ''Vespe ...
''
**** Parti-coloured bat
The parti-coloured bat or rearmouse (''Vespertilio murinus'') is a species of vesper bat that lives in temperate Eurasia, from Western and Southern Europe, eastwards over the Caucasus and Iran into Mongolia, north-east China, Korea, Afghanistan a ...
, ''Vespertilio murinus'' LC
**** Asian parti-colored bat
The Asian parti-colored bat (''Vespertilio sinensis'') is a species of parti-coloured bat. An adult Asian parti-colored bat has a body length of , a tail of , and a wing length of . Asian parti-colored bats are distributed across East Asia, fr ...
, ''Vespertilio superans'' LC
**Subfamily: Murininae
The Murininae are a subfamily of bats in the family Vespertilionidae
Vespertilionidae is a family of microbats, of the order Chiroptera, flying, insect-eating mammals variously described as the common, vesper, or simple nosed bats. The vesp ...
***Genus: ''Murina
''Murina'' is a genus of vesper bats. They are found throughout temperate and tropical regions of Asia.
Taxonomy
Species list based on American Society of Mammalogists and ITIS
The Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) is an Ame ...
''
**** Greater tube-nosed bat
The greater tube-nosed bat (''Murina leucogaster'') is a species of bat. An adult greater tube-nosed bat has a body length of 4.2-5.7 cm, a tail length of 3.6-4.1 cm, and a wing length of 3.7-4.4 cm. The species is found in India ...
, ''Murina leucogaster'' LC
**** Ussuri tube-nosed bat
The Ussuri tube-nosed bat (''Murina ussuriensis'') is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is threatened by habitat loss.
It is the only species of bat that hibernates in snowbanks.
Taxonomy and etymology
It was described ...
, ''Murina ussuriensis'' EN
**Subfamily: Miniopterinae
***Genus: '' Miniopterus''
**** Common bent-wing bat, ''M. schreibersii''
*Family: Molossidae
**Genus: ''Tadarida
The genus ''Tadarida'' has 9 or more species of free-tailed bats divided into two subgenera, with the first of these containing seven species spread across the Old World (including southern Europe and North Africa, large parts of southern Asia, ...
''
***European free-tailed bat
The European free-tailed bat (''Tadarida teniotis'', sometimes given as ''Tadarida insignis'') is a species of free-tailed bat found in the Old World. Other common names include the bulldog bat and the mastiff bat because of the presence of wrink ...
, ''T. teniotis''
*Family: Rhinolophidae
**Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
***Genus: '' Rhinolophus''
****Mediterranean horseshoe bat
The Mediterranean horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus euryale'') is a species of insectivorous bat
Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera.''cheir'', "hand" and πτερόν''pteron'', "wing". With their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are ...
, ''R. euryale''
****Greater horseshoe bat
The greater horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus ferrumequinum'') is an insectivorous bat of the genus '' Rhinolophus''. Its distribution covers Europe, Northern Africa, Central Asia and Eastern Asia. It is the largest of the horseshoe bats in Europe and ...
, ''R. ferrumequinum''
**** Lesser horseshoe bat, ''R. hipposideros''
****Mehely's horseshoe bat
Mehely's horseshoe bat (''Rhinolophus mehelyi'') is a species of insectivorous bat in the family Rhinolophidae found in Southern Europe and parts of the Middle East. It is distributed in a narrow band around the Mediterranean Sea from North-Weste ...
, ''R. mehelyi''
Order:
Cetacea
Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals that includes whales, dolphins, and porpoises. Key characteristics are their fully aquatic lifestyle, streamlined body shape, often large size and exclusively carnivorous diet. They propel the ...
(whales)
The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoise
Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals a ...
s. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.
*Suborder: Mysticeti
**Family: Balaenidae
Balaenidae () is a family of whales of the parvorder Mysticeti that contains two living genera: the right whales (genus ''Eubalaena''), and in a separate genus, the closely related bowhead whale (genus '' Balaena'').
Evolutionary history
Bale ...
***Genus: ''Balaena
''Balaena'' is a genus of cetacean (whale) in the family Balaenidae. ''Balaena'' is considered a monotypic genus, as it has only a single extant species, the bowhead whale (''B. mysticetus''). It was named in 1758 by Linnaeus, who at the time co ...
''
**** Bowhead whale
The bowhead whale (''Balaena mysticetus'') is a species of baleen whale belonging to the family Balaenidae and the only living representative of the genus '' Balaena''. They are the only baleen whale endemic to the Arctic and subarctic waters, a ...
, ''Balaena mysticetus''
***Genus: '' Eubalaena''
**** North Pacific right whale
The North Pacific right whale (''Eubalaena japonica'') is a very large, thickset baleen whale species that is extremely rare and endangered.
The Northeast Pacific population, which summers in the southeastern Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska, may ...
, ''Eubalaena japonica'' EN
**Family: Balaenopteridae
Rorquals () are the largest group of baleen whales, which comprise the family Balaenopteridae, containing ten extant species in three genera. They include the largest animal that has ever lived, the blue whale, which can reach , and the fin wha ...
***Subfamily: Balaenopterinae
Rorquals () are the largest group of baleen whales, which comprise the family Balaenopteridae, containing ten extant species in three genera. They include the largest animal that has ever lived, the blue whale, which can reach , and the fin whale ...
****Genus: '' Balaenoptera''
***** Minke whale
The minke whale (), or lesser rorqual, is a species complex of baleen whale. The two species of minke whale are the common (or northern) minke whale and the Antarctic (or southern) minke whale. The minke whale was first described by the Danish n ...
, ''Balaenoptera acutorostrata''
***** Sei whale, ''Balaenoptera borealis'' EN
***** Blue whale
The blue whale (''Balaenoptera musculus'') is a marine mammal and a baleen whale. Reaching a maximum confirmed length of and weighing up to , it is the largest animal known to have ever existed. The blue whale's long and slender body can b ...
, ''Balaenoptera musculus'' EN
***** Fin whale
The fin whale (''Balaenoptera physalus''), also known as finback whale or common rorqual and formerly known as herring whale or razorback whale, is a cetacean belonging to the parvorder of baleen whales. It is the second-longest species of ceta ...
, ''Balaenoptera physalus'' EN
***Subfamily: Megapterinae
The humpback whale (''Megaptera novaeangliae'') is a species of baleen whale. It is a rorqual (a member of the family Balaenopteridae) and is the only species in the genus ''Megaptera''. Adults range in length from and weigh up to . The humpb ...
****Genus: '' Megaptera''
***** Humpback whale
The humpback whale (''Megaptera novaeangliae'') is a species of baleen whale. It is a rorqual (a member of the family Balaenopteridae) and is the only species in the genus ''Megaptera''. Adults range in length from and weigh up to . The hu ...
, ''Megaptera novaeangliae'' VU
**Family: Eschrichtiidae
Eschrichtiidae or the gray whales is a family of baleen whale (Parvorder Mysticeti) with a single extant species, the gray whale (''Eschrichtius robustus''), as well as three described fossil genera: '' Archaeschrichtius'' and '' Eschrichtioides' ...
***Genus: '' Eschrichtius''
**** Gray whale, ''Eschrichtius robustus''
*Suborder: Odontoceti
The toothed whales (also called odontocetes, systematic name Odontoceti) are a parvorder of cetaceans that includes dolphins, porpoises, and all other whales possessing teeth, such as the beaked whales and sperm whales. Seventy-three species of ...
**Superfamily: Platanistoidea
River dolphins are a polyphyletic group of fully aquatic mammals that reside exclusively in freshwater or brackish water. They are an informal grouping of dolphins, which itself is a paraphyletic group within the infraorder Cetacea. Extant riv ...
***Family: Physeteridae
****Genus: ''Physeter
''Physeter'' is a genus of toothed whales. There is only one living species in this genus: the sperm whale (''Physeter macrocephalus''). Some extremely poorly known fossil species have also been assigned to the same genus including ''Physeter ant ...
''
***** Sperm whale
The sperm whale or cachalot (''Physeter macrocephalus'') is the largest of the toothed whales and the largest toothed predator. It is the only living member of the genus '' Physeter'' and one of three extant species in the sperm whale fami ...
, ''Physeter macrocephalus'' VU
***Family: Kogiidae
****Genus: '' Kogia''
****Pygmy sperm whale
The pygmy sperm whale (''Kogia breviceps'') is one of two extant species in the family Kogiidae in the sperm whale superfamily. They are not often sighted at sea, and most of what is known about them comes from the examination of stranded speci ...
, ''K. breviceps''
***** Dwarf sperm whale
The dwarf sperm whale (''Kogia sima'') is a sperm whale that inhabits temperate and tropical oceans worldwide, in particular continental shelves and slopes. It was first described by biologist Richard Owen in 1866, based on illustrations by n ...
, ''K. sima''
***Family: Monodontidae
****Genus: '' Monodon''
***** Narwhal, ''Monodon monoceros'' DD
****Genus: ''Delphinapterus
The beluga whale () (''Delphinapterus leucas'') is an Arctic and sub-Arctic cetacean. It is one of two members of the family Monodontidae, along with the narwhal, and the only member of the genus ''Delphinapterus''. It is also known as the whi ...
''
***** Beluga The beluga whale (/bɪˈluːɡə/) (Delphinapterus leucas) is an Arctic and sub-Arctic cetacean. It is one of two members of the family Monodontidae, along with the narwhal, and the only member of the genus Delphinapterus. It is also known as the wh ...
, ''Delphinapterus leucas'' VU
***Family: Phocoenidae
Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti (toothed whales). Although similar in appearance to dolphins, they are more closely related to narwhals an ...
****Genus: ''Phocoena
''Phocoena'' is a genus of porpoises with four extant species:
References
External links
*
*''Phocoena''in ''Mammal Species of the World
''Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference'' is a standard reference work in ...
''
***** Harbour porpoise
The harbour porpoise (''Phocoena phocoena'') is one of eight extant species of porpoise. It is one of the smallest species of cetacean. As its name implies, it stays close to coastal areas or river estuaries, and as such, is the most familiar ...
, ''Phocoena phocoena'' VU
****Genus: '' Phocoenoides''
***** Dall's porpoise
Dall's porpoise (''Phocoenoides dalli'') is a species of porpoise endemic to the North Pacific. It is the largest of porpoises and the only member of the genus ''Phocoenoides''. The species is named after American naturalist W. H. Dall.
Taxono ...
, ''Phocoenoides dalli''
***Family: Ziphidae
Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-kn ...
****Genus: '' Ziphius''
***** Cuvier's beaked whale, ''Ziphius cavirostris'' DD
****Genus: ''Berardius
The four-toothed whales or giant beaked whales are beaked whales in the genus ''Berardius''. They include Arnoux's beaked whale (''Berardius arnuxii'') in cold Southern Hemispheric waters, and Baird's beaked whale (''Berardius bairdii'') in th ...
''
***** Giant beaked whale, ''Berardius bairdii''
****Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae
Beaked whales (systematic name Ziphiidae) are a family of cetaceans noted as being one of the least known groups of mammals because of their deep-sea habitat and apparent low abundance. Only three or four of the 24 species are reasonably well-kn ...
*****Genus: ''Hyperoodon
''Hyperoodon'' (or ''Hyperoödon'') is a genus of beaked whale, containing just two species: the Northern and Southern bottlenose whales.
While not in the genus ''Hyperoodon'', Longman's beaked whales are alternatively called tropical bottleno ...
''
****** Bottlenose whale, ''Hyperoodon ampullatus''
*****Genus: ''Mesoplodon
Mesoplodont whales are 16 species of toothed whale in the genus ''Mesoplodon'', making it the largest genus in the cetacean order. Two species were described as recently as 1991 (pygmy beaked whale) and 2002 (Perrin's beaked whale), and marine ...
''
****** Stejneger's beaked whale
Stejneger's beaked whale (''Mesoplodon stejnegeri''), also known as the Bering Sea beaked whale or the saber-toothed whale, is a relatively unknown member of the genus '' Mesoplodon'' inhabiting the North Pacific Ocean. Leonhard Hess Stejneger co ...
, ''Mesoplodon stejnegeri'' DD
***Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
**** Genus: ''Lagenorhynchus
''Lagenorhynchus'' is a genus of oceanic dolphins in the infraorder Cetacea, presently containing six extant species. However, there is consistent molecular evidence that the genus is polyphyletic and several of the species are likely to be move ...
''
***** White-beaked dolphin
The white-beaked dolphin (''Lagenorhynchus albirostris'') is a marine mammal belonging to the family Delphinidae (oceanic dolphins) in the suborder Odontoceti (toothed whales).
Taxonomy
The species was first described by the British taxonomist ...
, ''Lagenorhynchus albirostris'' LC
***** Atlantic white-sided dolphin
The Atlantic white-sided dolphin (''Lagenorhynchus acutus'') is a distinctively coloured dolphin found in the cool to temperate waters of the North Atlantic Ocean.
Description
The dolphin is slightly larger than most other oceanic dolphins. It ...
, ''Lagenorhynchus acutus'' LC
***** Pacific white-sided dolphin
The Pacific white-sided dolphin (''Lagenorhynchus obliquidens''), also known as the hookfin porpoise, is an active dolphin found in the cool or temperate waters of the North Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
The Pacific white-sided dolphin was named by Sm ...
, ''Lagenorhynchus'' ''obliquidens''
****Genus: ''Tursiops
Bottlenose dolphins are aquatic mammals in the genus ''Tursiops.'' They are common, cosmopolitan members of the family Delphinidae, the family of oceanic dolphins. Molecular studies show the genus definitively contains two species: the commo ...
''
***** Bottlenose dolphin
Bottlenose dolphins are aquatic mammals in the genus ''Tursiops.'' They are common, cosmopolitan members of the family Delphinidae, the family of oceanic dolphins. Molecular studies show the genus definitively contains two species: the comm ...
, ''Tursiops truncatus'' DD
****Genus: ''Stenella
''Stenella'' is a genus of marine mammals in Delphinidae, the family informally known as the oceanic dolphins. Species
Currently, five species are recognised in this genus:
The common name for species in this genus is the "spotted dolphins" o ...
''
***** Striped dolphin
The striped dolphin (''Stenella coeruleoalba'') is an extensively studied dolphin found in temperate and tropical waters of all the world's oceans. It is a member of the oceanic dolphin family, Delphinidae.
Taxonomy
The striped dolphin is one o ...
, ''Stenella coeruleoalba''
****Genus: '' Delphinus''
***** Short-beaked common dolphin
The common dolphin (''Delphinus delphis'') is the most abundant cetacean in the world, with a global population of about six million. Despite this fact and its vernacular name, the common dolphin is not thought of as the archetypal dolphin, with ...
, ''Delphinus delphis''
****Genus: '' Lissodelphis''
***** Northern right whale dolphin, ''Lissodelphis borealis''
****Genus: ''Grampus
Grampus may refer to:
Animals
*''Grampus'', the genus and another name for Risso's dolphin, ''Grampus griseus''
*A synonym of the genus ''Orcinus''
*Another name for ''Orcinus orca'', the killer whale or orca
*Another name for the hellbender, a sp ...
''
***** Risso's dolphin, ''Grampus griseus'' DD
****Genus: ''Pseudorca
''Pseudorca'' is a genus of cetaceans with three members which include '' Pseudorca yokoyamai'', '' Pseudorca yuanliensis'' and ''Pseudorca crassidens
''Pseudorca'' is a genus of cetacea
Cetacea (; , ) is an infraorder of aquatic mammals t ...
''
***** False killer whale
The false killer whale (''Pseudorca crassidens'') is a species of oceanic dolphin that is the only extant representative of the genus '' Pseudorca''. It is found in oceans worldwide but mainly in tropical regions. It was first described in 18 ...
, ''Pseudorca crassidens''
****Genus: ''Orcinus
''Orcinus'' is a genus of Delphinidae, the family of carnivorous marine mammals known as dolphins. It includes the largest delphinid species, ''Orcinus orca'', known as the orca or killer whale. Two extinct species are recognised, '' Orcinus pale ...
''
***** Orca, ''O. orca''
Order:
Carnivora
Carnivora is a monophyletic order of placental mammals consisting of the most recent common ancestor of all cat-like and dog-like animals, and all descendants of that ancestor. Members of this group are formally referred to as carnivorans, ...
(carnivorans)
There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.
*Suborder: Feliformia
**Family: Felidae (cats)
***Subfamily: Felinae
****Genus: ''Felis
''Felis'' is a genus of small and medium-sized cat species native to most of Africa and south of 60° latitude in Europe and Asia to Indochina. The genus includes the domestic cat. The smallest ''Felis'' species is the black-footed cat with a ...
''
***** Jungle cat
The jungle cat (''Felis chaus''), also called reed cat, swamp cat and jungle lynx, is a medium-sized cat native to the Middle East, the Caucasus, South and Southeast Asia and southern China. It inhabits foremost wetlands like swamps, littoral ...
, ''F. chaus''
***** European wildcat, ''F. silvestris''
*****African wildcat
The African wildcat (''Felis lybica'') is a small wildcat species native to Africa, West and Central Asia up to Rajasthan in India and Xinjiang in China. It has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List in 2022.
In Cyprus, an African ...
, ''F. lybica''
****Genus: ''Lynx
A lynx is a type of wild cat.
Lynx may also refer to:
Astronomy
* Lynx (constellation)
* Lynx (Chinese astronomy)
* Lynx X-ray Observatory, a NASA-funded mission concept for a next-generation X-ray space observatory
Places Canada
* Lynx, O ...
''
*****Eurasian lynx
The Eurasian lynx (''Lynx lynx'') is a medium-sized wild cat widely distributed from Northern, Central and Eastern Europe to Central Asia and Siberia, the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas. It inhabits temperate and boreal forests up to an elev ...
, ''L. lynx''
****Genus ''Otocolobus
The Pallas's cat (''Otocolobus manul'', also known as the manul, is a small wild cat with long and dense light grey fur. Its rounded ears are set low on the sides of the head. Its head-and-body length ranges from with a long bushy tail. It is ...
''
*****Pallas's cat
The Pallas's cat (''Otocolobus manul'', also known as the manul, is a small wild cat with long and dense light grey fur. Its rounded ears are set low on the sides of the head. Its head-and-body length ranges from with a long bushy tail. It is ...
, ''O. manul''
****Genus: ''Prionailurus
''Prionailurus'' is a genus of spotted, small wild cats native to Asia. Forests are their preferred habitat; they feed on small mammals, reptiles and birds, and occasionally aquatic wildlife.
Taxonomy
''Prionailurus'' was first proposed by ...
''
***** Leopard cat, ''P. bengalensis''
***Subfamily: Pantherinae
****Genus: '' Panthera''
*****Leopard
The leopard (''Panthera pardus'') is one of the five extant species in the genus ''Panthera'', a member of the cat family, Felidae. It occurs in a wide range in sub-Saharan Africa, in some parts of Western and Central Asia, Southern Russia, a ...
, ''P. pardus''
****** Amur leopard
The Amur leopard (''Panthera pardus orientalis'') is a leopard subspecies native to the Primorye region of southeastern Russia and northern China. It is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, as in 2007, only 19–26 wild leopa ...
, ''P. p. orientalis''
****** Persian leopard, ''P. p. tulliana''
***** Tiger, ''P. tigris''
****** Siberian tiger
The Siberian tiger or Amur tiger is a population of the tiger subspecies ''Panthera tigris tigris'' native to the Russian Far East, Northeast China and possibly North Korea. It once ranged throughout the Korean Peninsula, but currently inhabit ...
, ''P. t. tigris''
*****Snow leopard
The snow leopard (''Panthera uncia''), also known as the ounce, is a felid in the genus ''Panthera'' native to the mountain ranges of Central and South Asia. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because the global population is es ...
, ''P. uncia''
*Suborder: Caniformia
Caniformia is a suborder within the order Carnivora consisting of "dog-like" carnivorans. They include dogs (wolves, foxes, etc.), bears, raccoons, and mustelids. The Pinnipedia ( seals, walruses and sea lions) are also assigned to this group. T ...
**Family: Canidae
Canidae (; from Latin, '' canis'', " dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (). There are three subfamilies found within ...
(dogs, foxes)
***Genus: '' Vulpes''
****Corsac fox
The corsac fox (''Vulpes corsac''), also known simply as a corsac, is a medium-sized fox found in steppes, semi-deserts and deserts in Central Asia, ranging into Mongolia and northern China. Since 2004, it has been classified as ''least c ...
, ''V. corsac''
****Arctic fox
The Arctic fox (''Vulpes lagopus''), also known as the white fox, polar fox, or snow fox, is a small fox native to the Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere and common throughout the Arctic tundra biome. It is well adapted to living in co ...
, ''V. lagopus''
**** Red fox, ''V. vulpes''
***Genus: '' Nyctereutes''
**** Raccoon dog, ''N. procyonoides''
***Genus: ''Canis
''Canis'' is a genus of the Caninae which includes multiple extant taxon, extant species, such as Wolf, wolves, dogs, coyotes, and golden jackals. Species of this genus are distinguished by their moderate to large size, their massive, well-devel ...
''
**** Golden jackal, ''C. aureus''
****Gray wolf
The wolf (''Canis lupus''; plural, : wolves), also known as the gray wolf or grey wolf, is a large Canis, canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty subspecies of Canis lupus, subspecies of ''Canis lupus'' have been reco ...
, ''C. lupus''
***** Tundra wolf, ''C. l. albus''
***** Steppe wolf, ''C. l. campestris''
***** Mongolian wolf, ''C. l. chanco''
***** Eurasian wolf, ''C. l. lupus''
**Family: Ursidae
Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae. They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Nort ...
(bears)
***Genus: '' Ursus''
****Brown bear
The brown bear (''Ursus arctos'') is a large bear species found across Eurasia and North America. In North America, the populations of brown bears are called grizzly bears, while the subspecies that inhabits the Kodiak Islands of Alaska is kn ...
, ''U. arctos''
***** Eurasian brown bear, ''U. a. arctos''
***** Kamchatka brown bear, ''U. a. beringianus''
***** East Siberian brown bear
The East Siberian brown bear (''Ursus arctos collaris'') is a population or subspecies of brown bear which ranges from eastern Siberia, beginning at the Yenisei river, north to the Arctic Circle, as far as Trans-Baikaliya, the Stanovoy Range, the ...
, ''U. a. arctos''
***** Ussuri brown bear, ''U. a. lasiotus''
**** Polar bear, ''U. maritimus''
**** Asiatic black bear, ''U. thibetanus''
***** Ussuri black bear
The Ussuri black bear (''Ursus thibetanus ussuricus''), also known as the Manchurian black bear, is a large subspecies of the Asian black bear native to the Far East, including the Korean Peninsula.Heptner, V. G. & Naumov, N. P. (1998)White-chest ...
, ''U. t. ussuricus''
**Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
***Genus: '' Enhydra''
**** Sea otter, ''E. lutris''
***Genus: ''Gulo
''Gulo'' is a genus of carnivoran mammals in the family Mustelidae. It contains one extant species, the wolverine (''G. gulo''), as well as several extinct ones. Fossil evidence suggests that this genus appeared in North America and later spr ...
''
****Wolverine
The wolverine (), (''Gulo gulo''; ''Gulo'' is Latin for " glutton"), also referred to as the glutton, carcajou, or quickhatch (from East Cree, ''kwiihkwahaacheew''), is the largest land-dwelling species of the family Mustelidae. It is a muscul ...
, ''G. gulo''
***Genus: ''Lutra
''Lutra'' is a genus of otters, one of seven in the subfamily Lutrinae.
Taxonomy and evolution
The genus includes these species:
Extant species
Extinct species
*†'' Lutra affinis''
*†'' Lutra bressana ''
*†'' Lutra bravardi''
*†'' ...
''
**** Eurasian otter, ''L. lutra''
***Genus: '' Martes''
**** Yellow-throated marten, ''M. flavigula''
**** European pine marten, ''M. martes''
****Beech marten
The beech marten (''Martes foina''), also known as the stone marten, house marten or white breasted marten, is a species of marten native to much of Europe and Central Asia, though it has established a feral population in North America. It is ...
, ''M. foina''
**** Sable, ''M. zibellina''
***Genus: '' Meles''
****Caucasian badger
The Caucasian badger (''Meles canescens'') or Southwest Asian badger is a species of badger native to Western Asia and some islands in the Mediterranean Sea.
Taxonomy
The Caucasian badger was formerly thought to be a subspecies of the European ...
, ''M. canescens''
****European badger
The European badger (''Meles meles''), also known as the Eurasian badger, is a badger species in the family Mustelidae native to almost all of Europe. It is classified as least concern on the IUCN Red List as it has a wide range and a large stab ...
, ''M. meles''
****Asian badger
The Asian badger (''Meles leucurus''), also known as the sand badger, is a species of badger native to Mongolia, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, the Korean Peninsula and Russia.
Characteristics
The Asian badger is mostly lighter in colour tha ...
, ''M. leucurus''
***Genus: '' Mustela''
**** Mountain weasel, ''M. altaica''
**** Stoat, ''M. erminea''
**** Steppe polecat, ''M. eversmannii''
**** Japanese weasel, ''M. itatsi'' introduced, possibly extirpated
**** European mink, ''M. lutreola''
**** Least weasel, ''M. nivalis''
**** European polecat, ''M. putorius''
**** Siberian weasel, ''M. sibirica''
***Genus: ''Neogale
''Neogale'' is a genus of mustelid native to the Americas, ranging from Alaska south to Bolivia. Members of this genus are known as New World weasels.
Taxonomy
Members in this genus were formerly classified into the genera '' Mustela'' and '' ...
''
****American mink
The American mink (''Neogale vison'') is a semiaquatic species of mustelid native to North America, though human intervention has expanded its range to many parts of Europe, Asia and South America. Because of range expansion, the American mink ...
, ''N. vison'' introduced
***Genus: ''Vormela
''Vormela'' is a genus of mustelid which contains the marbled polecat ''(Vormela peregusna)'', and at least one extinct species.
The oldest record of the genus dates to the Villafranchian of Bulgaria, where fossils of '' Vormela petenyii'' have b ...
''
**** Marbled polecat, ''V. peregusna''
**Family: Otariidae (eared seals, sealions)
***Genus: '' Callorhinus''
**** Northern fur seal
The northern fur seal (''Callorhinus ursinus'') is an eared seal found along the north Pacific Ocean, the Bering Sea, and the Sea of Okhotsk. It is the largest member of the fur seal subfamily ( Arctocephalinae) and the only living species in ...
, ''C. ursinus''
***Genus: '' Eumetopias''
**** Steller sea lion, ''E. jubatus''
***Genus: ''Zalophus
''Zalophus'' is a genus of the family Otariidae (sea lions and fur seals) of the order Carnivora. Description
The seals of the genus ''Zalophus'' present a notorious sexual dimorphism, since the adult males have a pronounced sagittal crest, an ...
''
**** Japanese sea lion
The Japanese sea lion (''Zalophus japonicus'') ( ja, ニホンアシカ, translit=Nihon ashika, Korean:강치, 바다사자) was an aquatic mammal that became extinct in the 1970s. It was considered to be a subspecies of the related California se ...
, ''Z. japonicus'' vagrant
**Family: Odobenidae
Odobenidae is a family of pinnipeds. The only living species is the walrus (''Odobenus rosmarus''). In the past, however, the group was much more diverse, and includes more than a dozen fossil genera.
Taxonomy
All genera, except '' Odobenus'', ...
***Genus: ''Odobenus
The walrus (''Odobenus rosmarus'') is a large flippered marine mammal with a discontinuous distribution about the North Pole in the Arctic Ocean and subarctic seas of the Northern Hemisphere. The walrus is the only living species in the fami ...
''
**** Walrus, ''O. rosmarus''
**Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
***Genus: '' Cystophora''
**** Hooded seal
The hooded seal (''Cystophora cristata'') is a large phocid found only in the central and western North Atlantic, ranging from Svalbard in the east to the Gulf of St. Lawrence in the west. The seals are typically silver-grey or white in color, wi ...
, ''C. cristata''
***Genus: ''Erignathus
The bearded seal (''Erignathus barbatus''), also called the square flipper seal, is a medium-sized pinniped that is found in and near to the Arctic Ocean. It gets its generic name from two Greek words (''eri'' and ''gnathos'') that refer to its h ...
''
**** Bearded seal
The bearded seal (''Erignathus barbatus''), also called the square flipper seal, is a medium-sized pinniped that is found in and near to the Arctic Ocean. It gets its generic name from two Greek words (''eri'' and ''gnathos'') that refer to its h ...
, ''E. barbatus''
***Genus: '' Halichoerus''
**** Grey seal
The grey seal (''Halichoerus grypus'') is found on both shores of the North Atlantic Ocean. In Latin Halichoerus grypus means "hook-nosed sea pig". It is a large seal of the family Phocidae, which are commonly referred to as "true seals" or " ...
, ''H. grypus''
***Genus: '' Histriophoca''
**** Ribbon seal
The ribbon seal (''Histriophoca fasciata'') is a medium-sized pinniped from the true seal family (Phocidae). A seasonally ice-bound species, it is found in the Arctic and Subarctic regions of the North Pacific Ocean, notably in the Bering Sea and ...
, ''H. fasciata''
***Genus: ''Pagophilus
The harp seal (''Pagophilus groenlandicus''), also known as Saddleback Seal or Greenland Seal, is a species of earless seal, or true seal, native to the northernmost Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean. Originally in the genus ''Phoca'' with a number ...
''
**** Harp seal
The harp seal (''Pagophilus groenlandicus''), also known as Saddleback Seal or Greenland Seal, is a species of earless seal, or true seal, native to the northernmost Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean. Originally in the genus ''Phoca'' with a number ...
, ''P. groenlandicus''
***Genus: ''Phoca
''Phoca'' ( ) is a genus of the earless seals, within the family Phocidae, source of the French name for seal, 'phoque'. It now contains just two species, the common seal (or harbour seal) and the spotted seal (or largha seal). Several species f ...
''
**** Spotted seal
The spotted seal (''Phoca largha''), also known as the larga seal or largha seal, is a member of the family Phocidae, and is considered a "true seal". It inhabits ice floes and waters of the north Pacific Ocean and adjacent seas. It is primarily ...
, ''P. largha''
**** Common seal
The harbor (or harbour) seal (''Phoca vitulina''), also known as the common seal, is a true seal found along temperate and Arctic marine coastlines of the Northern Hemisphere. The most widely distributed species of pinniped (walruses, eared sea ...
, ''P. vitulina''
***Genus: ''Pusa
''Pusa'' is a genus of the earless seals, within the family Phocidae. The three species of this genus were split from the genus ''Phoca'', and some sources still give ''Phoca'' as an acceptable synonym for ''Pusa''.
The three species in this g ...
''
**** Caspian seal, ''P. caspica''
**** Ringed seal, ''P. hispida''
**** Baikal seal, ''P. sibirica''
Order: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates)
The odd-toed ungulates are browsing and grazing mammals. They are usually large to very large, and have relatively simple stomachs and a large middle toe. *Family:Equidae
Equidae (sometimes known as the horse family) is the taxonomic family of horses and related animals, including the extant horses, asses, and zebras, and many other species known only from fossils. All extant species are in the genus '' Equus'' ...
(horses etc.)
**Genus: '' Equus''
*** Wild horse, ''E. ferus'' reintroduced
**** Przewalski's horse, ''E. f. przewalskii'' reintroduced
*** Onager, ''E. hemionus''
**** Mongolian wild ass
The Mongolian wild ass (''Equus hemionus hemionus''), also known as Mongolian khulan, is the nominate subspecies of the onager. It is found in southern Mongolia and northern China. It was previously found in eastern Kazakhstan and southern Siberi ...
, ''E. h. hemionus''
**** Turkmenian kulan, ''E. h. kulan''
Order:
Artiodactyla
The even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla , ) are ungulates—hoofed animals—which bear weight equally on two (an even number) of their five toes: the third and fourth. The other three toes are either present, absent, vestigial, or pointing poster ...
(even-toed ungulates)
The even-toed ungulates are ungulate
Ungulates ( ) are members of the diverse clade Ungulata which primarily consists of large mammals with hooves. These include odd-toed ungulates such as horses, rhinoceroses, and tapirs; and even-toed ungulates such as cattle, pigs, giraffes, c ...
s whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls
Odd-toed ungulates, mammals which constitute the taxonomic order Perissodactyla (, ), are animals—ungulates—who have reduced the weight-bearing toes to three (rhinoceroses and tapirs, with tapirs still using four toes on the front legs) ...
. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.
*Family: Suidae
Suidae is a family of artiodactyl mammals which are commonly called pigs, hogs or swine. In addition to numerous fossil species, 18 extant species are currently recognized (or 19 counting domestic pigs and wild boars separately), classified into ...
(pigs)
**Subfamily: Suinae
Suinae is a subfamily of artiodactyl mammals that includes several of the extant members of Suidae and their closest relatives – the domestic pig and related species, such as babirusas. Several extinct species within the Suidae are classified i ...
***Genus: '' Sus''
**** Wild boar, ''S. scrofa''
*Family: Moschidae
**Genus: '' Moschus''
*** Siberian musk deer, ''M. moschiferus''
*Family: Cervidae
Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer ...
(deer)
**Subfamily: Cervinae
The Cervinae or the Old World deer, are a subfamily of deer. Alternatively, they are known as the plesiometacarpal deer, due to their ankle structure being different from the telemetacarpal deer of the Capreolinae.
Classification and species
Th ...
***Genus: ''Cervus
''Cervus'' is a genus of deer that primarily are native to Eurasia, although one species occurs in northern Africa and another in North America. In addition to the species presently placed in this genus, it has included a whole range of other sp ...
''
**** Wapiti
The elk (''Cervus canadensis''), also known as the wapiti, is one of the largest species within the deer family, Cervidae, and one of the largest terrestrial mammals in its native range of North America and Central and East Asia. The commo ...
, ''C. canadensis''
**** Red deer, ''C. elaphus''
**** Sika deer
The sika deer (''Cervus nippon''), also known as the Northern spotted deer or the Japanese deer, is a species of deer native to much of East Asia and introduced to other parts of the world. Previously found from northern Vietnam in the south to ...
, ''C. nippon''
***** Manchurian sika deer
The Manchurian sika deer or Dybowski's sika deer (''Cervus nippon mantchuricus'' or ''Cervus nippon dybowskii'' ) is a subspecies of deer, the largest of the 14 subspecies of sika deer. It was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1864.
Geograph ...
, ''C. n. mantchuricus''
***Genus: '' Dama''
**** European fallow deer
The European fallow deer (''Dama dama''), also known as the common fallow deer or simply fallow deer, is a species of ruminant mammal belonging to the family Cervidae. It is historically native to Turkey and possibly the Italian Peninsula, Bal ...
, ''D. dama'' introduced
**Subfamily: Capreolinae
The Capreolinae, Odocoileinae, or the New World deer are a subfamily of deer. Alternatively, they are known as the telemetacarpal deer, due to their bone structure being different from the plesiometacarpal deer subfamily Cervinae. The telemetac ...
***Genus: ''Alces
The moose (in North America) or elk (in Eurasia) (''Alces alces'') is a member of the New World deer subfamily and is the only species in the genus ''Alces''. It is the largest and heaviest extant species in the deer family. Most adult mal ...
''
**** Moose, ''A. alces''
***Genus: '' Capreolus''
**** Roe deer, ''C. capreolus''
**** Siberian roe deer, ''C. pygargus''
***Genus: '' Rangifer''
**** Reindeer, ''R. tarandus''
*Family: Bovidae
The Bovidae comprise the biological family of cloven-hoofed, ruminant mammals that includes cattle, bison, buffalo, antelopes, and caprines. A member of this family is called a bovid. With 143 extant species and 300 known extinct species, th ...
(cattle, antelope, sheep, goats)
**Subfamily: Antilopinae
The Antilopines are even-toed ungulates belonging to the subfamily Antilopinae of the family Bovidae. The members of tribe Antilopini include the gazelles, blackbucks, springboks, gerenuks, dibatags, and Central Asian gazelles, are often referred ...
***Genus: '' Procapra''
**** Mongolian gazelle
The Mongolian gazelle (''Procapra gutturosa''), or dzeren (russian: Дзерэн), is a medium-sized antelope native to the semiarid Central Asian steppes of Mongolia, as well as some parts of Siberia and China. The name ''dzeren'' is Russian ...
, ''P. gutturosa''
***Genus: ''Saiga
The saiga antelope (, ''Saiga tatarica''), or saiga, is a critically endangered antelope which during antiquity inhabited a vast area of the Eurasian steppe spanning the foothills of the Carpathian Mountains in the northwest and Caucasus in ...
''
**** Saiga antelope, ''S. tatarica''
**Subfamily: Bovinae
Bovines (subfamily Bovinae) comprise a diverse group of 10 genera of medium to large-sized ungulates, including cattle, bison, African buffalo, water buffalos, and the four-horned and spiral-horned antelopes. The evolutionary relationship betwe ...
***Genus: ''Bos
''Bos'' (from Latin '' bōs'': cow, ox, bull) is the genus of wild and domestic cattle. ''Bos'' is often divided into four subgenera: ''Bos'', ''Bibos'', ''Novibos'', and ''Poephagus'', but including these last three divisions within the ge ...
''
****Wild yak
The wild yak (''Bos mutus'') is a large, wild bovine native to the Himalayas. It is the ancestor of the domestic yak (''Bos grunniens'').
Taxonomy
The ancestor of the wild and domestic yak is thought to have diverged from ''Bos primigenius'' ...
, ''B. mutus'' extirpated
***Genus: ''Bison
Bison are large bovines in the genus ''Bison'' (Greek: "wild ox" (bison)) within the tribe Bovini. Two extant taxon, extant and numerous extinction, extinct species are recognised.
Of the two surviving species, the American bison, ''B. bison'' ...
''
****American bison
The American bison (''Bison bison'') is a species of bison native to North America. Sometimes colloquially referred to as American buffalo or simply buffalo (a different clade of bovine), it is one of two extant species of bison, alongside the ...
, ''B. bison'' introduced
***** Wood bison, ''B. b. athabascae'' introduced
**** European bison, ''B. bonasus'' reintroducedSipko, T., P. (2009). ''European bison in Russia – past, present and future.'' European Bison Conservation Newsletter Vol 2, pp: 148–159
**Subfamily: Caprinae
The subfamily Caprinae, also sometimes referred to as the tribe Caprini, is part of the ruminant family Bovidae, and consists of mostly medium-sized bovids. A member of this subfamily is called a caprine, or, more informally, a goat-antelope ( ...
***Genus: '' Capra''
**** Wild goat, ''C. aegagrus''
****West Caucasian tur
The West Caucasian tur (''Capra caucasica'') is a mountain-dwelling goat-antelope native to the western half of the Caucasus Mountains range, in Georgia and European Russia. It is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List, as the wild population ...
, ''C. caucasica''
****East Caucasian tur
The East Caucasian tur (''Capra cylindricornis''), also known as the Daghestani tur, is a mountain-dwelling caprine living in the eastern half of the Greater Caucasus mountains, in Azerbaijan, Georgia, and European Russia. It inhabits rough mou ...
, ''C. cylindricornis''
****Siberian ibex
The Siberian ibex (''Capra sibirica''), also known as the Altai ibex, Central Asia(n) ibex, Gobi ibex, Himalayan ibex, Mongolian ibex or Tian Shan ibex, is a species of ibex that lives in central Asia. It has traditionally been treated as a subsp ...
, ''C. sibrica''
***Genus: '' Nemorhaedus''
****Chinese goral
The Chinese goral (''Naemorhedus griseus''), also known as the grey long-tailed goral or central Chinese goral, is a species of goral, a small goat-like ungulate, native to mountainous regions of Myanmar, China, India, Thailand, Vietnam, and poss ...
, ''N. caudatus''
***Genus: '' Ovibos''
**** Muskox
The muskox (''Ovibos moschatus'', in Latin "musky sheep-ox"), also spelled musk ox and musk-ox, plural muskoxen or musk oxen (in iu, ᐅᒥᖕᒪᒃ, umingmak; in Woods Cree: ), is a hoofed mammal of the family Bovidae. Native to the Arctic, ...
, ''O. moschatus''
***Genus: '' Ovis''
****Argali
The argali (''Ovis ammon''), also known as the mountain sheep, is a wild sheep that roams the highlands of western East Asia, the Himalayas, Tibet, and the Altai Mountains.
Description
The name 'argali' is the Mongolian word for wild sheep. It ...
, ''O. ammon''
**** Snow sheep
The snow sheep (''Ovis nivicola''), or Siberian bighorn sheep, is a species of sheep from the mountainous areas in the northeast of Siberia. One subspecies, the Putorana snow sheep ''(Ovis nivicola borealis)'', lives isolated from the other forms ...
, ''O. nivicola''
***Genus: '' Rupicapra''
****Chamois
The chamois (''Rupicapra rupicapra'') or Alpine chamois is a species of goat-antelope native to mountains in Europe, from west to east, including the Alps, the Dinarides, the Tatra and the Carpathian Mountains, the Balkan Mountains, the R ...
, ''R. rupicapra''
Locally extinct
The following species arelocally extinct
Local extinction, also known as extirpation, refers to a species (or other taxon) of plant or animal that ceases to exist in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinct ...
in the country:
*Wild yak
The wild yak (''Bos mutus'') is a large, wild bovine native to the Himalayas. It is the ancestor of the domestic yak (''Bos grunniens'').
Taxonomy
The ancestor of the wild and domestic yak is thought to have diverged from ''Bos primigenius'' ...
, ''Bos mutus'' (unclear if extant in Russia after 1500)
* Dhole, ''Cuon alpinus''
* Mediterranean monk seal, ''Monachus monachus''
See also
*List of chordate orders
This article contains a list of all of the classes and orders that are located in the Phylum Chordata.
Subphylum Cephalochordata
Class Leptocardii: Lancelets
* Order Amphioxiformes
Family Pikaiidae †
* Genus Pikaia †
Olfactores ( ...
*Lists of mammals by region
Lists of mammals by region cover mammals found in different parts of the world. They are organized by continent, region, and country, and in some places by sub-national region.
Most are full species lists, while those for Australia and the Caribbea ...
* List of prehistoric mammals
*Mammal classification
Mammalia is a class of animal within the phylum Chordata. Mammal classification has been through several iterations since Carl Linnaeus initially defined the class. No classification system is universally accepted; McKenna & Bell (1997) and Wilso ...
* List of mammals described in the 2000s
References
External links
* {{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Mammals Of Russia MammalsRussia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eight ...
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eight ...
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eight ...