Mount Baker (Antarctica)
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The Gabbro Hills () are a group of rugged ridges and coastal hills which border the
Antarctic The Antarctic (, ; commonly ) is the polar regions of Earth, polar region of Earth that surrounds the South Pole, lying within the Antarctic Circle. It is antipodes, diametrically opposite of the Arctic region around the North Pole. The Antar ...
Ross Ice Shelf The Ross Ice Shelf is the largest ice shelf of Antarctica (, an area of roughly and about across: about the size of France). It is several hundred metres thick. The nearly vertical ice front to the open sea is more than long, and between high ...
between
Barrett Glacier Shackleton Glacier () is a major Antarctic glacier, over long and from wide, descending from the Antarctic Plateau from the vicinity of Roberts Massif and flowing north through the Queen Maud Mountains to enter the Ross Ice Shelf between Mount ...
and
Gough Glacier Gough Glacier () is an Antarctic glacier about long, flowing from the northern slopes of the Prince Olav Mountains and the base of the Lillie Range and trending northward to the Ross Ice Shelf, between the Gabbro Hills and the Bravo Hills. It w ...
and extend south to Ropebrake Pass. They were so named by the Southern Party of the
New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition The New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE) describes a series of scientific explorations of the continent Antarctica. The expeditions were notably active throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Features named by the expeditions 19 ...
(NZGSAE) (1963–64) because of the prevalence of
gabbro Gabbro ( ) is a phaneritic (coarse-grained and magnesium- and iron-rich), mafic intrusive igneous rock formed from the slow cooling magma into a holocrystalline mass deep beneath the Earth's surface. Slow-cooling, coarse-grained gabbro is ch ...
, a dark, plutonic rock, in the area.


Location

The Gabbro Hills lie to the north of the
Prince Olav Mountains The Prince Olav Mountains () is a mountain group in the Queen Maud Mountains in Antarctica stretching from Shackleton Glacier to Liv Glacier at the head of the Ross Ice Shelf. Discovery and naming The Prince Olav Mountains were discovered in 1 ...
in the
Queen Maud Mountains The Queen Maud Mountains () are a major group of mountains, ranges and subordinate features of the Transantarctic Mountains, lying between the Beardmore Glacier, Beardmore and Reedy Glaciers and including the area from the head of the Ross Ice Sh ...
, east of
Barrett Glacier Shackleton Glacier () is a major Antarctic glacier, over long and from wide, descending from the Antarctic Plateau from the vicinity of Roberts Massif and flowing north through the Queen Maud Mountains to enter the Ross Ice Shelf between Mount ...
, north of the
Ross Ice Shelf The Ross Ice Shelf is the largest ice shelf of Antarctica (, an area of roughly and about across: about the size of France). It is several hundred metres thick. The nearly vertical ice front to the open sea is more than long, and between high ...
and northwest of the
Holzrichter Glacier Gough Glacier () is an Antarctic glacier about long, flowing from the northern slopes of the Prince Olav Mountains and the base of the Lillie Range and trending northward to the Ross Ice Shelf, between the Gabbro Hills and the Bravo Hills. It w ...
and
Gough Glacier Gough Glacier () is an Antarctic glacier about long, flowing from the northern slopes of the Prince Olav Mountains and the base of the Lillie Range and trending northward to the Ross Ice Shelf, between the Gabbro Hills and the Bravo Hills. It w ...
.
Watt Ridge The Prince Olav Mountains () is a mountain group in the Queen Maud Mountains in Antarctica stretching from Shackleton Glacier to Liv Glacier at the head of the Ross Ice Shelf. Discovery and naming The Prince Olav Mountains were discovered in 191 ...
, which terminates in
Mount Llano The Prince Olav Mountains () is a mountain group in the Queen Maud Mountains in Antarctica stretching from Shackleton Glacier to Liv Glacier at the head of the Ross Ice Shelf. Discovery and naming The Prince Olav Mountains were discovered in 191 ...
to the southeast, defines the limit of the Prince Olav Mountains along the southern edge of the range. To the north of these are Ropebreak Pass, Amphibole Peak, Mount Baker, Polaris Peak, Mount Roth. Mount Justman and Olliver Peak. The Sage Nunataks are to the north.


Features

Features, from south to north, include:


Ropebrake Pass

. A steep, narrow snow pass between the south end of Gabbro Hills and Mount Llano, permitting passage between the Barrett and Gough Glaciers. So named by the Southern Party of NZGSAE (1963-64) because of the large number of rope brakes used in its crossing.


Amphibole Peak

. The highest peak in the Gabbro Hills, high, standing north of Mount Llano. So named by the Southern Party of NZGSAE (1963-64) because minerals of the Amphibole group were found on the peak.


Mount Baker

. A mountain, high, in the southeast part of Gabbro Hills near the edge of the Ross Ice Shelf, standing at the west side of Gough Glacier, east of Amphibole Peak. Discovered by the U.S. Ross Ice Shelf Traverse Party (1957-58) under A.P. Crary, and named for Gladys E. Baker, who assisted in analyzing, classifying and reporting upon lichens for the ByrdAE (1933-35).


Polaris Peak

. A rounded peak high rising southwest of Mount Roth in the Gabbro Hills. So named by the Southern Party of NZGSAE (1963-64) because they drove a Polaris motor toboggan to the summit.


Mount Roth

. A rock peak high located east of Mount Justman in the northeast corner of Gabbro Hills, near the edge of the Ross Ice Shelf. Discovered and photographed by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition (1928-30) and named for Benjamin Roth, mechanic and U.S. Army representative on that expedition.


Mount Justman

. A mountain high along the edge of Ross Ice Shelf, standing in the north part of Gabbro Hills, midway between Olliver Peak and Mount Roth. Named by US-ACAN for Lt. Cdr. L.G. Justman, United States Navy, Assistant Ship Operations Officer on the Staff of the Commander, U.S. Naval Support Force, Antarctica, 1964.


Olliver Peak

. A rock peak high along the edge of Ross Ice Shelf. It stands at the east side of the mouth of Barrett Glacier and is the northwesternmost summit in Gabbro Hills. Named by US-ACAN for Cdr. George R. Olliver, United States Navy, who was injured in the crash of an Otter aircraft on Dec. 22, 1955, following a take-off from near Cape Bird.


Sage Nunataks

. Two ice-free nunataks, apart, located at the edge of the Ross Ice Shelf just north of Mount Justman and the Gabbro Hills. Named by US-ACAN for Richard H. Sage, builder, United States Navy, a member of the winter party at Byrd Station in 1959 and the South Pole Station in 1964.


References


Sources

* * *{{Include-USGov , agency=United States Geological Survey Mountain ranges of Antarctica Dufek Coast