Maalaiskunta (
Finnish), landskommun (
Swedish), "rural municipality", abbreviated ''mlk'' was one of the four types of
municipality in Finland in 1865–1976. Other types in 1865–1959 were city (in Finnish ''kaupunki'') and market town (in Finnish ''kauppala''), in 1960–1976 old city (in Finnish ''vanha kaupunki''), new city (in Finnish ''uusi kaupunki'') and market town. Maalaiskunta was the most common type of municipality. In the 1977 reform, all municipalities were given fully equal legal standing. Previous ''maalaiskunta''s associated with a city retained their name. For example,
Rovaniemen maalaiskunta
Rovaniemen maalaiskunta () was a municipality of Finland. It merged with the city of Rovaniemi on January 1, 2006.
It was located in the province of Lapland. The municipality had a population of 21,803 and covered an area of 7,915.51 km² o ...
("the rural municipality of
Rovaniemi
Rovaniemi ( , ; sme, Roavvenjárga ; smn, Ruávinjargâ; sms, Ruäʹvnjargg) is a city and municipality of Finland. It is the administrative capital and commercial centre of Finland's northernmost province, Lapland, and its southern part Pe ...
) surrounded the city of Rovaniemi, but were independently governed. From 2009, no municipalities will carry this name any more, after the merger of
Jyväskylä and
Jyväskylän mlk.
Rural municipalities were legally independent from the cities carrying the same name. However, in some cases, particularly when the city was in the geographic center of the municipality, rural municipalities have placed their offices in the city, on the territory of a different municipality. Rural municipalities have also changed their names to create an identity distinct from the city. For example,
Vantaa was previously known as ''Helsingin maalaiskunta'', as it was the historical center of
Helsinki
Helsinki ( or ; ; sv, Helsingfors, ) is the Capital city, capital, primate city, primate, and List of cities and towns in Finland, most populous city of Finland. Located on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, it is the seat of the region of U ...
(location of the
Helsinki church village).
In addition, in 1926
Lohja was split into ''Lohjan maalaiskunta'', which was known as ''Lohjan kunta'' after 1977, and ''Lohjan kauppala'' (later ''Lohjan kaupunki''), but the two merged again in 1997.
List of municipalities explicitly named ''maalaiskunta''
*
Ekenäs landskommun (in Finnish ''Tammisaaren maalaiskunta'')
** attached in 1977 with
Snappertuna
Raseborg ( fi, Raasepori) is a town (administrative area) and municipality of Finland. It was created on January 1, 2009, when the municipalities of Ekenäs, Karis and Pohja were consolidated into a single town. Of these, Ekenäs now serves as t ...
as
Ekenäs town
*
Heinolan maalaiskunta
Heinolan maalaiskunta ( sv, Heinola landskommun; literally "Heinola Rural Municipality") is a former municipality in Päijänne Tavastia, Finland. It was established in 1848. It surrounded Heinola town and was united to Heinola in 1997. Most of i ...
** attached to
Heinola in 1997
*
Helsingin maalaiskunta
Vantaa (; sv, Vanda, ) is a city and municipality in Finland. It is part of the inner core of the Finnish Capital Region along with Helsinki, Espoo, and Kauniainen. With a population of (), Vantaa is the fourth most populated city in Finland ...
(the Swedish name was ''Helsinge'' without the word ''landskommun'')
** got the rights of market town in 1972 name changed to
Vantaa
*
Hyvinkään maalaiskunta
** attached in 1969 to
Hyvinkää
Hyvinkää (; sv, Hyvinge, ) is a city and municipality of Finland. It is located in the Uusimaa region, approximately north of the capital Helsinki. The city was chartered in 1960. The population of Hyvinkää is (). Its neighboring muni ...
*
Hämeenlinnan maalaiskunta
Hämeenlinnan maalaiskunta (abbreviated as ''Hämeenlinnan mlk'', sv, Tavastehus landskommun) is a former municipality of Finland in the former Häme Province, now in Tavastia Proper. It was split between Hämeenlinna, Vanaja and Renko in 19 ...
** attached in 1948 to
Hämeenlinna
Hämeenlinna (; sv, Tavastehus; krl, Hämienlinna; la, Tavastum or ''Croneburgum'') is a city and municipality of about inhabitants in the heart of the historical province of Tavastia and the modern province of Kanta-Häme in the south of ...
,
Vanaja and
Renko
Renko is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with Hämeenlinna on 2009-01-01.
It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Tavastia Proper region. The municipality had a population of 2,378 (30 November ...
*
Iisalmen maalaiskunta
** attached in 1970 to
Iisalmi
Iisalmi (; sv, Idensalmi) is a town and municipality in the region of Northern Savonia in Finland. It is located north of Kuopio and south of Kajaani. The municipality has a population of (), which makes it the second largest of the five towns i ...
*
Ikaalisten maalaiskunta
** united in 1972 with
Ikaalinen
*
Jyväskylän maalaiskunta
** last municipality with the word maalaiskunta attached in 2009 to
Jyväskylä
*
Kajaanin maalaiskunta
** attached in 1977 to
Kajaani
*
Karis landskommun
Karis (; fi, Karjaa ) is a town and former municipality in Finland. On January 1, 2009, it was consolidated with Ekenäs and Pohja to form the new municipality of Raseborg; fi, Raasepori.
It is located in the Finnish province of Souther ...
(in Finnish ''
Karjaan maalaiskunta'')
** attached in 1969 to
Karis
Karis (; fi, Karjaa ) is a town and former municipality in Finland. On January 1, 2009, it was consolidated with Ekenäs and Pohja to form the new municipality of Raseborg; fi, Raasepori.
It is located in the Finnish province of Souther ...
*
Kemijärven maalaiskunta
** united in 1973 with
Kemijärvi
Kemijärvi ( se, Giemajávri, smn, Kiemâjävri, sms, Ǩeeʹmmjäuʹrr) is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Lapland.
History
The first permanent settler inhabitant of Kemijärvi was Paavali Ollinpoi ...
market town and formed as
Kemijärvi
Kemijärvi ( se, Giemajávri, smn, Kiemâjävri, sms, Ǩeeʹmmjäuʹrr) is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Lapland.
History
The first permanent settler inhabitant of Kemijärvi was Paavali Ollinpoi ...
town
*
Kemin maalaiskunta
** name changed to
Keminmaa in 1980
*
Koiviston maalaiskunta
** territorial loss to
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
in 1944
*
Kokkolan maalaiskunta
** changed name to
Kaarlela in 1927, attached to
Kokkola in 1977.
*
Kristinestads landskommun (in Finnish ''Kristiinankaupungin maalaiskunta'')
** changed name to
Tjöck in 1919, attached to
Kristinestad in 1973.
*
Kuopion maalaiskunta
** attached in 1969 to
Kuopio and
Siilinjärvi
*
Käkisalmen maalaiskunta
** territorial loss to Soviet Union in 1944
*
Lohjan maalaiskunta (in Swedish ''Lojo landskommun'')
** name changed to ''Lohjan kunta'' ("municipality of Lohja") in 1977, attached to the city of
Lohja in 1997.
*
Loimaan maalaiskunta
** name changed ''Loimaan kunta'' ("municipality of Loimaa") in 1977, attached to the city of
Loimaa in 2005
*
Mikkelin maalaiskunta
Mikkelin maalaiskunta (abbreviated ''Mikkelin mlk'', sv, Sankt Michels landskommun) is a former municipality of Finland located in the modern region of Southern Savonia. Together with Anttola, it was consolidated with the town of Mikkeli in 20 ...
** attached in 2001 to
Mikkeli
Mikkeli (; sv, S:t Michel; la, Michaelia) is a town and municipality in Finland. It is located in what used to be the province of Eastern Finland and is part of the Etelä-Savo region. The municipality has a population of () (around 34, ...
*
Naantalin maalaiskunta
** attached in 1964 to
Naantali
*
Nurmeksen maalaiskunta
** attached in 1973 to
Nurmes market town
*
Nykarleby landskommun (in Finnish ''Uudenkaarlepyyn maalaiskunta'')
** attached in 1975 with
Munsala and
Jeppo as
Nykarleby town
*
Oulun maalaiskunta
** name changed as
Oulujoki in 1910, and annexed in 1965 with
Haukipudas,
Kempele,
Kiiminki
Kiiminki ( sv, Kiminge) was a municipality of Finland. Along with Haukipudas, Oulunsalo and Yli-Ii municipalities it was merged with the city of Oulu on 1 January 2013. Kiiminki municipality was part of the Oulu province in the Northern Ostr ...
,
Oulu
Oulu ( , ; sv, Uleåborg ) is a city, municipality and a seaside resort of about 210,000 inhabitants in the region of North Ostrobothnia, Finland. It is the most populous city in northern Finland and the fifth most populous in the country after ...
,
Oulunsalo,
Tyrnävä
Tyrnävä () is a municipality in the North Ostrobothnia region of Finland with a population of
(). It covers an area of , of
which
is water. The population density is
. The municipality is unilingually Finnish. The city of Oulu is located abou ...
,
Utajärvi
Utajärvi is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the Northern Ostrobothnia region next to the border of the Kainuu region, and is part of the former province of Oulu. It is from Utajärvi to Oulu and to Kajaani. The municipality has a pop ...
and
Ylikiiminki
Ylikiiminki ( sv, Överkiminge) is a former municipality of Finland. It was consolidated with the city of Oulu on 1 January 2009.
It was located in the province of Oulu and is part of the Northern Ostrobothnia region. The municipality had a popul ...
*
Pargas landskommun (in Finnish ''Paraisten maalaiskunta'')
** attached in 1967 to
Pargas market town
*
Pieksämäen maalaiskunta
** united in 2004 with
Jäppilä and
Virtasalmi
Virtasalmi is a former municipality of Finland. On January 1, 2004, it was joined to the new municipality of Pieksänmaa with Jäppilä
Jäppilä () is a former municipality of Finland. On 1 January 2004, it was merged to Pieksämäen maala ...
as
Pieksänmaa
Pieksänmaa is a former municipality of Finland. It became part of the town of Pieksämäki in 2007.
Pieksänmaa was formed in 2004 when the municipalities of Pieksämäen maalaiskunta, Jäppilä and Virtasalmi were consolidated to a single m ...
, which merged with
Pieksämäki
Pieksämäki () is a town and municipality of Finland. It is located in the Southern Savonia region, about north of Mikkeli, east of Jyväskylä and south of Kuopio. The town has a population of () and covers an area of of which is wa ...
in 2007
*
Pedersöre (in Finnish former ''Pietarsaaren maalaiskunta'')
** the Finnish name changed as ''Pedersören kunta'' in 1989, the Swedish name was always ''Pedersöre'' without the word ''landskommun''
*
Porin maalaiskunta
** attached in 1967 to
Pori
*
Porvoon maalaiskunta
Porvoon maalaiskunta, (Borgå landskommun, ''Swedish'') is a former municipality of Finland. It was established in 1866 and it was located in Eastern Uusimaa around the city of Porvoo. The municipality was consolidated with Porvoo in 1997.
Nei ...
(in Swedish ''Borgå landskommun'')
** attached in 1997 to
Porvoo
Porvoo (; sv, Borgå ; la, Borgoa) is a city and a municipality in the Uusimaa region of Finland, situated on the southern coast about east of the city border of Helsinki and about from the city centre. Porvoo was one of the six medieva ...
*
Rauman maalaiskunta
Rauman maalaiskunta (the rural municipality of Rauma, often abbreviated Rauman mlk) is a former municipality of Finland. It was annexed to Rauma on January 1, 1993. The population of the municipality at the time of annexation was about 9,000. Th ...
** attached in 1993 to
Rauma
*
Rovaniemen maalaiskunta
Rovaniemen maalaiskunta () was a municipality of Finland. It merged with the city of Rovaniemi on January 1, 2006.
It was located in the province of Lapland. The municipality had a population of 21,803 and covered an area of 7,915.51 km² o ...
** attached in 2006 to
Rovaniemi
Rovaniemi ( , ; sme, Roavvenjárga ; smn, Ruávinjargâ; sms, Ruäʹvnjargg) is a city and municipality of Finland. It is the administrative capital and commercial centre of Finland's northernmost province, Lapland, and its southern part Pe ...
*
Seinäjoen maalaiskunta
** attached in 1959 to
Seinäjoki market town
*
Sortavalan maalaiskunta
** territorial loss in 1944 to
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nationa ...
*
Uudenkaupungin maalaiskunta
** attached in 1969 to
Uusikaupunki
*
Viipurin maalaiskunta
Viipurin maalaiskunta, sv, Viborgs landskommun, is a former municipality in Finland. It consisted of the rural districts around the city of Viipuri. It was ceded to the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic after Finland's defeat in the ...
** territorial loss in 1944 to Soviet Union
*
Äänekosken maalaiskunta
** attached in 1969 to
Äänekoski market town.
{{Use dmy dates, date=February 2021
Subdivisions of Finland
Former subdivisions of Finland